Ngaphambi kokubeka i-currant e-dacha, umgadi wensimu wenza ukhetho phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi. Kulokhu, ukhetho lwenziwa ngokubambisana nobusika-obuqinile, obukhiqizayo futhi obumelana nezinambuzane nezifo. Cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 edlule, abalimi bathola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-currants, enezici zonke. Abadali banikeze igama elithi "Pygmy".
Ukuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-black currant "i-Pygmy" yatholwa ngenxa yokukhethwa okuqondiswe ngo-1999, ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili ze-currant: "Bredthorp" ne "Ukuhlelwa kweNjuba". Umsebenzi wokubeletha wenziwa ngumsebenzi we-South Ural Research Institute Ilyin BS
Uyazi? Abalimi bezitshalo bathi ukuduma okuzwakalayo (umculo, izwi) kungathinta ukukhula kwesitshalo. Kunombono ozolalisa umculo omuhle unomthelela ekukhuleni nasezimbali zezitshalo, kanye nemisindo ebukhali ngesitayela sensimbi esindayo - bacindezelwe futhi bamiswa ekukhuleni.
Incazelo kanye nezici
"Pygmy" - ezihlukahlukene ezivuthiwe, nge amajikijolo aphakathi nendawo amakhulu futhi hhayi nezihlahla ezinamandla kakhulu.
Shrub
Izihlahla ze-currant ezimnyama "i-Pygmy" ayithathi isikhala esiningi engadini, njengoba isihlahla singasakazeki. Akunamagatsha amakhulu ase-lateral, ukuphakama kwesitshalo somuntu omdala kufinyelela ku-1.5-2m. Amagatsha amancane, hhayi amagatsha axhumene nalezi zinhlobonhlobo anemibala ebomvu yamahlumela. Amaqabunga "i-Pygmy" enamandla, amakhulu, aqinile kakhulu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ingxenye engenhla yeplate plate is shiny. Amafihlekile akhona emagatsheni ahlelekile ngokuhambisana nomunye nomunye. Izimbali "Pygmy" imperceptible, amaqabunga aphukile nge izimbali ezincane. Ezingxenyeni zemifino yalezi ezihlukahlukene zivela amajikijolo ama-5 kuya ku-12. 
Amajikijolo
Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo aphakathi nendawo enkulu, atholakala esihlahleni eside esiluhlaza. Ubuningi bamajikijolo kusuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-7.5 g. Umbala wesithelo unomnyama, ubuhle. Ukudla kuyinto enhle, iberry elimnandi. Isikhumba sisinyene, hhayi ukujwayela. Amajikijolo ane-flavor flavour.
Uyazi? E-currants engavuthiwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-4 vitamin C ngaphezu kokuvuthiwe.
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
"I-Pygmy" inokuphikisa okuhle izifo nezinambuzane ezinambuzane, kepha kusadingeka ukuthi kunakekelwe futhi kugxilwe kumgadi wensimu. I-Currants idinga isikhathi sokuvikela izifo ngosizo lwezokwelapha ezikhethekile kanye nefomu elifanele.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
I-kidney mite
- Le nkathazo ihlala ezintsheni ze-currants, ubukhona bayo bubangela ukuvuvukala nokuqhubeka nokufa kwezinso.
- Ungakwazi ukulwa nale nkathazo ngokusiza ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ezithathelwanayo ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi.
- Ukucubungula kufanele kwenziwe okwamanje eqhweni, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezinso.
- Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana ne "Nitrafen" (300 g wezidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi) noma isulfure colloidal (100 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
- Ngaphambi kokupuniza, kudingeka uhlwithe izinso izinyosi ezithwalwe yiziphazamisi, zingahlukaniswa kalula kusuka efihlekile enempilo ngokwevolumu - ngokuvamile ziphindwe kabili njengeziphilile. Uma kuneziqu eziningana ezinegciwane egazini, khona-ke igatsha elinjalo lihlukaniswa nomhlathini ngosizo lwe-pruner engadini futhi lithathwe endaweni engadini.
