Isitshalo somhlobiso womgcini womhlobisi angahlobisa ngendlela emangalisayo ingadi. Ithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi nabaqambi bemvelo bendawo yamahlamvu aluhlaza, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zezinsiza ezibonakalayo, isikhathi nomzamo womzimba wokukhula. Amacembe ayo angaba ngosayizi abahlukahlukene, bobunji kanye nokwenziwa. Ama-inflorescence anomusa, avelele ngaphezulu kwenqwaba yamaqabunga. Umbala wazo uhluka kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokwephuzi nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukufinyelela ngokugcwele amandla ayo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele, kubandakanya ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi.
Uyothuthela nini kumgcini: ekwindla noma entwasahlobo
I-hosta iyisimo esivamile sonyaka, ingxenye eluhlaza iyabuna ebusika, futhi isitshalo sisinda ngenxa yesigqi esinamandla esiqukethe izakhi zomswakama nokuqhakaza kwentuthuko.
I-hosta engadini
Lapho umgcini entshaliwe, kunqunywa izinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo kanye nesinqumo somgcini wegadi ngokwakhe, ngoba kungenziwa entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Inqubo yenziwa kabusha isitshalo futhi sinikeze amandla amasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsingathi ukhula ngokushesha, ehlala izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi aphazamise nezindawo ezingomakhelwane. Ngakho-ke, idinga ukuhlukaniswa ngezikhathi ezithile kwephisi.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi sokuncamela esincanyelwayo sisentwasahlobo, kanti ekwindla asisihle ngokwedlulele ngenxa yokushoda kwesikhathi sokusinda okuhle endaweni entsha. Ukufakelwa kwe-Autumn kungenziwa kuphela eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptember, njengoba ukubamba imbala kuthatha amasonto angama-4-5.
Akunandaba nesikhathi sesikhathi sekhalenda, akunconywa ukufakelwa lesi sitshalo ngamazinga okushisa aphansi asendaweni (ngaphansi kuka + 5 ° C).
Izinzuzo Zokusingathwa Kwentwasahlobo:
- ukukhula ngokushesha kwesitshalo kuqala;
- izimpande zikhula ngokushesha;
- ukuzivumelanisa nendawo entsha cishe akunabuhlungu;
- inhlabathi isivele isifudumele, kepha isalokhu imanzi;
- uma ukufakelwa kwamabusi kungenziwa ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu, amaqabunga esitshalo angaba okungenampilo, alahlekelwe ukukhanya kwawo nokuqina.
Kungenzeka ukuthi udlulise umninimzi ehlobo
Izinhlobo ezithile zamabutho, ngokwesibonelo, i-Hosta sieboldiana ne-Hosta Tokudama, zihlukile kwezinye izitshalo ngokuthi ziqala zikhule amaqabunga bese zakha uhlelo lwezimpande. Lapho ukufakelwa kosokhaya kungcono, umbuzo awukho - ehlobo noma ekwindla.
I-Hosta sieboldiana
Ezinye izinhlobo zingabuye zitshalwe ehlobo, kepha kuzo ngeke kube yisisombululo esihle kakhulu kuzo. Ehlobo, blooms host. Izimbali akuyona isithiyo lapho transplant. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa amandla amaningi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi kungenzeka singabi namandla okwanele ukusiphula. Ngakho-ke, ama-peduncle kufanele asuswe ngesikhathi senqubo yokufakelwa ehlobo. Zisikwa ngqo kumgcini obanjiwe.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe usuku olungashisi olunamafu lokufakelwa ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, ukuphela kuka-Agasti yisikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqala ukudlulisa komunye umgcini, futhi ngoJulayi yikho okubi kakhulu.
Ukuqhamuka
Kungenzeka ukuthi udlulise umninimzi ngoJuni
Ukuqala kukaJuni akulungile, kepha yisikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kosokhaya, ikakhulukazi uma intwasahlobo yinde futhi neqhwa liphuma sekwephuzile.
Ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zaseRussia, izimo ezikhona zemvelo kanye neminyaka eminingi yokuhlakulela abalimi zinquma ukuthi kungenzeka nini ukudlulisa umnikazi kwenye indawo esifundeni esithile:
- ESiberia nase-Urals, ihlobo limfushane futhi ekwindla kwalo kuyabanda ngokushesha, ngakho-ke i-hosta ithola izimpande kahle lapho itshalwe kabusha ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho isizini yonke yehlobo isandulele ukuqinisa isitshalo;
- Emgqeni ophakathi kwengxenye yaseYurophu yeRussia Federation, kufaka phakathi amadlelo, abalimi bakhetha ukufakelwa ekwindla.
