Ama-maslata athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqoqi be-mushroom. In dish dish, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu amakhowe ezidliwayo, kukhona cishe izinhlobo amane. Kodwa akuzona zonke ezingadliwa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthole ukuthi amakhowe awusizo yini nokuthi yiziphi okufanele zilahlwe.
Incazelo jikelele yamafutha
I-maslata yi-mushroom ethanda ukukhanya ekhula emahlathini okuthiwa yi-coniferous noma e-coniferous-aciduous. Zitholakala emaphethelweni emifula, eceleni komgwaqo wemigwaqo. Amakhowe abizwa ngokuthi ama-boletus ngesizathu sokuthi une-cap elula efana ne-oily consistency.
Amakati aphethwe yi-convex noma flat, smooth, sticky noma mucous. Isikhumba sabo singasuswa kalula. Imilenze iqinile, ilula noma i-grainy, iza nezindandatho. Inyama emhlophe ephuzi noma ephuzi ngemuva kokusika emhlabathini ukushintsha umbala obomvu noma obomvu. I-spore yomkhiqizo powder iza kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-shades eziphuzi.
Umzimba wesithelo uvuthwa ekuqaleni kukaMe futhi ukhula kuze kube nguNovemba. Abaqoqi bezimushini baqala ukuqoqa ngokugcwele ekupheleni kwehlobo. Umkhiqizo oqoqiwe udliwe othosiwe, obilisiwe, oqoshiwe, omisiwe noma osawoti. I-peel ihlanzwa ukuze ibe nokunambitheka okuncane, ama-caps ahlale ekhanya, futhi i-marinade ayimnyama. 
Kubalulekile! Khumbula ukuthi i-boletus iguzwa isikhathi eside futhi ingase ingabonakali, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulahla lokhukudla uma unesifo segciwane lesisu.
Indlela yokuqaphela amathumba amanga: imithetho eyisisekelo
Indlela elula yokubona amakhowe amanga, ebheka ukubukeka kwawo, njenge-boletus ewusizo futhi enobuthi inemibono embalwa, evezwe ngezansi:
- ku amakhowe adlawayo, ubuso obunamafutha abukeka sengathi kukhona isiponji esiphundu sombala omnyama ophuzi;
- Izansi zezingubo zokuphepha zigcwele ifilimu emhlophe. Uma i-mushroom ikhula, ilula futhi iba njengomkhonto onomphetho;
- Amakhowe amanga anesakhiwo esibucayi sesisindo, esibhujiswa ngamandla;
- izibhamu ezinobuthi zinokubukeka okubuhlungu, okungenakubukeka kahle, zidwetshwe nge-violet noma imibala eluhlaza, kuyilapho izidlo ezivuthiwe zivame ukukhanya futhi zikhazimule, zikhululekile, ziphunga elimnandi;
- amafutha amanga anama-caps aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngaphansi kwawo amacwecwe aqhakazile avela ngokucacile. Esimeni ungabona i ringlet elibomvu noma i-lilac elima ngokushesha futhi liphela.
Yimaphi ama-bolettes adlekayo afana nawo (izinhlobo ezidumile)
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zamafutha adleziwe anezici zangaphandle ezikhethekile ezisiza ukuhlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo. Bazosiza ekutholeni amakhowe adlekayo.
Grey
I-butterfly eyi-grey ububanzi buyi-8 cm. Naphezu kokubizwa kwayo, i-fungus i-gray-white, i-yellow-olive, i-red-grey. Uma uthinta amafutha angakwazi, ungase uzwe ukuqina kwamanzi nezilinganiso ezincane. I-peel kulula ukucubungula. Ezinhlungwini ze-fungus spores zinemibala eluhlaza.
Umlenze webhanta enjalo unzima, ophuzi, nxazonke kukhona indandatho. Inyama imhlophe, kodwa ngemva kokushiswa kutholakala isicu se-bluish. Ukunambitha kuyamnandi, iphunga - ngaphandle kokungcola okuqondile. Loluhlobo lwe-boom lukhula kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Kunconywa ukuba udle ama-marinated. 
Isitsha sebhotela elimhlophe
Okumhlophe, okuphaphathekile noma okunethezeka - lawa ngamagama amathathu afanayo amagama ohlobo lwesibili oluthile. Ikhula emahlathini omabili kanye nama-coniferous kanye nama-plantings. Ukukhula ngamaqembu noma ngezingoma. Kubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo olunqabile lwamakhowe.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungayahlukanisa kanjani izinhlanzi ezidliwayo, ama-honey agarics, ama-chanterelles avela kwamanga.