Aphid
- Inkathazo encane ihlala emaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane, idla isitshalo sesitshalo, esenza buthakathaka futhi ibophe ama-currants.
- Kubalulekile ukuqala ukulwa okuvimbela ama-aphid ngisho nangaphambi kokuthi amaqabunga aqedwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza ukukhishwa kwentwasahlobo kusenesikhathi esiphuthumayo ngesisombululo se "Karbofos" (30 g wezidakamizwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi) noma isobho lamanzi (30 g sesephu ngamanzi 1).
- Ngenkathi yokutshala izimila, izicupho zombala ophuzi zifakwa ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-currant, ngesisombululo sesepha namanzi athululelwe kuwo. Akunamabi, bazitusa futhi ngokuthi yi-repeller ye-aphid ehlelwe phansi ngaphansi kwamashidi okudla noma foil ezobuchwepheshe. Ubuhlakani bayo buyabalisa abesifazane balezi zinambuzane.
- Ukuthintwa kakhulu ngamagatsha e-aphid kunqunywa futhi kubhujiswe ngosizo lomlilo.
Idonsa likaMealy
- Lesi sifo sefungal, esinezifo ezigulayo amahlumela amancane, izithelo namaqabunga ahlanganiswe nokuqhakaza okumhlophe.
- Kunzima ukuphulukisa isitshalo esinesifo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okuvamile okuvimbela.
- Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi (ngaphambi kokuphumula kwe-bud) ngosizo lomuthi "iNitrafen". Ukuhlunga izidakamizwa ngamanzi, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele ngokucophelela ukulinganisa okukhonjisiwe ku-abstract.
- Ngemva kwesonto (maphakathi no-Mashi), ukwelashwa kwesibili kwenziwa ngesisombululo se-soap-soda (40 g soda + 40 g yesepha yokuhlanza ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi).
- I-sap-soda sprays iphindaphindwa ngesikhathi sehlobo: ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza futhi kabili ngaphezulu nge-interval of izinsuku ezingu-14.
I-anthracnose ne-septoriosis
- Lesi sifo nesifo se-fungal: ama-spores we-fungus-infathogens, angena endaweni efanelekile, aqale ukuthuthukisa futhi athathe amagatsha aseduze, amaqabunga nezitshalo eziseduze.
- I-anthracnose ibonakala njenge-placer yama-specks omnyama omnyama, kuze kube ngu-1 mm ububanzi, esitholakala emaqabunga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, leli pheshana livuvukala ngama-tubercles ezindaweni lapho kuvela khona ama-anthracnose.
- I-septoriosis idala i-currant ukuba ivele emaqabunga amaqabunga amachashazi noma ama-angular (kuze kufike ku-3 mm), amabala ekuqaleni avele ensundu, kancane kancane indawo yabo ephakathi ikhanya, futhi umngcele we-burgundy ubonakala ekugcineni kwendawo.
- Ukulwa nalezi zifo kungaba kuphela ngokuvimbela.
- Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo, maphakathi no-May (ngaphambi kokuchichima) izihlahla ziphathwa ngesisombululo esisodwa sephesenti sulfate noma i-Bordeaux ingxube.
- Ekwindla, ngaphansi kwezihlahla eziwile phansi, wonke amaqabunga awile aqoqwa futhi ashiswa (noma asuswe ngaphandle kwesayithi). Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze i-fungus ingabi ngaphezu kwe-plantary debris.
Currant Terry
- Lesi sifo sesandulela ngculaza: izihlahla ezithathelwanayo ziguqula umbala wezimbali kusuka ku-lilac elimhlophe kuze kube yi-lilac ephaphathekile, izimpondo zezimbali ezizungezile zibukeka zibukeka njenge-terry ibanga.
- On peduncles onegciwane, cishe isigamu sezimbali ziyawa, angalokothi enze i-ovary. Esikhathini sokukhula, ambalwa amajikijolo alandelayo athatha isimo esibi futhi akhule abe amancane.
