I-Carnation - imbali ejwayelekile ezindaweni ezizimele, ngoba ngaphezu kwamafomu enhle, nayo inomnandi kakhulu. Abalimi bezimbali bakhipha izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezithandwayo zalesi sitshalo, futhi kude nendawo yokugcina ekuthandeni yi-pinnate yokuqothula. Cabanga ngezici zalo kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Lesi sitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside sikhula kufika ku-30-40 cm ukuphakama, okuvezwe yiziqu eziqondile, amaqabunga e-ssile ajwayelekile kanye nezimbali eziqoqwe nge-inflorescences isambulela. Uhlelo lwempande luyisisekelo, isithelo ibhokisi. Ngokuqondene nombala wezimbali, zingaba mhlophe, zibomvu futhi zihlanganise ngisho nama-shades ambalwa (isibonelo, obomvu obomvu nomhlophe). Izimbali zenzeka phakathi nohlobo - kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni nangoJulayi.
Zijwayeze ngezinhlobo ze-clove ezidume kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngotshani, eTurkey, eShabo naseShayina.
Njengezinye izitshalo eziningi ezingapheli, ukubola kwamapayipi ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala kusayithi kuzokujabulisa kuphela ngesitshalo esinamandla, futhi izimbali zizovela esihlahleni kuphela kusukela ngonyaka wesibili wokuthuthukiswa. 
Spread
Kukholelwa ukuthi ingxenye engasempumalanga yeYurophu, kanye nezindawo ezisemaphandleni naseningizimu yeRussian Federation, yindawo yokuzalwa yezinhlobo ze-cirrus, kodwa namuhla isakazwa kakhulu kunemingcele yawo. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi mayelana nokulima kwalo luvela eNyakatho Melika, e-China nakwa-Afrika, ngoba ukubukeka okukhangayo kokuqothulwa kwemifino nje akukwazi ukushiya abalimi abamnandi abavela eziqhingini ezahlukene zomhlaba.
Uyazi? Imikhumbi, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi "imbali kaZeus," ezinsukwini zakudala, izakhamuzi zamazwe amaningi zibhekwa njengengqondo, ngakho-ke zathinta izingubo zamasosha eza empini (lokhu kwakuvame kakhulu e-Italy naseFrance).
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-clove feathery
Ababelethi abahlali phansi bengakapheli umzuzu, ngakho-ke uhlobo lwezinhlanzi zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zinezinhlobonhlobo zalo. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizo izitshalo ezilandelayo:
- I-Scottish Terry Clove - ikhula kuze kufike ku-40 cm futhi ibonakala ngezimo ezihlukahlukene zezimbali.
- "Menjesti" - izimbali ezahlukene ezimhlophe nezimnandi.
- Ifomu lokulungisa - izitshalo zikhula zibe ngu-25 cm, ziqhakaze kabili ngonyaka (ngoJuni no-Agasti) futhi zingase zibe nezimbali ezimbili noma ezimbili.
- I-plume encane ye-carnation - limelelwa isitshalo sama-25-cm ngezimbali ezinkulu (kuze kube ngu-6 cm ububanzi). Ukuhlukahluka kwe-varietal eminingi yokuqothulwa kwe-carnation kuphela ebusika, yingakho bavame ukukhulela endlini.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlwanyelwa kokuqothulwa kwesikhala esakhiweni sawo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba i-rhizome yayo eqinile iqinisa umhlaba. Kuze kube sekugcineni, izitshalo zitshalwe emithambekeni nasemithambekeni yesayithi noma emaphethelweni embhedeni wembali ngehlabathi elivulekile nelisha.
Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape
Kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezimpaphe, ukukhula kwazo kungabonwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi, futhi kwezinye izimo, izimbali ziqhakaza futhi - eduze kwekwindla. Ngakho-ke, kungenye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa ingadi, ngoba kufanelekile ukudala izingadi ze-rock kanye nemibhede yemifula. Ngenxa yecala eliyingqayizivele, i-carnation iyoba yindlela enhle kakhulu yokudala amaphephethi emhlabathini kanye nemifula ekhanyayo. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, lezi zitshalo zingashintsha intshani evamile, futhi zihlangene nezitshalo ze-coniferous kanye nama-roses zizokwenza indawo ehlelekile ekhaya.