Ama-caps ama-spherical noma ama-convex avame ukufana no-10 cm ububanzi. Isigqoko sithobekile noma sidonsa. Ubuso be-fungus bubushelelezi, futhi ngesikhathi semvula iba yinkimbinkimbi.
I-white-yellow yellow ine-texture elula futhi enomsoco. Kungenzeka uthole ukuphuma okubomvu. Izembatho zimhlophe, zifinyelele ku-9 cm high. Ziguqukile, ngaphandle kwendandatho. Ukukhula komzimba kwenzeka kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuNovemba. Abaqoqi be-mushroom abahlangenwe nakho batusa ukuqoqa ama-boletus amhlophe ngamancane. Njengoba ziba ngokushesha, zifanele zilungele ngokushesha ngemva kokuqoqwa. 
Ejwayelekile (ekupheleni kwesikhathi)
Ama-bolette ajwayelekile nawo abizwa ngokuthi sekwephuzile, okwesibhakabhaka, okwangempela, noma ekwindla. Ziyakhula emahlathini amancane asePine, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zibonakala ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma ama-oki.
Abadingi indawo yokuhlala enelanga, ngakho-ke bayakufanelekela futhi banqenqemeni wehlathi, kanye ne-curb. Uthando oluvamile ukufihla ku-conifer izinaliti namaqabunga. Ukusinda okuhle kakhulu emhlabathini ngephesenti enkulu yesihlabathi. Amaduze angasakhula.
Izigqoko ezibomvu ezizungezayo ziqondile futhi zine-flat-convex ngobudala. Zihamba kahle futhi zimbozwa ngezinto ezinamanzi. I-white-yellow yenyama ibonakala ngesakhiwo esinobukhulu, esithambile nesinyama. 
I-bhoteladi evamile ine-stem encane engcolile-ephuzi ama-5 cm ubude ngendlela yesilinda. Ikhula ngoJulayi futhi iphakama kuze kube seqhwa lokuqala. Izithelo ekushiseni kwe +15 ... +20 ° C. Uthanda ukukhula ngamaqembu eduze kwama-chanterelles, amakhowe amhlophe, i-syroezhek. Ehlobo it hit by izibungu nezinambuzane. Okumnandi kakhulu kuncane.
Uyazi? AmaBrazil, amaJapane nabase-Afrika abanalo isiko lokukhetha amakhowe.
I-Grainy (ehlobo)
Amahlumela amancane, ehlobo noma e-oliva asekuqaleni akhula emahlathini asephayini, ukutshala okuncane, ukuhlanza, ama-glades noma emaphethelweni enhlabathi enhlabathi noma e-limestone.
Iphuzu le-round-convex le-fungus le-granular lingamamitha ayi-10 ububanzi. Isikhumba singaba sephuzi noma sibomvu, futhi ngemva kokuba imvula ingase isabe. Cishe akukho iphunga. 
I-grainy ayikho indandatho emlenzeni. I-latter isakhiwo se-silinda elibushelelezi ngezinhlamvu. Ukuphakama kwalo kufaka kusuka ku-6 ukuya ku-8 cm. Inyama emhlophe enezinyosi iyinambitha kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. I-Grainy ikhula ezindaweni eziningi zamafutha eduze kwasekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kufike amaqhwa kuqala.
Seluleka ukuba ufunde mayelana nokomisa amakhowe ama-oyster, ama-pickle chanterelles nobisi amakhowe, ufeze amakhowe, amakhowe asendle, ama-chanterelles, amakhowe ama-oyster namakhowe amhlophe.
Marshland
I-butterh i-Marsh ikhula e-pine enomkhumbi noma emahlathini amancane emasimini. Isikhwama se-convex singamamitha angu-7 ububanzi futhi sinendawo ebomvu. I-pulp enombala obomvu igcwalisa iphunga elimnandi. I-fungus ibambe izinhlamvu eziphuzi eside.
Imilenze yamanzi we-swamp ingaba nesimo se-cylindrical, esincane, cishe u-6 cm ukuphakama. I-ringish Whitish ngaphansi kwesigqoko iba nsundu noma eluhlaza. Eduzane ne-ring the pulp ihlanganiswe nezikali, ilulaza, ne-amakhowe amnandi iphunga. 