Ungahlala nini futhi kanjani futhi wabelane kanjani kumgcini womgcini
Enye yezizathu lapho umnikazi ehleli khona yingoba uhlelo lwezimpande lugqunywe. Akugcini ngokuthatha indawo enkulu, kepha futhi izimfanelo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo ziyancishiswa. Isizathu sesibili kungaba ukwandiswa kwezitshalo, ukudalwa kwengoma entsha yezimo zomhlaba.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukuthatha futhi wabelane nomgcini weminyaka engu-1-2 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukukhula ngempumelelo, i-rhizome kumele ibe namandla ngokwanele. Ukufakwa okuncane kuthatha isikhathi ukujwayela, lapho kuphela ukukhula kwabo okusheshayo kuqala.
Imvamisa lesi sitshalo sifinyelela inani eliphakeme lentuthuko ngonyaka wesihlanu noma wesithupha. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5, isikhathi sifika lapho sesivele sesikhona ukuhlalisa umninikhaya.
Ngaphambi kokudlulisela kumgcini, kufanele usondele ekukhetheni indawo enhle kunazo zonke. Lezi zitshalo zithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi noma kuphela. Zilungele ukudala isembozo esifihlekile ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
IHosta ngaphansi kwesihlahla
Ukukhanya okuqondile kubekezelelwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezinamahlamvu aluhlaza okhanyayo, kodwa kungcono ukuziveza elangeni lasekuseni kuphela. Isithunzi esigcwele cishe asisoze saba yisithiyo ekukhuleni kwezimila, yize kwesinye isikhathi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimbali.
I-Hosta ayifuneki ikakhulukazi emhlabathini, kepha ikhetha i-substrate enothile ngezinto eziphilayo. Umhlabathi we-Loamy ulungele wona, uyakwazi ukugcina umswakama, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi. Izindawo eziphansi ezithambekele kwizikhukhula azilungele ukubanjwa.
Kubalulekile! Uma inhlabathi isinda kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi ungeze isihlabathi somfula kuyo, lapho isikhululekile kakhulu, bese sithambisa.
Izinyathelo zokufakelwa:
- Amabutho abopha isihlahla esidala ekujuleni okuphakathi, sizama ukungena ngaphansi kwebhola lezimpande ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande;
- Isitshalo sikhishwa ngokucophelela. Uma kwenzeka ukufakelwa okulula, khona-ke umhlabathi onezimpande umane nje unyakaziswe kancane. Uma kunesidingo, hlukanisa futhi utshale isihlahla, izimpande ziyahlanzwa enhlabathini ngokugeza ngamanzi ukuzidalula;
- Kulungiselelwe umgodi omusha ngokususelwa usayizi wethambo lobumba. Lapho uhlukanisa - cishe u-0.4x0.4 m no-0.5 m ngokujulile. Uma kutshalwe izitshalo eziningana, ungabeki imithombo eduzane. Amakhaya adinga isikhala sohlelo lwempande ukukhula, kucatshangelwa ukufakelwa okungavamile, kufanele kwanele: okungenani i-0.5 m yezitshalo ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga, u-0,3 m wezinhlobo ezincane;
- Ngezansi komgodi kufakwa izinto zokudonsa (amatshe amancanyana, amachwane wezitini, njll.) Kanye nesendlalelo somquba wephepha noma ubusika;
- Izimpande ziyahlolwa ngokucophelela, zilimele bese zomile zisuswe. Ngokuthola amagciwane imizuzu engu-10-15 icwiliswe kusisombululo esibuthakathaka sendawo ye-potanganum;
- Ngemuva kwalokho yomiswa emoyeni ovulekile (okungenani amahora angama-1.5), ngemuva kwalokho i-rhizome ihlukaniswe izigaba ngommese obukhali, ifafaza ukusikeka ngomlotha wokhuni. Ingxenye ngayinye ehlukanisiwe kufanele ibe nezimpande ezakhiwe kahle futhi okungenani amahlumela amaqabunga angama-2-3 noma amaqabunga;
- Izitshalo ngazinye zibekwa enkabeni yomgodi, embozwe ngenhlabathi, inyathelwe kancane. Intamo yezimpande ihlala ngaphezulu.
Abaphathi beDivosi
Kubalulekile! Izitshalo ezisanda kutshalwa ziniselwa isikhathi esingamasonto amabili nsuku zonke.
Ngokufakelwa ekwindla, udinga ukunakekela ukufudumala kwezitshalo ezisencane. Zimbozwe ngamahlamvu omile noma ngamagatsha ezihlahla zemisipresi, ngaphambi kobusika besikhathi sezulu esibandayo amaqabunga angasika, kusale kufika ku-15 cm kuphela kwesiqu.
Umphathi otshaliwe
Ungawondla kanjani umninikhaya ukuze ukhule
Ngemuva kokufakelwa ekwindla, ukufaka umanyolo isitshalo akudingeki, entwasahlobo esikhathini sokufakelwa kwesinye futhi esikhathini sonke esisebenzayo somgcini, kudinga ukugqokwa njalo okuphezulu. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakubantu abangahleliwe.
