I-Radermacher yisihlahla esihlala sikhona esiqhamuka emndenini wakwaBignoniaceae. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yiSoutheast Asia. Kwakha umqhele osakazekayo onamaqabunga amaningi amahle wohlaza obuluhlaza obuluhlaza. Yisitshalo esisodwa kuphela, sibonga amakhasidi we-emerald, okwazi ukufaka ingadi egumbini, sihlanze imvelo sihlanzeke nomoya. I-radermaker ene-orchidal lace foliage ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isihlahla senyoka", "umuthi we-emerald", "iChrysalis yaseChinese" noma "umlotha ongaphakathi endlini." Ukuyinakekela kulula kakhulu, kepha ekwakhekeni kwe-Cascade ekhanyayo, izidingo ezithile kufanele zihlangatshezwe.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-radermacher emvelweni yisihlahla eside, esifushane, esivame ukuvela ngeziqu eziningana. Ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela kumamitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Ububanzi besiqu bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1. Isitshalo sasekhaya sincane, siyisihlahla esinamanzi esiphakeme, esifinyelela ku-2 m ukuphakama. Zimbozwe ngamagxolo bushelelezi grey-green.
Emagatsheni amancanyana, amaqabunga amade e-cirrus akhula eduze. Kuma-petioles kukhona amaqabunga e-oval noma ovoid. Ubude beqabunga lonke lifinyelela ku-20-70 cm, ububanzi bawo bube yi-15-25 cm. Amapheshana endawo ngayinye angamasentimitha angama-2 cm ubude bawo.
Ama-radermacher aqhakaza ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-15. Ehlobo, izinsimbi ezizwakala zivela emaxeleni amaqabunga noma ngqo esiqwini. Kwesinye isikhathi babuthana kuma-inflorescence a-genemose. Isihlahla ngasinye sinezindawo ezifushane kakhulu. Ubude be-calyx bufika ku-7 cm. Umbala ukhilimu, omhlophe noma ophuzi-owolintshi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umuthi umbozwe iphunga le-clove, isinamoni noma i-jasmine. Ngeshwa, ekhaya kunzima kakhulu ukufeza ukubukeka kwezimbali, kepha amahlamvu amahle amahle afanelwe yi-radermacher ukuhlala endlini.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, amabhokisi embewu avuthiwe avuthwe. Ziqukethe imbewu emincane ansundu nge-lionfish.
Izinhlobo ze-radermacher
Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-17. Iningi lazo zinkulu, zisakaza izihlahla, azifanele ukulinyelwa ngaphakathi. Ezindlini ongathola, ikakhulukazi, i-radermacher yamaShayina kuphela.
Chinese Radermacher (titmouse). Izihlahla ezinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-1.5-2 zinomqhele osabalalisa obukhulu. Emagatsheni anamandla kunamaqabunga ama-cirrus ahlukaniswe ngama-cirrus. Amacembe ama-openwork acwebezelayo wombala oluhlaza okotshani anomumo we-lanceolate nemiphetho ye-serated. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ibanga lokuhlobisa leRädermacher titmus Caprim. Kwisitshalo esisodwa kunamaqabunga amancane aqoshiwe aluhlaza okotshani nokuluhlaza obumnyama. Lokhu kwenza umqhele we-mosaic ube muhle kakhulu.
Raddermacher ukhuni. Umuthi omude, onesiqu esisodwa esingu-5-10 m ukhula emahlathini omile aseNdiya. Umqhele ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza umhlobiso kakhulu. I-Panicrate inflorescence ivuleka ngqo emagxolweni amadala esiqhekeza kanye namagatsha awugqinsi, phakathi kwamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aze afike ku-100 cm ubude. Ziqukethe imiqumbe eyenziwe imbobo yomthambo. Amaphethelo wezimbali agobile ngokuqinile futhi ambozwe umngcele obanzi we-wavy. Ama-petals amhlophe qhwa, kanti pharynx uphonswa ngohlobo oluphuzi obukhanyayo.
URadermacher ubomvu ngomlilo. Umuthi omude onomqhele oqoshiwe umbozwe ngamaqabunga okusaqanda aze afike kubude obuyi-7 cm. Izimbali eziqhakazayo zesitshalo ziyavela emahlumela amadala anezimbali (isiqu, amagatsha amakhulu). Ama-Root inflorescence aqukethe izimbali ze-tubular eziwolintshi. Imiphetho yamacembe iyavula ngaphandle. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isihlahla sisongwe ngephunga lejasmine elimnandi.