Ama-boars anjalo akhula ngamaqembu. Ngokuvamile, ziqoqwe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla, kuyilapho zifudumele. Amafutha e-Marsh angasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kuyinto ehlwabusayo kakhulu futhi ephezulu khalori.
Umsedari
I-Cedar maslati ikhula eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Khula emahlathini lapho kukhona khona imisedari, eduze kwe-moss emathafeni aseningizimu. Ububanzi bephezulu buphakathi no-10 cm. Ukuma kufana nebhola emaphethelweni ombala obomvu oboshiwe phakathi.
Thola ulwazi olwengeziwe oluwusizo mayelana nalawo amakhowe njenge-govorushki, ama-morels, amagagasi, iminwe kadayini, izikhumba, ama-greenfinchs, amakhowe ase-aspen, amakhowe amnyama nama-aspen, ama-podgruzdki amhlophe, mokryukha, amasundu kanye nesikebhe.
I-pulp inesakhiwo esibucayi. Iphuzu lokusika liba orange emva kwesikhashana. Iphunga njengezinaliti zomsedari. Lezi zinhlobo zithumela uketshezi olumayelana nama-pores eduze ne-cap, ngakho igama lakhe lisasondela.
Imilenze yemisedari inokuphakama kwe-10 cm. Ukubukeka kwabo kufana ne-cylinder ehlanganiswe "imbewu". Lezi zinhlobo ziphuzi eliphuzi noma eliphuzi elikhanyayo. Ungaziqoqa ehlobo nasekwindla, njengoba zithela izithelo ngezigaba. 
Bellini
I-Bellini ihlala phakathi kwezihlahla ze-coniferous, kanye nasemaphethelweni nasekutshalweni okuncane. Okuhle kunawo wonke izithelo ezakhiweni zamatshe. Phuma kulo lonke ihlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla. Kungakhula yedwa noma izicucu eziyishumi eziseduze. Ububanzi be-cap ngu-12 cm, enesimo se-semicircular, phakathi nendawo-ecindezelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi ukhilimu noma umbala obomvu.
Inyama kunzima ukuyiqeda kusuka phezulu. Imilenze inkulu futhi iyifushane (cishe ngo-6 cm), inamathele, ngaphandle kwamasongo, ehlanganiswe neziqu. Ukudla kusetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. Efaniswa ngephunga le-mushroom iphunga nesinambitheka esiphundu.
Uyazi? Amakhowe ngamunye angama-90% ketshezi.
Sincoma ukufunda mayelana nokuthi amakhowe adle futhi anobuthi abonakala kanjani emithini abukeka kanjani, ukuthi ungabheka kanjani amakhowe ukuze aqiniseke usebenzisa izindlela zendabuko, nokuthi yiziphi amakhowe ezinobuthi.
Kuboshwe
Amabhontshisi aqoshiwe abizwa nangokuthi i-chestnut. Zakhula ikakhulukazi ehlathini elimnyama noma epaki, e-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika. I-mushroom eboshiwe ibhekwe ishidi elikhulu lobubanzi obuyi-10 cm, umbala obomvu we-chestnut. Inyama ephuzi inesakhiwo esinamafutha.
Imilenze ye-cylindrical ifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-12 cm. Inyama inezinhlobo ezibomvu nama-flakes. Ukuboshwa kukhula ngamaqembu amancane. Iqala ukuthela izithelo ngoJulayi futhi iphele ngo-Okthoba. 
Uyazi? IPlasmodium iyaziwa eRussian Federation, okungukuthi, i-mushroom ehamba yodwa. Ngomzuzu owodwa "angadlula" isigamu semilimitha.
I-Trident
I-Tridentsky iyi-mushroom engabonakali kakhulu, etholakala ezintabeni ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-coniferous kumhlabathi wokubala. Iphezulu ingu-8 kuya ku-15 cm ububanzi, i-semicircular in shape kanye ne-reflux ephuzi ne-orange. Ifilimu encane ixhuma intambo kuya enyaweni. Umkhiqizo ugcwele izikali ezinomthunzi obomvu we-fiber.
Ngokuqondene nemilenze, ibomvu ngesimo se-cylinder, inyama, 11 cm ukuphakama. Ukukhula okusebenzayo kubonakala kusukela ephakathi kwehlobo kuze ku-Okthoba. Ukudla kusetshenziswa emafomu ahlukene. 