Ukukhula ekhaya
Imbali echazwe ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo esidinga ngokweqile, ngakho-ke ingakhula kokubili ezindaweni ezivulekile nasendlini yokushisa yasekhaya, into eyinhloko ukuhambisana nezimo ezithile ezikhulayo, ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanelekile kwe-carnation.
Cabanga ngeminye imininingwane yokunakekela ama-clove akhiwe.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Okokuqala, nquma ukuthi ufuna ukukhulisa imbali: ukuhlobisa indlu yakho noma ukuhlobisa ingadi. Kulokhu kuncike endleleni yokutshala izimpawu kanye nemibandela yokulima kwayo. Esikhathini sokuqala, uzodinga izimbiza ezingamamitha angu-30 nendawo eyanele yokubekwa kwazo, kanye nezimo ezifanele zokushisa - cishe + 18 ... 20 ° C (ngenkathi ebandayo, lezi zindaluko zingase zibe ngaphansi). Lapho befika endaweni evulekile, ukukhanya kahle kwesayithi, ukuzala kwenhlabathi kanye namanzi kuyabhekwa. I-Cirrus carnation ithanda ukukhanya kakhulu, kodwa ayikubekezeli ukukhukhula kwama-rhizomes.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
I-substrate ekahle yesitshalo echazwe kuyoba yingxube yensimu enesihlabathi kanye ne-loamy ngokufaka ama-humus nesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikwazi ukungazinaki i-acidity ye-substrate, okufanele ingathathi hlangothi. Emasimini acidic, i-clove yezimpaphe ikhula kabi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba itshalwe, i-peat nesihlabathi ziyenezelwa, futhi uma kunesidingo, le ngxube ifakwe ngefulawa le-dolomite.
Ukuze ucebise inhlabathi futhi ukondle izitshalo, sebenzisa imifino ephilayo: utshani, amajuba ama-droppings, ama-droppings ama-Florex ama-granulated ama-droppings, i-bone meal, i-fish meal, i-whey, ama-mbatata ikhasi, umquba, ama-eggshell, umquba we-banana kanye nokuthuza ugwayi.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Emoyeni esomile, izitshalo ziphuziswa kanye ngesonto, kodwa uma ngalesi sikhathi ngisho nesilinganiso esincane semvula sewile, kungcono ukuthi ungathinti imbali. Ukwehlisa umhlabathi kanye nomswakama ophezulu we-clove awukhuthazi, okungavame ukulimaza ngisho nokufa esikhathini esiyizinsuku. Ngesizathu esifanayo, kufanelekile ukugwema umswakama oqhubekayo esakhiweni, futhi uma kunesidingo, kuyadingeka ukuba uhleleke ngokushesha uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi.
Zijwayeze ngezinzuzo zokusebenzisa ukuchelela kokunisela, futhi ufunde indlela yokuhlela uhlelo lokunisela ukuchelela e-dacha.
Ukuzala
Izinhlobo ze-Cirrus zingasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana, phakathi naleso siphi isitshalo ngasinye esizikhethela kakhulu. Omunye umuntu kulula ukukhula kumbewu, othile uthanda ukusebenzisa indlela yokuxhunyelelwa, futhi abalimi bonke baphumelela ekuhlukaneni kwehlathi.
Imbewu
Imbewu yama-clove ihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi, kodwa emva kokushisa okuhle komhlabathi. Phakathi kwezithombo ezingomakhelwane ngokuvamile zihamba ngamasentimitha ambalwa esikhala samahhala, nangemva kokuhluma ukuhluma. 
Ukuqothulwa kwe-Seeding
Ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukuhlala ngokushesha embhede, ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu kuqala izithombo, futhi kamuva uzihambise endaweni ekhethiwe (lapho izithombo zinamahlumela aqinile, kuzoba lula ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nezimo ezimbi zemvelo). Inqubo yokuhlwanyela ukutshala izinto ezimweni zamakamelo kwenzeka kulezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
- Lungisa ingxube ye-turf land, i-peat kanye nesihlabathi somfula (1: 1: 1) futhi uyisakaze phakathi kwamathangi okulungela ukufika.
- Nciphisa kancane umhlabathi ngamanzi, vumela ukuthi amanzi angene ngaphakathi, ahlwanyele imbewu, ejule ngaphakathi kwe-substrate 1-2 cm.
