Ukufuna izitshalo ezinhle zokuhlobisa izitshalo nezensimu abantu abaningi bethanda amahlumela amancane. Enye yalezi zitshalo i-molinia, i-slender, ehlala ehlathini efana nengonyama yeshumba. UMoliniya uyakwazi ukwengeza i-savanna kunoma yiliphi ipaki noma ingadi; ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokufika kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa komugqa.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-genus yalezi zitshalo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-botanist yaseChile Juan Ignacio Molina futhi ingeyomndeni wezinhlamvu. ENgilandi, lo utshani obusika bubizwa ngokuthi "utshani obomvu obomvu." Kuhlanganisa uhlobo lwezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zezitshalo nezinhlamvu ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, cishe zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo zemvelo zinezici ezifanayo ze-botanical, ezivumela ukwenza isici esicacile se-genus.
Izimpande zikaMolinia ziyizinto ezingenasici, kodwa zinyuka ngokwanele. Ukusakaza umqhele, oqukethe iziqu eziqondile futhi ezincane ezincane ezincane, ufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-0.4-2. Imbali igoqa ngokwayo ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-2.5. Esinye isihlahla kukhona amahlumela amaningi ukuthi phakathi komqhele cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola isikhala samahhala.
Kubalulekile! I-Moline idinga ukuncelisa njalo. Ukhula oluthe xaxa oluzungeze isihlahla ludonsa izakhi eziningi ezisenhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela zilahla utshani bokuhlobisa.
Amaqabunga e-Molini awafihli amahlumela, ahlangana ngaphansi kwehlathi. Amaqabunga amancane namancane anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngezinye izikhathi angathola amathoni amnyama noma amnyama (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo olune-moline). Ekwindla, leli gciwane libhekene nokuthengwa ngamaqabunga ombala ophuzi noma obomvu obomvu.
I-inflorescence ye-marsh utshani obomvu unomumo we-panicle. Esikhathini sethu sezulu, isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala phakathi nehlobo futhi asihlali isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili. Imbewu evulekile ibonakala kuphela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ukuze i-molinia, ukukhula kancane kwehlathi kuhlale kuyinto ejwayelekile. Lokhu kubalulekile ekudalweni kwemvelo, njengoba isitshalo sigcina izimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa okuqondile.
Njengommbizi, okusanhlamvu komndeni kufaka hlangana i-canary crab, utshani lomhlanga, i-awnless bonfire, i-turfy pike, i-chumzu, i-miscanthus yase-Chinese, i-foadtail ye-meadow, i-fescue, i-borg, i-bison, i-timothy utshani, ibhali elimnandi.
Spread
Abaningi bacabangela ukuthi umhlaba udweba utshani obunjalo.. Kodwa-ke, ingatholakala nasemigodini yemifula, emahlathini nasemahlathini amanzi. Itholakala eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Asia. Enye yezinhlobo ze-molinia esakazwa eJapane.
Izinhlobo ezidumile
Emklamo wokuhlobisa nokuhlelwa kwemvelo, imigqa emibili ebaluleke kunazo zonke emgqeni iyona eyigugu kakhulu: i-blue nehlanga.
Blue
I-blue moliniya ihlala ingumholi ohlwini lwazo izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezitshalo zalolu hlobo phakathi kwezilimo zasekhaya nabahlobisa. Lolu utshani luhlukaniswa ngamacembe aphikisiwe, aphonswe emuva, futhi amathiphu abo abukhali kangangokuthi ndawonye afana nenaliti yensilinga. Ihlamvu leqabunga lifinyelela ekuphakameni kwama-40-50 cm. Izilonda zesiliva, ezinombala obomvu obomvu, engeza ubuhle obukhethekile ehlathini. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umzila womthandazo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka unezinhlobo eziningana:
- I-Moorhexe;
- Rotschopf;
- I-Heidebraut;
- Strahlenquelle.
Uyazi? UMoliniya waqanjwa ngokuthi yiChilean H.I. Molina. Noma kunjalo, lesi sitshalo asikaze sitholakale ensimini yeChile. U-abbot nompristi uMolina baphoqeleka ukuba bathuthele e-Italy ngemva kokuqothula amaJesititi aseChile. EYurophu, waba profesa eNyuvesi yaseBolace futhi wachaza ezinye izitshalo zalolu hlobo.