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezingekho emthethweni zamafutha
Amafutha enobuthi angase asungulwe, ecabangele izici zawo zangaphandle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuzijwayeza ngencazelo yamafutha amanga, ukuhlukanisa okuwusizo okulimazayo.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda ngendlela yokukhulisa ama-mushroom ama-oyster, amakhowe, amakhowe kanye ne-truffle emnyama ekhaya lakho.
Okubomvu okomvu
I-brown-brown - ibhotela, okuyinto emva kokuphula noma ukusika isiqephu iba blue. Ikhula kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Uthanda marshlands egcwele izihlahla ze-coniferous. Ububanzi bephezulu bufinyelela ku-15 cm. 
I-peel ebusweni iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinamazinga asundu, ayikhanyisi. Umlenze ubonakala ngobuningi, umbala ophuzi-ophuzi obunombala obomvu, umumo wesilinda. Okuphawulekayo ukungabikho kwendandatho emlenzeni. Ukudla lo mkhiqizo akuvumelekile.
IsiSiberia
Ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele kusetshenziswe izinhlobo zeSiberia. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lo muntu uzoba ne-dermatitis. Lolu hlobo lwezithelo emahlathini okuthiwa yi-coniferous, asezindaweni ezincane. Ingaphezulu iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-convex, ineminyaka egcwele amabala obomvu.
I-pulp inesakhiwo esiphuzi, esinomsoco, esingenasiphelo nesinambitha. Uma wenza i-incision, i-mushroom izophenduka ibe nsundu. Umlenze uhlukaniswe ukuvunduka, ukuvinjelwa kanye nezindawo ezincane, okungeyona indaba ngezinhlobo ezidliwayo. Izithelo zivela ehlobo nasekwindla.
Kubalulekile! Ungase uzwe umbono wokuthi ubuthi lungelashwa ngokuphuza utshwala obuqinile. Ososayensi baye baphikisana nalesi sizathu, ngoba izinto ezinobuthi ezinobuthi ziqala ukungena emzimbeni kabili ngokushesha.
I-mokrukha ngesihlahla sase-spruce
Umuntu omusha angase adideke yi-british ne-fir emanzi. Ikhula ngesikhathi sehlobo nasekwindla emahlathini ase-coniferous-aciduous. Kodwa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuthola. Ingaphezulu kombala wayo ompunga, u-mucous. Umzimba wesithelo - i-tubular, i-lamellar.
Thola ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuhlanza amafutha nokuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle, yiziphi izinhlobo zamafutha nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani emithi.
I-Mokruha imhlophe ngombala, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ithola imvula emnyama. Ngezansi kwe-cap kukhona ifilimu eba yisitiketi. Yingakho abaqoqi be-mushroom bathatha u-spruce omanzi ngamafutha. 
Usizo lokuqala lwe-poisoning yamafutha
Umuntu odle amakhowe anobuthi ahlanza ukuhlanza nokuhuda. Ufuna ukuphulukiswa ngokuphuthumayo isisindo sokugcoba, ugcobe umgudu wokugaya ngokuthatha amalitha amabili amanzi bese ucindezela ngemuva kolimi (ukwenza ukuhlanza).
Ukugeza kungabuye kwenziwe ngokusungula amakristali e-potassium permanganate emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kutholakale umbala obomvu. Isisulu kumele siyiphuze futhi senze i-refag gag.
Ngokushesha lapho izimpawu zitholakala, sebenzisa ama-absorbents: i-activated carbon, Enterosgel noma i-Smecta. Ithimba elinamandla elinoshukela noma amanzi angelona amakhadi azosiza.
Kubalulekile! Kunoma yikuphi, uma ubuthiwa amakhowe, udinga ukuya kudokotela noma ushayele i-ambulensi. Uzobhekwa ngumuntu onobuthi ozokwelapha ozobeka ukwelashwa okhethekile.
Ividiyo: okufanele ukwenze uma ubuthi be-mushroom
Ngenxa yephesenti eliphezulu yokufaniswa kwamakhowe adle futhi anobuthi, kufanelekile ukunaka kabili lapho kuqoqwa lo mkhiqizo. Uma ungenayo i-100% isiqiniseko sokuthi isifungo sebhotela esitholakalayo, ungalimazi impilo yakho kanye nempilo yabathandekayo bakho.