- Fafaza izithombo ngendwangu encane yesihlabathi bese umboza amabhokisi ngefilimu.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, amabhokisi kumele afakwe egumbini elinokushisa okungenani + 18 ° C, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela amancane ehlwitha, kuzodingeka adluliselwe ekamelweni elipholile elinokushisa kwe-12 ° C. Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, kufanele kube okuningi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka uqedele ukukhanyisa izitshalo zakho nge-fitolampa.
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukubeka izithombo ekukhanyeni, kuzodingeka unciphise ukuchelela ukuze ungaqhubeki ukugula okunjalo okungajabulisi njengomlenze omnyama. Inyanga eyodwa emva kokuhlwanyela ukubola embiza, izitshalo ezincane zizodinga ukuba zihanjiswe ezigodini ezinkulu (ukudonsa), kodwa kuphela ngaphandle kokujula ikolera lempande enhlabathini. Kamuva, lapho isimo sezulu sishisa ngaphandle, izitshalo ezikhulile zitshalwe endaweni ekhethiwe (lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaMeyi).
Kubalulekile! Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angu-4-5 weqiniso ehlathini elincane, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphonse iphuzu lokukhula.
Uma ubhala ama-carnations amancane esakhiweni, kubalulekile ukunamathela ohlelweni oluhle, okwalesi simo luhlinzekela isikhala esingamamitha angu-35 (ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izitshalo zizothola amaqabunga amancane neziqu, ukudala ikhabethe elihle lokuphila). Ukuqhakaza okugcwele kungalindelwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-1-2 kuphela.
Vegetative
Uma nganoma yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kwezinzalo kungabonakali kuyindlela enhle ngawe, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuhlanza ukukhwabanisa kwamapayipi esiqhingini sakho ngokusika noma ukwahlukanisa i-rhizome. Ukuhlanganiswa kunceda ukugcina izici ze-varietal zezimbali futhi akunzima ukwenza njengoba kungase kubonakale ngokushesha. I-cuttings itholakala kumahlumela angenawo izimbali ngokwawo, kodwa ngama-2-3 ama-knots nangama-4-10 cm ubude. 
Ama-clove asetshenziswe ngokudla
Wonke "izinti" eziqoshiwe kufanele zijule ngaphakathi kwesitsha nesanti ngamamentimitha ambalwa futhi zimboze ngefilimu phezulu. Lapho nje ama-cuttings enesimiso sezimpande zawo, angathuthelwa endaweni ekhethiwe engadini noma ngakwesobunxele kuze kufike entwasahlobo, kepha ekushiseni akuphansi kwe + 15 ° C. Esikhathini sokuqala, kungenzeka ukuba uqhubeke nokutshala ekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi emva kokubanda kwasebusika, ama-cuttings atshalwe kuphela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Indlela yesibili yokusakazwa kwemifino yezinhlamba kuhilela ukuhlukanisa isihlahla samasimu okukhula okusheshayo ngezinqubo eziningi. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi kule nqubo: i-shrub ekhethiwe iqoqwe ngokucophelela emhlabathini futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, kodwa ukuze uhlelo lwempande lugcinwe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ingxenye ngayinye yezingxenye ezamukelwe zafika endaweni ehlukile. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise le ndlela yokuzalanisa ekuqaleni kokukhula kwe-carnation, okungukuthi, entwasahlobo noma ekupheleni kwehlobo.
Ividiyo: ukutshala izimpaphe ze-clove
Uhlobo lokushisa
Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, i-pinnate carnation iyoba isitshalo esinamagqabhagqabha esingafuni nendawo yokuhlala ngisho nasebusika obunzima. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho namazinga okushisa ebusika angaphezu kuka-30 ° C, abalimi kufanele banakekele indawo yokuhlala engaphezulu ezosiza ukugcina izimbali (ikakhulukazi abasha) kuze kube ngonyaka ozayo.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Ukukhulisa imbali ehlongozwayo akufanele kube nzima kakhulu, ngisho nakumalimi we-novice, kodwa amanye ama-nuances enqubo ayadingeka ukwazi. Isibonelo, i-carnation ayithandi ukudlula inhlabathi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhipha noma yikuphi ukukhukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqaphele ukuhlwanyelwa kwemifula, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka izinhlanzi ezincane. Kulesi simo, zama ukukhipha izithombo ngokwazo futhi ungalimazi uhlelo lwawo lwempande, ngoba esikhathini esizayo ngeke ziqede.