Abanye abalimi bezimbali be-amateur bavame ukubiza i-skyline ye-blue Heidebraut (ukuhluka kwesithathu ohlwini). Kodwa-ke, kusukela endaweni yokubuka yezitshalo, isitatimende esinjalo asilungile, ngoba i-Hydebraut ingenye ye-subspecies ye-blue molinia.
Uhlanga
Lolu hlobo lwotshani olusendle luvame kakhulu emahlathini amanzi anomswakama wezwekazi laseYurophu. Isitshalo eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila isheshe sifinyelele ukuphakama kwama-70 cm. Eminyakeni elandelayo, isihlahla sihlanganisa kokubili ububanzi bomqhele nokuphakama. Ukuphakama okuncane ukusuka ezinyaweni ngu-110 cm. Isimila esingapheli sibonakala ngokuthola amahlumela ezinemibala egolide ekwindla.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ama-inflorescences aloluhlobo awunalo i-value yokuhlobisa, njengoba edwetshwe emthunzini omnyama noma omnyama, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo anesimo se-panicle. Noma kunjalo, amahlamvu aphansi, kalula futhi ngokwemvelo agxila ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya, agcwalisa ngokuphelele amahlumela amahle aqondile.
Ukuhlobisa isakhiwo sensimu, sikukhuthaza ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokwenza i-mixborder, ingadi yase rose, i-rock arias, umfudlana owomile, umthombo, i-gabions, i-waterfall, izindlela ezivela ekukhoneni kwezinkuni kanye nokukhonkolo, kanye nensimu yembali yamatayipi amasondo namatshe.
Isihlahla esihle kunabo bonke futhi sibukeka sibheka iminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala. Kusukela manje, uyogcina ubuhle bakhe bokuhlobisa isikhathi eside, ngisho nangaphandle kokunye ukunakekelwa. Umkhuleko we-Reed, kanye ne-blue, unama-subspecies amaningana. Okuthandwa kakhulu kudizayini yokuhlobisa nokuhleleka kwemvelo kuhlala:
- I-Staefa;
- I-Skyracer;
- Okungaqondakali;
- I-Fontane.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi be-flower abanokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nabahlobiso be-decorators batusa ukutshala okungaphezu kuka 3-4 izitshalo ngehora elilodwa lesikwele.
Izitshalo zokugcina ziheha ikakhulukazi abathandi bezimbali ezifana nezihlahla, njengoba zifana nomthombo ogelezayo.
Isicelo ekuklanyelwe
Lo utshani obuhle kakhulu ungakhula cishe yonke indawo. Lesi sitshalo sivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa:
- njengoba kugcizelelwe kuma-mixborders;
- emasimini ase-heather;
- ezinkundleni zangaphambili (naphezu komqhele omkhulu futhi ovuthayo, uhlala uvele ngokucacile ukuze ukwazi ukubuka izizinda eziphakathi nendawo yangemuva);
- eduze nezinqolobane (amachibi, izindawo ezisogwini);
- njengokuxuba ukuxuba kwezihlahla nezihlahla eziphansi;
- ekuthungeni okukodwa emaseni, kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezitshalo zasemahlathini;
- ema-rosaries;
- ezinhlobonhlobo ezomile (zingadalwa kusukela phakathi nohlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba).
Ukukhula ekhaya
Ukuhlobisa nokuhlelwa komugqa kuzoxhomeke kakhulu ekunakekeleni kwayo kahle. Ukuphuza njalo, umanyolo kanye nobusika obufanele kuyisiqinisekiso sobuhle besotshani esingapheli.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Amaminerali avame ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukutshala ezimbizeni kungavamile kakhulu. Lo utshani ngummeleli ojwayelekile wesimo sezulu esiyingozi: ibekezelela ukushisa kweqhwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo (ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezishisayo ngaphandle kwemvula yesikhathi eside) idinga ukuchelela.