- Ukuze uvimbele i-currants ekunqandeni ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amahlumela ahlanjululwa ngesisombululo samanzi kanye ne-Nitrafen yokulungiselela (i-50 g yensiza ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi).
- Isixazululo esinomsoco sulfuridal (50 g wezinto ezinama-5 l amanzi) nakho kufanelekile ekuvimbeleni i-terry.
- Kakade izihlahla ezigulayo ziguqulwe izimpande futhi zisuswe ngaphandle kwensimu, emva kwalokho zifisa ukuzishisa.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ze-currant "i-Pygmy" yile ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezifo ze-fungal (i-anthracnose, i-powdery isikhutha), kodwa umlimi usalokhu ewufanele ukwelashwa okuvimbela izihlahla.
Kubalulekile! Ukwelashwa kwamasimu ngamakhemikhali kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwezitshalo zezimbali, ngaphandle kwalokho, kanye nezinambuzane ezidala umonakalo engadini, kungenzeka ukubhubhisa izinambuzane eziwusizo. Ngemuva kokuzimbali, ukwelapha kuphela kwezinto eziphilayo (izixazululo zikagalikhi, lwesinaphi kanye nepelepele) kuvunyelwe.
I-garlic ikhiphe ukucubungula ama-currant
Izithako:
- 300 g kagalikhi;
- 2 amalitha amanzi.
Indlela yokupheka:
- I-garlic ihlukaniswe ngeziqephu, ihlutshiwe esikhumbeni nasemhlabathini endaweni yokugaya inyama noma ku-blender kuya esimweni se-slurry e-homogeneous.
- Isitsha esinevolumu okungenani amalitha angu-3 sithathwa, nesembozo esifanelekile.
- Amalitha amabili amanzi adluliselwa kulesi sitsha futhi alethwe ngamathumba.
- I-garlic egcwala ingeziwe emanzini abilisiwe, exutshwe futhi asuswe ekushiseni.
- Iphoyisa elinomsoco we-garlic tincture ngokuqinile limbozwe ngendwanguzelo futhi ishiye ukushiya izinsuku ezingu-14.
- Emva kwamasonto amabili, i-garlic tincture egxile kakhulu isilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Indlela yokufaka isicelo:
- Ukugxila kwe-garlic okuvuthiwe kuhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
- Ukuze uphefute ama-currants uthathe imbiza engamaminithi ama-litre we-infusion ehlanjululwe kakade bese ungeza amanzi ebhakede (10 l).
- Ukusetshenziselwa i-garlic ye-currants kungenziwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili - akusizi ngalutho kubantu nasezinambuzaneni futhi kuvikela izihlahla ezibhekene nezifo nezinambuzane.
Uyazi? Elinye isipuni lomhlabathi liqukethe ama-microorganisms amaningi kunabantu abaphila manje emhlabeni wethu.
Izinambuzane ze-Currant eziqhwaqhazela ngaphansi kwegxolo nezinso zingalawulwa nazo "umphefumulo abilayo":
- Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha isikhathi lapho kusekhona iqhwa ensimini, kodwa entwasahlobo ayikude (phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaMashi).
- Ukwelapha ibilisa elilodwa lama-10 amalitha amanzi.
- Amanzi abilisiwe athululelwa ensimini yensimbi yokunisela futhi ngokushesha (kuze kube yilapho amanzi ehlile) uthele amanzi abilayo phezu kwamagatsha e-currant.
- Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu, efakazelwe isikhathi eside futhi isungulwe kahle phakathi balimi. Uma ubambe lo mcimbi ngesikhathi, izikhambi zamakhemikhali nezemvelo ezilandelayo ezivela emthonjeni wezinso kungenzeka ukuthi akudingekile.
