Ubuchwepheshe kanye nemithetho yokunciphisa ukubunjwa kwamahlathi e-blackberry

I-Blackberry iyisihlobo esiseduze sokusajingijolo. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kwehlathini kwenziwa ngesimiso esifanayo. Ukusika izihlahla ze-Blackberry, njenge-raspberries, kulula, kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Cabanga ngamasu alula okunciphisa izihlahla ze-blackberry.

Okuqukethwe:

• Ukunciphisa ama-schemes
• Isikhathi sokunciphisa
• Indlela yokwakhiwa kwesihlahla
• Entwasahlobo
• Ekwindla

Yini edingekayo

Nakuba i-blackberry iyisitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside, amagatsha awo ayi-biennial. Banikeza izithelo ngomnyaka wesibili nonyaka owodwa kuphela. Kudingekile ukusika wonke amagatsha amadala namasha. Izizathu zokusika izihlahla zilandelayo:

• emva kokuhluma, amagatsha abe yize. Kudingeka zisuswe ezihlahleni ukuze zingasusi izakhi ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni abasha;
• izihlahla ezinqunywe ekwindla zibekezelela amaqhwa kangcono: ilanga liwela ngokukhululekile phakathi kwawo, kulula ukumboza ebusika;
• Amagatsha amadala enza isihlahla sinyene kakhulu, esiyinkimbinkimbi yokuvuna;
• uma zingasusiwe ekwindla, bese kuthi inkathi ezayo amajikijolo ayoba okuncane nokuvuthwa isikhathi eside;
• ukunciphisa amahlumela abasha kusiza ukunakekelwa, kushukumisa izimbali futhi kwande isivuno;
• Amaqebelengwane anesibindi, abuthakathaka nezinambuzane angeke akhiphe isitshalo, kumele asuswe.

Uyazi? I-blackberry iboniswe ngo-1964 izitembu zokuthunyelwa kweSoviet.

Ukunciphisa ama-schemes

Zonke izinhlobonhlobo ze-blackberry zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: ngokuqondile futhi ngezinhlanzi ziqukethe. Indlela ama-stalks akhiwa ngayo kuncike ekutheni iziqu zikhula kanjani.

1. Indlela yama Fan (ngokuqondile) efanelekayo kumamaki alungile. Amagatsha wonyaka odlule agxilwe phezu kwe-trellis, futhi amahlumela amancane, njengoba ekhula, ahlanganiswe ngokuqondile kuya ezintambo eziphansi. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka ngesimo somfana. Ilungiselelo elinjalo lenza kwenzeke ekwindla ukululaza kalula amagatsha amadala phakathi nendawo empandeni. Futhi isikhumba esincane sesivele sijwayele ukusigoba eduze komhlabathi futhi sikumboze ebusika nge-agrofibre, izikhwama zeplastiki noma utshani. Emagatsheni asempumalanga agxotshiwe akhululiwe kusuka endaweni yokukhosela. Khetha okuqine kakhulu (8-10 izingcezu), kanti konke okususiwe kususwe ngokuphelele. Lapho kwesobunxele buqala ukufudumala futhi buguquguquke, buhlelwe ngokuqondile.
2. Indlela yezintambo (enezingqimba) kusebenza ezinhlobonhlobo ezinwabuzelayo. Amagatsha awo ahlala isikhathi eside futhi eguquguqukayo. Amagatsha angaphezu kwama-overwintering agxuma inxeba ngecingo ngakolunye uhlangothi. Benza into efanayo ngokukhulela amahlumela amancane, kuphela ahlanganiswe kuwo kusukela kolunye uhlangothi. Ebeleni, ama-otter beetles aqedwa ngokuphelele. Ukukhula okuncane kukhululiwe, amagatsha amahle kakhulu akhethiwe, kanti ababuthakathaka basuswa. Amaqebelengwane asele afakwa kahle emgodini olungiselelwe futhi agcwele izinto ezifanele zokubusika. Ngalesi sakhiwo, ubude bemivimbo nemikhakha ayiyisivimbelo.

Kubalulekile! Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela esetshenzisiwe, kungcono ukuhlukanisa amagatsha amancane namadala uma enza. Isiza ukusika nokunakekelwa..

Isihlahla sase-Blackberry siqala ngomjikelezo weminyaka emibili. Kuncike eminyakeni yobudala bamagatsha, basika noma baphonsa phezulu.

1. Ngonyaka wokuqalalapho ihlumela likhula kuphela futhi liba namandla, ekupheleni kukaMeyi baqede ithiphu layo ngo-5-7 cm. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezinqubo ze-lateral, lapho amajikijolo azoboshwa khona ngonyaka ozayo. Abanye balimi benza insipho yesibili phakathi kwehlobo, lapho isiqu sifinyelela ku-0.9-1 m.
2. Ngonyaka wesibilingemuva kokuqhakaza okugcwele ekuqaleni kwetwasahlobo, ngokuvamile bavuna amahlumela, bafinyelele ku-40 cm.

Ukuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo eziqondile kuqhutshwa ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwamagatsha ohlangothini nokwandisa isivuno. Izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo azidingeki ngalesi sidingo. Zihlonywa kuphela ukuze zifinyeze imivini ekhula ibe m 10 noma ngaphezulu. Amaqebelengwane amade kakhulu ancindezela ukusika izikwindla kanye nendawo yokukhosela ebusika.

Uyazi? Ukukholelwa enkolweni yaseBrithani akuqoqi futhi angadli ama-blackberries emva kuka-Okthoba 11, ukuze bangangcolisi, ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi ngalolu suku uDeveli ngokwakhe ukhuluma ngaleli berry.

Isikhathi sokunciphisa

Ukudubula kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka:

1. Ekwindla (kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, inyanga ngaphambi kweqhwa), izitshalo ezizala izitshalo zisuswa, futhi amahlumela amasha kakhulu amancane afinyelelwe ku-1.5-2 m.
2. Entwasahlobo (emva kokuphela kwama-frosts ebusuku) izihlahla ezihlanzekile zenziwa, okungukuthi, ukususwa kwemivimbo emisiwe namacebiso omile.

Indlela yokwakhiwa kwesihlahla

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusika izihlahla ze-blackberry ngokufanele, ngoba izinga nokulingana kwesitshalo kuncike kulo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungesabi ukusika amagatsha engeziwe. Kungcono ukuthi isitshalo sibe "uketshezi" kunalokho okungafani nalokho. Isihlahla esinamandla kakhulu sizothola isivuno esincane, amajikijolo ayoba amancane, futhi kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukuwaqoqa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nama-nuances wokunakekelwa kwe-blackberry Chester Thornless, Black Satin, Giant, Ruben, Thornfrey.

Entwasahlobo

Inqubo yokusika izihlahla kufanele ifakwe uma sekuyisikhathi samaqhwa, kanti ebusuku ubusika bungaphezulu kwezinga. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje:

• izihlahla zihlolwe ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi amagatsha aphelile ngempumelelo futhi aphelile. Isibhamu esinempilo esiqinile, esibomvu nokukhanya. Amagatsha afile amnyama futhi aphukile kalula;
• labo abasinda ebusika baphonswa ngekhanda elibukhali, abagulayo, abathintekayo izinambuzane, kanye namahlumela endala asele kusukela ekuwa. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe 1-2 cm ngezansi kwezinga lomhlabathi, kungashiyi lutho;
• amahlumela asolisayo futhi angabazayo ahle kakhulu;
• uma lezi ziqongweni ziqhwa futhi zomile iziqongonga, kufanele ziqedwe;
• iziqephu ezinamandla kunazo zonke ezingu-5-7 ezikhethiwe kusuka eziqubeni ezisinda, zonke ezinye zisuswa ngaphansi komsuka;
• Umqhele uvela emagatsheni asele, ahlanganiswe ne-trellis.

Funda indlela yokutshala, ukusika, ukwelapha, ukuvikela i-blackberry kusuka ezinambuzane.

Ekwindla

Ukwehla kwe-autumn kulungiselela izitshalo ebusika. Kumele kuqalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kwe-fruiting:

• lezo ezishayelwe izitshalo zonyaka odlule zikhishwa nge-secateur ngaphansi kwempande, zingashiyi lutho;
• ngendlela efanayo, amahlumela amancane aphansi asuswa: amahlumela amancane namancane amonakaliswe ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane;
• I-8-10 yamagatsha amancane enempilo ashiywe kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu oyosinda ebusika. Ukuze kube isihlahla esivamile, ama-5-7 neziqu anele;
• amahlumela ashiyiwe anciphise yi-1/4. Isihlahla sesilungele indawo yokuhlala yasebusika;
• Amakghono wokulungisa alula kakhulu ukulungiselela ubusika: wonke amagatsha ahlukaniswe ngezansi. Ukumboza kudinga kuphela izimpande.

Kubalulekile! Ukunciphisa ama-stalks, awukwazi ukushiya inhlanzi: angakwazi ukuxazulula izinambuzane eziyingozi, noma ziyoba indawo yokuzalisa izifo.

Ividiyo: indlela yokunciphisa i-blackberry

Funda ngezingenangqondo, ukulungiswa, amaqabunga ebusika, izinhlobo ezintsha ze-ubhijijolo.

Njengoba ungabona, inqubo yokusika i-blackberry ayiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kunokudla isikhathi. Ngokusebenzisa amathiphu achazwe ngenhla, ungakwazi ukunciphisa ukunakekelwa nokwandisa isivuno sensimu yakho ye-bhisikijolo.

Indlela yokwenza i-blackberry: ukubuyekezwa