Ukumila kwezitshalo
Ekhaya, i-radermacher ivame ukusakazwa izindlela zokusungula imifino. Ukususa izimpande, amaqabunga anempilo anempilo asikiwe kanye nesithende anqunywa ngoMeyi-Juni. Isilayi kumele siphathwe noKornevin. Lapho-ke isiqu sendele enhlabathini evundile yesihlabathi-i-peat, yomiswe ngokucophelela futhi imbozwe ngesikhwama. Ziqukethe izithombo egumbini lokushisa elifudumele elinokukhanya okukhulu okugqamile. Izitshalo kufanele zingene umoya nsuku zonke futhi zifafazwe ngamanzi.
Ukususa isibhamu esinamathambo, sebenzisa indlela yokwenziwa komoya. Kulokhu, amagxolo awonakele, enza ukusikeka nokuklwebheka kuwo. Indawo eyonakele imbozwe nge-moss emanzi ne-polyethylene. I-moss kufanele ihlanganiswe kahle njalo. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, kuzovela izimpande eziqinile, bese kuthi ukukhishwa kungasuswa, igatsha ligawulwe futhi litshalwe ngokwehlukana.
Ukulima imbewu akuvamile ukusetshenziswa yi-radermacher ngenxa yobunzima bokuthenga imbewu. Imbewu emisha itshalwa kumuntu ongama-5-10 mm esihlabathini esiminyaniswe kahle kanye nenhlabathi ye-peat. Isitsha simbozwe nge-foil futhi sibekwe egumbini elifudumele elikhanyiselwe. Amahlumela avela zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-8 kuya kwengu-12. Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-20-25, i-radermacher encane ingena izimbiza ngazinye.
Indawo kanye Nezindawo
Isibani URadermacher uthanda ukukhanyiswa okuhle, kepha lapho ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kushaya amaqabunga, ukusha kuvela ngokushesha. Kuvunyelwe ukukhula ngemuva kwegumbi noma emafasiteleni asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Amahlumela akhula ngokunamandla okuqhamuka emthonjeni wokukhanya, ngakho-ke isitshalo kwesinye isikhathi siguquka nge-axis yaso.
Ukushisa URadermacher ukhetha okuqukethwe okufudumele ngokulinganayo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu ehlobo ngoba + 22 ... + 25 ° C. Ekushiseni okwedlulele, udinga ukufaka umoya egumbini njalo noma ukuveza isihlahla emoyeni omusha. Uzodinga i-canopy, kanye nokuvikelwa kokusalungiswa. Ekwindla, kunconywa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ukuya ku-16 ° C. Isikhathi esinjalo sokuphumula sizovumela isitshalo ukuthi sithole amandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukufundwa kwe-thermometer akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kuka + 11 ° C.
Ukufakelwa Kudluliselwa isitshalo kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula. Iminyaka eyi-5 yokuqala, i-radermacher idluliswa minyaka yonke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inqubo yenziwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-2- 2 noma imane ithathe indawo yaphezulu. Isifutho esinamandla sidinga imbiza eqinile, ejulile. Noma kunjalo, akufanele uthathe umthamo "wokukhula". Kulokhu, kuzoba nzima ukugcina izinga elidingekayo lomswakama womhlaba kanye ne-acidity.
Phansi kwembiza, izimbobo zenziwa zokukhipha amanzi bese kungqimba ubumba olunwebekile noma enye into edonswayo. Inhlabathi ye-radermacher kumele ibe ne-acidity engathathi hlangothi noma ebuthakathaka, ibe nokuphefumula futhi ibe nokudla okunempilo. Inhlabathi kumele ifake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- inhlabathi yamaqabunga (izingxenye ezi-2);
- isihlabathi somfula (ingxenye eyi-1);
- amaqabunga ama-humus (ingxenye eyi-1);
- izingcezu zegxolo likaphayini (izingxenye ezingama-0.5).