Ividiyo: ukusebenza kwentwasahlobo ye-currants ngamanzi abilayo
Ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa
Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kwaphela iminyaka engamashumi amabili yokuhlolwa emasimini aseRussia abonisiwe elihle kakhulu frost ukumelana. Lesi sitshalo sibhekene nesithwathwa singena ku--20 ° C. I-Currant "i-Pygmy" ikhuthazelela isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuchelela, ngezinye izikhathi imvula eyanele. Ukuphuza okweziwe kuvame ukudingwa yisitshalo eminyakeni eyomile.
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokukhiqiza
"Pygmy" phakathi nonyaka-ezihlukahlukene, ama-brush wokuqala aqala ukuvuthwa ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi kaJulayi. I-Fruiting ngokuvamile ihlala ezinsukwini ezingu-30-35. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithela izithelo: 3 kuya ku-5 kg amajikijolo zivuna kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa esikhulile. "I-Pygmy" ayidingi ukukhula eduze kwezinhlobonhlobo zezidakamizwa, njengoba kuyizinhlobonhlobo ezithandekayo. Yile mfanelo eyisihluthulelo sokukhiqiza okuphezulu konyaka.
Funda futhi ngezinzuzo kanye nezimfihlo zezinhlobo zama-black currant ezikhulayo "Exotica", "Dachnitsa", "Vydrenaya".
Ukuthutha
Emazingeni aphansi aphansi (kusukela ku -13 kuya ku -15 ° C), isivuno singaba gcina inyanga. Ukuthuthwa kwe-currant "i-Pygmy" akuyona embi - isikhumba esiqinile, hhayi isikhumba esiqhakazile sivumela ukuhambisa amajikijolo emapheshana amade angama-tray akhethekile. 
Ukusetshenziswa
Amajikijolo amnyama ama-black currant adliwe ahlanzekile, futhi asetshenziselwa ama-compotes, i-jelly, i-jams, i-jams kanye ne-confiture, njengokugcwalisa ama-pie nama-dumplings, nawo aphelile futhi asomisiwe.
Uyazi? Enye ingilazi ye-currant emnyama iqukethe i-vitamin C eningi kangangokuthi lesi sinani kathathu siguqulela izinga lansuku zonke elidinga umuntu omdala.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Ukubeka amajikijolo, umlimi wensimu udinga izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle. Indlela enengqondo kakhulu ukuthenga izithombo emakethe kusuka kubathengisi abahleliwe, kodwa ukunikeza okuthandayo ama-nurseries akhethekile kanye nabalimi abazimele. Amapulazi akhethekile azohlinzeka ngolwazi oluphelele mayelana nezici zesitshalo, mayelana nendlela yokulinakekela, kanye nokubonisa izithombe zamajikijolo, amahlathi kanye namaqabunga. Kudingekile ukuthenga izithombo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngisho nangaphambi kokuqhakaza amaqabunga e-currants) noma ekwindla: ngo-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba. 
Yini okufanele ubuke lapho uthenga ama-blackcurrant saplings:
- Izithombo kufanele zibe yonyaka, ukuphakama kwawo akufanele kube ngaphezu kwehafu yamitha.
- Amagxolo phezu kwezithombo kumele abe yifane futhi engenakho umonakalo.
- Izihlahla ezincane akufanele zibe amaqabunga aqhakaza.
- Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ohlelweni lwempande: izimpande kumele zibe ezithakanyisiwe, ziqinile futhi zingabi nesimo sezulu.
- Lapho uhamba ngamabanga amade, uhlelo lwempande zezithombo ezithengiwe luhlanganiswe ngendwangu ebomvu. Ifilimu ye-polyethylene ingaphezulu kwendwangu, engxenyeni yesibili, lokhu kuzovimbela umswakama ukuba ungabikho emthonjeni, okusho ukuthi izimpande zizohlala zimanzi ize zifike esiteshini sokufika.
- Kodwa-ke, uma izimpande ezitshalweni zome (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyini izizathu), umgadi wensimu kufanele anciphise isitshalo emanzini futhi ashiye leso sikhundla izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ukuphuza umswakama, uhlelo lwe-currant izimpande luzobuyisela i-turgor futhi luzofanelekela ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Kubalulekile! Uhlelo lwempande lwe-currant elimnyama elikwazi ukusebenza kahle, linomthamo nobude obungama-20-25 cm.