Ukuqinisekisa impilo, okusho ukulondolozwa kokubukeka okuhle kwesitshalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungondla kanjani umninikhaya, nini futhi kanjani ukukwenza kahle futhi ngamanani amaningi okusetshenziswa komanyolo.
Mulching Sebawoti
Lapho kuqala inkathi yokukhula, ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli-Meyi, lapho isitshalo sesikulungele ukuvuka ebusika bese siqala ukukhula, umninikhaya uhlinzekwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe izinto eziphilayo namalungiselelo amaminerali.
Njengokugqoka okungaphezulu okuphezulu, umquba wamaqabunga, izinsalela ezahlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo (izicucu zembewu, amagxolo ezihlahla abolile, njll.) Ezibekwe ngaphansi kwezihlahla zingasetshenziswa. Ukulungiswa kwamaminerali kufanele kuqukathe i-nitrogen ngokuyinhloko edingekayo ezitshalweni ukuze zakhe isisindo esiluhlaza.
Kubalulekile! Ukucubungula ngomanyolo wezimbiwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula. Zincibilika emanzini futhi zithululelwa ngaphansi kwempande, kugwema ukuxhumana namaqabunga.
Uma kudlula cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokugqoka kokuqala kwentwasahlobo, kungenziwa futhi.
Uma isitshalo singakhiwa kahle, futhi kunenkinga, kunokuba sondle umninikhaya ukuze akhule kangcono, khona-ke kusetshenziswa izakhiwo ezifanayo zamaminerali, kepha zethulwa ngendlela efanayo ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Ukhulula inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla, futhi amaganu asakazeka lapho. Noma ziyaluswa futhi ziniselwe;
- Ngesixazululo somanyolo onjengembali ye-Aquarin, i-Agrovitakva, njll., Ingxenye esemoyeni yamabusi ifafazwa.
Kubalulekile! Ngezinhlobonhlobo zamabutho anamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukufafaza akumele kusetshenziswe ngenxa yokwephula kungenzeka kweleveli yokuvikela.
Ungayondla kanjani abaphathi ngoJuni
Uma i-organics idinga ukuvundiswa kanye entwasahlobo bese iphinda futhi ngaphambi kokuqala ubusika, lapho-ke izimbiwa ezinamaminerali zingondliwa konke ngoJuni nasekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Imodi yokusebenzisa kwabo njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-15, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezine sesikhathi sonke esisebenzayo.
Ngo-Agasti, kodwa kungakadluli maphakathi naphakathi, umgcini usondliwe ufakwa umanyolo we-phosphate-potash okudingekayo ukudala ukunikezwa kwezakhi zomzimba ebusika. Kwanele ukukwenza lokhu izikhathi ezi-1-2.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukondla abaphethe, ukulinganisela kubalulekile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo we-organic nokugqoka sekwephuzile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzosebenzisa wonke amandla akhe ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo futhi ngeke abekezelele ubusika.
Umanyolo wemikhosi
Ngonyaka wokuqala noma wesibili wokuphila kwesitshalo, uma inani elanele lezinto eziphilayo liqalwa ngesikhathi sokutshala, umgcini awadingi ukwengeza ngokuvuselela. Isidingo sokufaka umquba sinqunywa isimo sesitshalo. Uma kubukeka kukuhle futhi kuthuthukisa, kunconywa ukwenqaba ngokuphelele umanyolo ongeziwe. Abantu ababuthakathaka bayabadinga.
Umanyolo ongatholakala we-organic:
- umquba wephepha;
- izinhlamvu zommbila womhlabathi;
- isidlo sethambo;
- umquba obolile
- izinaliti ezomile zeConifers.
Kumanyolo wezimbiwa emigodini, iBazakot ne-Osmokot zifanelekile.
Umanyolo we-Osmokot
Okondla ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, kuhlanganiswe namanzi:
- i-superphosphate;
- kalimagnesia;
- potassium sulfate.
Amakhambi abantu abahle nabazenzele, ngokwesibonelo, ukumiliselwa emlotheni, ocebile nge-potassium. I-Ash itholakala ngokuqoqa nokushisa amagatsha asikiwe kanye namaqabunga omile ekwindla. Ngemuva kwalokho i-0,3 kg yomlotha ifakwa ebhakedeni lamanzi futhi ifakwe izinsuku eziningana. Ngaleli thuluzi, nisela inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ngaphambi kokubanda ubusika, ufafaza ungqimba lomhlaba phezulu.
Ukusingathwa kungukungezwa okuhle kunoma yisiphi isivande, kufanelana kahle nezikhala ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlakulela kulula, futhi uma ulandela imithetho elula yokunakekela isitshalo, ungakha isimo esiyingqayizivele kusayithi lakho.