I-genus iyingxenye yezitshalo ezithandekayo, kodwa i-penumbra ayiyona isithiyo esithile ekuthuthukiseni ubuhle bokuhlobisa. Umbuso wokushisa omuhle ehlobo uvela e-+18 kuya ku -25 ° ะก, ebusika - izinga lokushisa elincane eliphansi, eduze ne-zero.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene nezindawo zomhlabathi, umanyolo wazo, indlela yokuzimela ngokuzimela ngobuningi bomhlabathi esakhiweni, ukuthi ungayikhipha kanjani, futhi uthole ukuthi kuncike ekutheni uthuthukise kanjani inhlabathi.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Emhlabathini walesi sitshalo akudingeki ikakhulukazi. Ikhetha izindawo ze-humus zenhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo ikhula emhlabathini owomile, ngakho-ke kudingeka udinga kakhulu kulezi zimo ekhaya. Ngokuqondene ne-acidity yokwakheka, i-molinia ikhetha inhlabathi elula, ne-asidi ebuthakathaka yokusabela. 
Izakhi zamaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi zingasetshenziswa njengama-fertilizer for molinia. Lesi sitshalo siphendule kahle ekukhuliseni umquba wokuthumba, ukhuni lomlotha kanye ne-humus. Amaqabunga awela phansi, utshani, ama-spruce noma amagatsha ephayini, itshe elichotshoziwe lingasetshenziswa njengelinye ilanga.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Ukuqina kokunisela kuzoxhomeka esikhathini sokukhula komugqa. Engxenyeni yokuqala yalesi sikhathi, ochwepheshe batusa ukuphuza njalo utshani otshani (izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto). Amanzi kufanele agijime ku-50 cm ejulile. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ezungeze iphuzu elikhulayo kufanele limanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Engxenyeni yesibili yenkathi ekhulayo isihlahla sizovumelana nesomiso nokushisa, ngakho-ke, ukuchelela kunganciphisa izikhathi ezingu-1 ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kugcinwe ukuhlobisa kwe-molinia ezindaweni lapho kungabi khona imvula ehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kancane kaningi (izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto).
Ngokuvamile, izinyanga ezaziwa kakhulu, njenge-petunia, i-nasturtium, i-convolvulus, ama-cornflowers, ama-marigolds, nawo atshalwa emasimini.
Ukuzala
Lesi sitshalo singandisa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngenzalo noma ngokwemvelo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amafomu e-hybride angasakazwa kuphela ngezindlela zemifino. Kodwa izitshalo ze-varietal zingasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla (vegetatively), kanye nembewu.
Imbewu
Imbewu ivuthwe engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti, ngalesi sikhathi iqoqo labo liqala. Ebusika, imbewu igcinwe ephepheni yephepheni noma esikhwameni sendwangu endaweni eyomile, efudumele, ngaphandle kokuxhumana nelanga eliqondile. Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi (ezindaweni ezisenyakatho). Kungcono ukuqhuba ukufika kwangaphambili ku-peat izindebe. Lapho umzila womthandazo uqala ukukhula, utshalwe enhlabathini evulekile ngilazi.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho kungekho khona iqhwa elikhulu ebusika, izithombo zitshalwe ngasekupheleni kwekwindla (ekuqaleni kwasebusika). Okokuqala, khulisa umhlabathi kancane, bese uhlwanyela imbewu bese uwafafaza ngendwangu encane yomhlaba. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kulokhu ukutshala akudingeki ukuthi kuhlanganiswe ne-foil, ngoba imbewu inzima kakhulu futhi izothela ngaphandle kwezinkinga entwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Izingxenye zezitshalo ezonakaliswe yizilokazane kufanele zisuswe. Uma kungenjalo, ukubola kuzosakazeka kumathisheni enempilo.
Vegetative
Ngendlela yemifino, zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-hybrid ze-molinia zanda. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa isikhukhula kanye nokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Izihlahla ezindala kuphela (iminyaka emithathu ubudala noma ngaphezulu) zingahlukaniswa, njengoba izitshalo ezincane zingase zife emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo. Abathandi bezitshalo abadayisi bathi ungatshala izihlumela ngabanye. Ngakho-ke, isihlahla esidala singahlungwa kahle, futhi wonke umuntu athole inani elikhulu lokutshala impahla.