Ukukhetha indawo
Ukuhlwanyela i-currant "I-Pygmy" iyadingeka kakhulu hhayi emthunzini, kukhanya kahle phakathi nosuku. Imigqa ye-currant ifanele isuke kusukela eningizimu kuya entshonalanga, le ndawo izohlinzeka ngokubheka okuhle kwezitshalo phakathi nosuku. Indawo lapho amajikijolo eyokhula khona kufanele avikelwe emiphakathini yasenyakatho ebanda ngodonga noma ucingo. Lokhu ngeke kuvumele amaqhwa abuyele phansi ukubhubhisa umbala we-currant, okusho - isivuno esilandelayo. 
Inhlabathi akufanele ifakwe, ngakho-ke intansi ayihambisani kahle nalokhu, kungcono ukhethe indawo ephansi noma ekhoneni. I-currant emnyama nayo ayithandi eduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, njengoba ijwayele ukubola kwesistimu. Inhlabathi akufanele iqinisekiswe.Le berry ithanda inhlabathi kancane acidic. Kungenxa enhlabathini enjalo ukuthi amajikijolo bathola inani elifanele ushukela.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nenhlabathi: izakhiwo eziyisisekelo nokwakheka, izinhlobo, inani le-asidi, izindlela zokwelapha okuyisisekelo.
Isikhathi nesikimu sokufika
Ukutshala nini futhi kanjani
- Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-currant iyisitshalo esiphambanisiwe. Naphezu kokuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene "i-Pygmy" zizakhela izithelo - zizokwazi ukukhombisa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kakhulu uma ziphindaphinda nezihlahla ze-currant ezikhulayo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukutshala lesi sitshalo ekuhlathini kweqembu (ama-currant 2-5).
- Uma ukutshala kweberry ezihlabayo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga), izinga lokushisa lomoya ngalesikhathi kufanele libe li-+5 kuya ku-10 ° C, inhlabathi kufanele imiswe. I-autumn berry laying yenziwa ngo-Okthoba kanye neminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaNovemba (isimo sezulu sivuma).
I-currants yokutshala:
- Ngemuva kokuba ukhethe indawo yelitshe elizayo, umgadi wensimu ulungiselela ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala: ukumba imigodi yokutshala 30-35 cm ubude no-30 cm ububanzi. Emgodini oqediwe wokutshala, izimpande zensimu ezithengiwe kufanele zifakwe ngokuphelele, futhi akufanele zifinyeleleke.
- Phakathi kwezimbiza zokuhamba zihamba ibanga elilodwa nengxenye ukuya kwamamitha amabili, njengoba isihlahla somuntu omdala esihlala esikhaleni sithatha isilinganiso esithile endaweni, futhi lokhu kufanele kubhekwe kusengaphambili.
- Izitshalo zifakwe ngaphansi komgodi wokufika (isigamu ibhakede lama-humus, 200 g we-superphosphate kanye no-60 g we-potassium sulphate), umfutho wehlabathi ophezulu ugcwala, konke lokhu kuhlanganisiwe ngokuphelele.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zenzalo ziyancipha zibe yingxenye yombumba, futhi amagatsha ehlathi elincane anqunywa nge-secator. 2-3 amafihlekile asele egatsheni ngalinye, konke okunye kunqunywe. Le nqubo iyadingeka ukuze isihlahla esincane sifakwe kahle branched esikhathini esizayo, kodwa singagqinsi.
- Ibhakede lamanzi lithunyelwa emgodini wokufika futhi umswakama uvunyelwe ukuba ungene emhlabathini.
- I-sapling ihlelwe emgodini wokutshala ngokuqondile noma nge-engela yama-45 degrees bese uqondise izimpande.