Ukudala izinkinga ezithile nokuphulwa kwezinga lokushisa uma utshala izimbali. Zombili izitshalo nezitshalo ezincane embhede wombala angeke zibekezeleleke kahle ngamaconsi abukhali ekushiseni, ngakho-ke kuyafaneleka ukukhetha ngokucophelela isikhathi sokuphuma noma uqaphele ngokugcina izimo zokushisa ekhaya. 
Uyazi? Amagundane ama-clove angadliwa, futhi ngenxa yesinambitheka esiphundu, angakwazi ukukhonza njengokwengeza okuhle ku-confectionery. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izilwane ezifuywayo imifino enobuthi, ngakho-ke iyakhula kuphela ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kubo.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Izifo nezinambuzane kungaba yinkinga enkulu lapho ukhula ama-clove, nakuba izinhlobonhlobo zezimpaphe ziphikisana nazo kunamanye ama-clove. Izifo ezivame kakhulu zibandakanya i-fusarium (isifo se-fungal esithinta sonke isitshalo futhi ngenxa yokungena ngokweqile ohlelweni lwempande) nokugqwala (omunye umphumela we-over-wetting inhlabathi).
Uma ufuna ukuthi izidakamizwa zakho zibe nempilo enhle futhi zihle, funda indlela yokubhekana nezifo nezinambuzane zemidwebo.
Esikhathini sokuqala, izimpawu ezisemqoka zalesi sifo zibopha ingxenye yesigamu eduze kwempande, ukuphuza nokuphunga amaqabunga amaqabunga, kuyilapho okwesibili kukhona ukuvuvukala kwamaqabunga nokufa okuphelele kwesitshalo. Ukuze ulondoloze isilwane sakho esiluhlaza kusuka kulezi zinkinga, ekuboniseni kuqala kokuthandana kubalulekile ukuphatha isitshalo ngamalungiselelo akhethekile e-fungicidal okulula ukuthola ekudayiseni (isibonelo, Bordeaux liquid, Acrobat, Ditan, njll). Esikhundleni sezinyathelo zokuvimbela isenzo se-foilar sika-0.5% se-saltpeter. 
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, izinambuzane ze-carnations ziyi-earwigs, amabhere, nezimbungu, ezilimaza zonke izingxenye: iziqu, amaqabunga nezimbali. Indlela yokulawula ixhomeke kuhlobo lwezinambuzane:
- Lapho ibhere lihlasela ekwindla, kunconywa ukuba uhlele umgodi omncane, ugcwalise umquba kuwo bese uwumboza ngefilimu ukuze zonke izinambuzane zigibele ekubusika ngqo kule ndawo. Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, isiphephelo sabo sivula futhi sibhubhise bonke abakhileyo kuwo. Uma ungafuni ukulinda, ungamane uthule isisombululo sesephu namanzi emigodini yazo.
- Uma lezi zibopho zitholakale ezihlotsheni, khona-ke utshani obumanzi buzokwenza ekwakhiweni kwezicupho: bathanda ukufihla kuwo kusukela ekushiseni ehlobo. Isimiso sokusebenza sale ndlela sifana naleso sangaphambilini.
- Uma kwenzeka izilonda ze-spider mite, zonke izitshalo kumele ziphathwe ngama-insecticide (isibonelo, "Aktelik") noma zisebenzise enye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu zokwelashwa: isixazululo se-anyanisi, ukumnika igalikhi noma ugwayi, kubalwa ku-10 g ngalinye ngamanzi angu-5 l.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunoma yiliphi lalezi zimo, ungasebenzisa ama-insecticidal amalungiselelo athengwe esitolo sokulima.
Njengoba ubona, ukukhwabanisa kwe-feathery kufanele ngempela ukunakekelwa, ngoba akuyona nje inhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi kuyinhlonipho ekunakekeleni kwayo, okusho ukuthi ngezindleko ezingaphansi komzimba ungathola into ehle kakhulu yokuhlobisa engadini yakho.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi mayelana nama-clove
U-Elfi, lezi zithombe zidinga umehluko omkhulu futhi ophawulekayo ekushiseni ebusuku nasebusuku, okuyinto enzima ukuyenza ekhaya. Yondla isisombululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo obunzima futhi ungadli, okuyingozi kakhulu. Isimo sizothuthuka emva kokufakelwa kwezithombo zibe semhlabathini, ngikuqinisekisa :)