Umgodi wokufika ohlangothini oluhlukanisiwe wehlathini akufanele kube ngumgodi omkhulu. Ilingene no-30 cm ububanzi futhi kufana nobubanzi. Ngaphansi komgodi, kufanele ufake umquba noma amathisipuni amancane omanyolo obunzima obunzima. Ngemuva kokutshala, ukudubula okuhlukanisiwe kuniselwa (kungenzeka ukuthi umquba umhlabathi ngamaqabunga, utshani noma ama-humus).
Kuyo yonke inkathi, izitshalo ezinjalo ezimi njalo zizokuthokozisa ngokuzihlobisa okuqhubekayo: umphathi, i-Badan, i-astilba, i-geykher, i-hellebore, i-stonecrop, i-viola, i-tradescantia.
Ebusika
Izitshalo zaloluhlobo ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokulwa nokuqhwaza kuya ku -15 ° C. Uma kunezimo zezulu ezibi kakhulu esifundeni, kunconywa ukumboza utshani obunotshani ngeqhwa, pre-mulch ngezinaliti noma ungqimba lwamagqabi.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu kanye namanhla okushisa kanye nesimiso esivamile esimweni semvula ene-sleet, umgogodla wezimayini udinga ukwelashwa nge-fungicides. Lokhu kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile. Inhloso eyinhloko yenkambiso ukuvikela izihlahla ezivela ezifweni ezifakwe emangcwabeni ezithuthuka endaweni enomswakama emoyeni omuhle nasemvelweni okushisa.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Lapho ukhula lezi zitshalo zokuhlobisa ngokuvamile kuphakama ubunzima. I-Molinea ayizithobeki ekunakekeleni, ikhuthaze isithwathwa nesomiso ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi ayidingi ukuphuza nokudla njalo. I-Purple Marsh Grass iyi-ornamental shrub enhle kakhulu kulabo abangakwazi ukuhambisana nezimila zabo.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
I-Molinia ayidabuli neze izifo ezihlukahlukene nezilokazane.. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka uma utshani lungelashwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezifanele, i-Molinia ingahlaselwa ama-aphid, noma izifo ezifana ne-powdery mildew kanye ne-anthracnose.
Ukuvikela utshani obunamapulangwe ezifweni ze-fungal kanye nezinambuzane, ukwelashwa okuvamile okuvimbela amafungicide kufanele kwenziwe (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivame ukuchithwa, imvamisa yezokwelapha kufanele ibe yinyanga 1 ngenyanga). Phakathi nesikhathi esomile sasehlobo, isikhumba sesicabucabu singasetha umhlabathi. Kodwa uma isitshalo siphathwa ngama-insecticide, umkhaza ngeke ukwazi ukuwuhlasela. Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo kwenziwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.
Uyazi? Ama-wrappers amaqabunga e-infinirescences e-Molini aluhlaza angasondela esikhathini esifushane. Izitshalo zafunda ukusebenzisa le ndawo: utshani butshalwe ukuze bubheke izinambuzane ezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, ukugoqa amaqabunga emgqeni womugqa udlala indima yohlobo lwesicupho.
I-Moline ingahlaselwa yizinambuzane ezisemhlabathini. Izitshalo ezingenakunqunywa zingase zithelele izibungu ze-grub. Amahlumela namaqabunga amaqabunga avame ukuhlasela ukuqhuma noma ukushaya ibhungane. Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinambuzane ekubhubhiseni umhlabathi, izindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile kufanele zenziwe ngenxa yezihlumela kanye nezingxenyana ezimpande ngamalungiselelo asekelwe ku-Imidacloprid. Imvamisa yezokwelapha - zonke izinsuku ezingu-40-60 kusukela ngo-Ephreli.
Kuyinto elula ukukhulisa isembozo somhlabathi esakhiweni sakho; ngisho nomqashi emkhakheni we-floriculture angakwazi ukusingatha. Kubalulekile ukutshala lesi sitshalo endaweni efanele ukuze isitshalo sikhululeke futhi singaphazanyisani ukuvumelana okuhlotshaniswayo kokuhlelwa kwensimu engadini.