- Izimpande ze-currants ezincane zilale kancane ngaphambili zisuswe enhlabathini yomgodi. Ingqimba engaphezulu yensimu i-tamped kancane, ngenkathi yenza ukucindezeleka okuncane emgqeni omkhulu wezihlahla ezizayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze i-currants eqhubekele phambili ilula ukumanzi futhi ifake umquba wamanzi.
- Isitshalo esitshaliwe sinisela emanzini emhlabathini.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiyingi esiseduzane sihlanganiswa nezinto eziphilayo (u-sawdust, utshani obunamanzi, amaqabunga aqhekekile wezinto ezingekho izithelo). Ukunciphisa umzimba kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini, okusho ukuthi kuyokwazi ukuphuza ibhisikidi izikhathi ezimbili ngaphansi.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukutshala izitshalo kudingeka uqinisekise ukuthi intamo yentambo ye-currant yayingaphansi kwezinga lomhlaba. Kubalimi abangenalwazi: ihlathi elincane lihlale libonakala kweso elize, lapho lithengwa khona emhlabathini lapho likhulile e-nursery. Uma utshalwa, gxila kulokhu uphawu futhi ungafihli isihlahla ngenhlabathi ngaphezu kwayo.
Izinsisekelo zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Umlimi oyisivini uzokwazi ukuthola isivuno sonyaka esiqinile esimweni sokwelashwa okuvimbelayo nokwelashwa kwezihlahla ezibhekene nezilokazane nezifo, ukusika izihlahla ezinyakazayo, ukondla nokuphuza okwanele. 
Ukunisela
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Currant "i-Pygmy" ayinamandla okulwa nesomiso, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi kunesidingo sokuswakama. Lesi sitshalo sisengozini ikakhulukazi kwesomiso ngesikhatsi sezimbali, kungabangela ukuchithwa kwezimbali.
I-Currants idinga ukuchelela okungajwayelekile kepha okunamandla:
- Ehlobo, izihlahla ziphuziswa kanye noma kabili ngenyanga.
- Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye sithela ngamabhakede amanzi amathathu kuya ku-5 (30-50 l).
- Isiqalo se-shrub kumele sithinteke kakhulu, okuzokwehlisa isidingo sokunisela.
- Ekwindla (Okthoba), ukuchelela kwamanzi okushaja amanzi kuyenzeka. Lenziwa emva kokudla ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinyathelo zokunakekela i-currant ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Inhlabathi lapho i-shrub ikhula idinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile:
- Inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla zihlala ziphathwa nge-ripper (hoe, umlimi) ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula.
- Ukukhululeka nakho kunomthelela ekwenzeni i-aeration yenhlabathi, ukugcwala kwayo nge-oxygen. Inhlabathi enhle eduze komuthi ithatha umswakama kahle emoyeni.
- Uma inhlabathi lapho i-currant ikhula khona isindayo, iyacaca - idinga ukukhululeka kaningi, ngoba iyakwazi ukugubha nokucubungula.
- Uma ukhulula, ithuluzi akufanele lingcwatshwe ngokujulile kunamaphesenti ama-3-5. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpande ze-currant azikho (kuze kufike ku-10 cm ejulile enhlabathini) futhi uhlangothi olubukhali lwamathuluzi lungalimaza.
- I-mulch engadini engezansi engezansi isebenzisa izinto eziphilayo (sawdust, humus, amagxolo achotshoziwe), okuyinto kancane kancane ukubola, ukucebisa nokutshala inhlabathi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukupheka kahle amafutha, kufanele uhlolwe njalo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kubhontshisi izitshalo zomanyolo, ngobuningi obuqukethe i-nitrogen. I-nitrogen fertilizer efaka isandla ekwakheni kwe-stem enamandla, impande namaqabunga amakhulu. Isitshalo esinempilo, esithuthukile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa sikhula isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo amakhulu namnandi. Izitshalo zimbiwa futhi ziphilayo.
Uyazi? Kusukela ekubukeni kwezinto eziphilayo, i-ugqumugqumu yisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-currant.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Organic
Inombolo yokukhetha 1
- Lokhu kugqoka kwenziwa ekwindla (ngasekupheleni kuka-September-Okthoba).
- Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye ama-0.5 amabhakede wezinyosi ezifuywayo kahle zezinkomo ezibekiwe.
- Ngaphezulu komquba, 20 g we-superphosphate kanye no-20 g we-potassium sulphate bahlukunyezwa ngokufanayo.
- Umhlaba embuthaneni oseduze-umhlabathi ugcwala inzuzo yelondolo ukuze umquba ufakwe emhlabathini.
Inombolo ye-2
- Lesi sigqoko senziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuphuza amaqabunga, kodwa ngaphambi kokusakaza kwe-currants.
- Ingxenye yebhakede lezinkukhu ezintsha noma amanzi e-mullein yengezwa phezulu kwebhakede.
- Okuqukethwe kwesitsha kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele, emva kwalokho ibhakede lifakwa endaweni ekhanyisiwe yokuvutshelwa.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-7, umanyolo ophelile usulungile.
- Ngama-5 amalitha amanzi, ingxenye engama-litre we-concentrated concentrate iyongezwa, igxiliwe futhi isuka ngokushesha ekucindezelekeni ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-currant.
Kubalulekile! Uma kuzaliswa i-nitrogen concentrate kanye nomsimu wensimu ehlanzekile kumele njalo uhambisane nesilinganiso esicacisiwe. Ukugxila ngokweqile kokugqoka okuphezulu kungalimaza izimpande ze-currant, kukhishwe i-nitrogen.
Ukondla i-ammonium nitrate
- Lokhu kudla kunika amajikijolo amancane ngokushesha emva kokubhakabhaka (njalo ngonyaka). Ukuze uthole ama-currant asebekhulile, kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu wokulima, ukunikezwa okunjalo kunikezwa ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa amajikijolo.
- I-20-30 g ye-ammonium nitrate isakazwa emgqeni ongobuhle obunqenqemeni obunifomu, lesi samba somanyolo sanele esikolweni esisodwa.
- Ngemva kokwenza ukudla, inhlabathi ikhululiwe, ekhuthaza ukungena kwe-ammonium nitrate emhlabathini.
Ukudla kwamaminerali
- Lezi zithako zenziwe minyaka yonke ngaphansi kwamajikijolo atshalwe enhlabathini eyindayo (alumina). Ngomhlabathi ovundile ovundile, kwanele ukwenziwa kokudla okumbiwa kwamaminerali eminyakeni emithathu. Isikhathi salo ngo-Okthoba.
- I-Potassium (20-40 g) ne-phosphorus (30-50 g) ixutshwe, emva kwalokho ihlakazekile ngokufanayo emhlabathini ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
- Vala ungene enhlabathini ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye nokumba ekwindla kwenhlabathi.
Ukuze uthole ama-currant amakhulu (kusukela eminyakeni engama-4 ubudala) inani lemanyolo yezimbiwa ezinikezwe ngenhla liphindwe kabili. Uma inhlabathi ngaphansi kweberry iyomuncu, umgadi wensimu kufanele engeza i-lime kuma-currants (0.5 kg nge-1 sq. M emhlabathini).
Funda ukuthi unganquma kanjani i-asidi yenhlabathi esakhiweni futhi ucoce inhlabathi.
Ukudubula
I-currant ihluma kakhulu inqwaba yemifino, ngakho-ke, ukuze kuvinjelwe isihlahla kusuka ekutheni, okuholela ekunciphiseni ubungakanani kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo, umgadi wensimu kufanele ahlaziye njalo. Le nqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba izinso zivule. Umsimu wensimu uchitha wonke amagatsha afile futhi awonakele ngesikhathi sasebusika, kanye nezihlahla ezindala nezisobala ngokusiza nge-secator. Uma ungenzi izihlahla, isihlahla sizothela izithelo emagatsheni omnyaka owedlule, ezitholakala emagatsheni amakhulu (ezineminyaka engama-4 kuya ku-5 ubudala). Lokhu kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwemikhiqizo. 