Lapho ufakelwa, isigaxa esidala sobumba kufanele sisuswe ukuze kugwenywe i-acidization ngokweqile yomhlabathi. Izimpande ziyagezwa, zihlolwe ukubola futhi zinqume izindawo ezilimele. Ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa, i-radermacher iyaniselwa futhi igcinwe emthunzini oyingxenye.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Radermacher ayizethembi, ilungele abalimi abanolwazi oluncane noma oluphakathi.
Umswakama. Izitshalo zijwayela ukuswakama okujwayelekile kwasendlini. Baphendula ngokubonga ukufafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Zidingeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushisa, uma ihlathi liseduze nemisebe. Amanzi ahlanzwe kahle asetshenziselwa ukufafaza, kungenjalo kuzovela amabala amabi kuhlamvu. Kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka, izihlahla zigezwa eshaweni efudumele.
Ukunisela. Ngenxa yomqhele obukhulu, i-radermacher ikhipha umswakama ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kufanele iniselwe kaningi futhi maningi. Inhlabathi kumele yomile ngo-1-2 cm, kungabe kusaba khona. Amanzi okunisela kudingeka ithambile, igcinwe kahle. Kuhle ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlungiwe, abilisiwe noma amanzi emvula.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, i-radermacher ivundiswa ngomanyolo wamaminerali kathathu ngenyanga. Izakhiwo ezifanele zomhlaba wonke noma izingoma zezitshalo ezihlotshisiwe zamahlamvu. Isixazululo sithululelwa emhlabathini. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kuphela uma imbali iqukethe emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-20 ° C.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele. I-Radermacher isheshe ikhule ihlumela. Ukungena ngemvume ukuze kwakhiwe izinqubo ze-lateral kuqala esemncane. Izihlahla kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kunconywa ukunciphisa noma ingxenye yez amahlumela ezinonile, ngaphandle kwalokho zisuka ngokushesha ziveze. Ukuthola isihlahla esinemifino eminyene kuyo yonke ubude, izitshalo eziningana eziphakeme ezahlukahlukene zivame ukutshala ndawonye.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
I-Radermacher ingahlaselwa ukuhlaselwa i-red spider mite, aphid kanye ne-mealybug. Lapho kuvela izimuncagazi, izitshalo zigezwa ngaphansi kwesishizi esiningi esifudumele, izinambuzane ziyaqoqwa bese kuphathwa izinambuzane (i-Actellik, Aktara, Karbofos).
Uma umbuso wokunisela wephulwa, iziqu nezimpande konakaliswa ukubola (fusarium). Lesi sifo siveza njengamabala amnyama, ukuthambisa izicubu, kanye nokukhula kwembuyiselo. Kuyadingeka ukufeza ukufakelwa esikhundleni somhlabathi nokuncipha kwezindawo ezonakalisiwe. Zonke izigaba zifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe futhi lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-fung fung.
Ukungahambisani nezimo ezikhulayo ze-radermacher kusayinwa ngokuwoceka kokubukeka kwabo. Ebusika, ngokukhanya okunganele nokuqukethwe kufudumele kakhulu, amahlumela aluliwe futhi avezwe. Amanye amaqabunga angaguquka aphuzi futhi awe. Entwasahlobo, kuzovela amaqabunga amasha endaweni yawo. Ngenxa yomoya omile ngokweqile noma ukuthambisa okunganele, amaqabunga omile emaphethelweni, alahlekelwe yi-turgor bese ewa. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya nomanyolo kuholela ekulahlekiseni nasekunciphiseni kwepuleti leshidi.
Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze
IRadermacher ithathwa njengesitshalo esithinta kahle isimo sendlu. Ugcwalisa impilo yasendlini ngemicimbi ejabulisayo, ulwa nesizungu nosizi. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabahlali bendlu buyathuthuka, bufudumale futhi buxhasane ngokwengeziwe.
Kukholelwa ukuthi imbali ibamba imizwa engemihle bese ibeka abanye emgudwini omuhle. Izitshalo zikhonjiswa emizini yabantu abaqhuba izinto ezingokomoya zaseMpumalanga. Kuyasiza ukuthola ukuxhumana nomqondo ophakeme, futhi kuvikele nomnikazi emonakalweni nasezigulini ezinkulu. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isihlahla sikamufi somsizi, owafa ngaphandle kwesizathu, wazithathela ububi obabuqondiswe kumniniyo.