Indlela yokunciphisa:
- Unyaka wokutshala - ngotshani olusha, wonke amagatsha ahlunyiwe, eshiya ama-2-3 efihlekile (amagatsha okuqala okuyovela kuwo).
- Unyaka wesibili - ama-3-4 amahlumela amagatsha amancane kunawo wonke asele emahlumela ahlwanyela kusukela efihlekile kwesobunxele (lezi zizoba ngamagatsha wesibili).
- Unyaka wesithathu - amahlumela angu-2-3 anamandla owodwa kanye no-5-6 amahlumela ezinyaka ezimbili asele emagatsheni omyalelo wesibili.
- Unyaka wesine - umqhele wehlathi kufanele ube namagatsha 3-4 kusuka ngonyaka ngamunye.
- Esikhathini esizayo, unyaka ngamunye izihlahla ziyakwenziwa ukuze amagatsha angama-20 aneminyaka ehlukene ahlale esitshalweni, lokhu kuzokuvimbela i-currant ukuba ingene kakhulu.
Uyazi? I-currant emnyama iqukethe amakhilomitha angu-60 kuphela nge-100 g. Ngakho-ke, le berry ingadliwa yibo abadlayo. Akuyona nje kuphela esihlwabusayo, kodwa futhi iyasiza.
Yini okufanele uyenze lapho usika izihlahla:
- Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokukhipha izihlahla ukukhipha amagatsha endala asebekhulile kuneminyaka emi-5-6.
- Uma izihlahla, izimpande ezomile, ezigulayo nezophukile zikhishwa futhi (izihlahla ezihlanzekile zenziwa).
- Qinisekisa ukususa wonke amahlumela, indawo yokukhula eqondiswa ngaphakathi ehlathini. Amagatsha aphansi awela ngaphansi kwesisindo sakhe futhi alale emhlabathini nawo angasuswa.
Ividiyo: ukusika izihlahla ze-black currant
Ukuvikelwa kwamazinga ebusika
Ukuvikela amajikijolo kusuka emaqanda ebusika, abalimi bahlela izakhiwo zesikhashana zomoya (izihlangu, ama-wickers, ezicijile), futhi zimboze umhlabathi endaweni engumgudu we-currant enobuningi obunzima bokubheka izimpande.
I-Currant "i-Pygmy" ine-frost resistance, kodwa uma ufuna isitimu, izihlahla zingavunyelwa ekuqandeni kwamagatsha ngamunye nge-agrofibre (i-spunbond, impahla engavunyelwe). Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kusebenza kufanelekile ukumboza inqwaba yamahlathi angenhla. Lokhu ukugxiliswa kwamagatsha kuvikela ngokuqinile ama-currants ekuqandeni futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuvumela umswakama nomoya ukuba udlule.
Seluleka ukuba ufunde mayelana nokulungiselela kahle ama-currants ebusika.
Izinzuzo nokuqeda
Izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene "Pygmy":
- ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa;
- ukuntula ukunakekelwa;
- ukumelana nesomiso;
- kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa amajikijolo ekutshalweni okulodwa (ukuzizalela);
- ukumelana nezifo (powdery isikhutha, i-anthracnose);
- izithelo ezinkulu;
- isivuno esihle kakhulu;
- amajikijolo amnandi namahle.
Amazinga Okungabikho:
- ukutholakala kwezinso zezinso;
- ukutholakala kwesifo se-septoria.
Abagadi bezobuchwepheshe bahlolisisa ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene "Pygmy"
Ngemva kokubeka i-berry encane evela emahlathini ama-black currant ezinhlobonhlobo ze "Pygmy", umlimi wensimu uyojabulisa umndeni wakhe ngama-berries amakhulu, anomsindo iminyaka eminingi. Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, i-currants yalezi zihlukahlukene ngeke idinge umzamo wokugcina isikhathi eside. Uma isitshalwe, i-currants emikhulu ihlobisa insimu iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10. Ukuvuna okuhle kuwe!
