I-Camellia imbali - iJapan, Red, Chinese White

Umndeni weTea House ufaka isitshalo esinjenge-camellia. Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo - Japan, China, Sumatra, Java, Indonesia. Isazi semvelo saseMoravian uG.I. UKamelius okokuqala waletha ingxenye yesibili yekhulu le-XVIII umbono omusha wezwe laseYurophu, ngegama lakhe lokugcina lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siwela ngesikhathi sasebusika noma sentwasahlobo, konke kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo.

Umsuka nencazelo

I-Camellia imbali isihlahla esincane esihlala sikhona noma isihlahla esincane esinezimbali ezinamahlamvu enesikhumba. Engadini, izihlahlana zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama. Ngeziqu ezinamagatsha anamandla, kuwuphawu lokukhishwa ngokushesha. Uma ekuqaleni umbala wabo wawuluhlaza, bese ushintsha waba mpunga noma onsundu. Amahlumela ahlobisa amapheshana anemifino emifushane, ekhula ngokuhlukile, enobuso obushelelezi obukhazimulayo.

Ukubukeka kweCamellia

Uma ukuphakama kwezihlahla kuncane, khona-ke isihlahla se-camellia sivame ukufika kumamitha angama-20 ukuphakama.

Izimbali ziqala ngokuvela kwamahlamvu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamahlumela amasha. Izimbali ze-Camellia zikhulu, ngokubukeka kwazo ziyafana nama roses. Amathunzi ahluke kakhulu:

• mhlophe
• opinki
• okusajingijolo;
• ophuzi.

Izimbali zeCamellia zingaba kabili, uhhafu, ungashadi, ube nama-inflorescence amaningana, amacembe anemibala emibili ngemivimbo nemivimbo. Esimweni esivulekile, izimbali zihlala izinsuku ezingama-7. Izinhlobo eziningi azinalo iphunga lezimbali. Isigaba sezitshalo ezisebenzayo ziqala emva kokuqhakaza. Ukukhula kuvela emaphephandabeni amakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamahlumela eduze kwamahlumela.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 zalesi sitshalo ezinezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ziyaziwa. Ungajwayelana nokuthakazelisa kakhulu kubo kamuva esihlokweni.

I-camellia yaseJapan

Isitshalo sohlobo lwe shrub noma umuthi omude ongafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10. Amaqabunga ayindawo emnyama engenamikhaza enombala oluhlaza okotshani. Isigaba sezimbali siqala ngoDisemba futhi siphela ngo-Ephreli.

Izimbali ezise-Japan camellia zitholakala: zilula, ziphindwe kabili, zimbili, ububanzi bazo bungafinyelela ku-50 mm. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinombala ohlukile we-petals: omhlophe, opinki, obomvu, oxubile. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, lezinhlobo zezitshalo zizokhula ngaphakathi endlini ngamazinga okushisa apholile. Uma i-camellia ikhule endaweni ebamba ukushisa, khona-ke izoqala ukwakha izithelo. Ungakhula ifomu lesihlahla emhlabathini ovulekile, khona-ke kuzoba ngumhlobiso omuhle wensimu.

I-camellia yaseJapan

Alba

Izitshalo ezikule nhlobonhlobo zinesakhiwo esilula sezimbali ezinamabala amhlophe.

Ubusika buvukile

Le nhlobonhlobo iyi-hybrid etholakala kwi-classic yaseJapan camellia "Otome". Lesi sitshalo siyathakazelisa ngoba siyakwazi ukumelana namaqhwa afike ku-26 ° C, ngoba ukukhula kwezimbali kwenzeka hhayi kuphela eningizimu, kodwa nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Izimbali zinombala opinki ophaphathekile obomvu.

Isikhathi sokuqala "iRose Rose" siqala ukuqhakaza ngo-Agasti siphele ngoNovemba. Uma ishubhu elinesihlahla se-camellia limi egumbini elibandayo, khona-ke lapho sekudlule igagasi eliyinhloko lokuqhakaza izimbali, kuzokwazi ukubuka ukuvela kwezimbali ezizodwa izinyanga ezimbalwa ebusika.

Izinhlobo namanje zobusika eziqinile zibandakanya izitshalo ezivinjelwe ochwepheshe bakwaTyumen. Ezinye zezingqinamba zazo ukuthi zingatshalwa kuphela engadini, ama-camellias awalungele amakamelo. Okudume kakhulu yi- "Empress."

Camellia Chinese

Igama lesibili lesi sitshalo yiBochea camellia noma i-sinensis camellia (leli igama elisemthethweni ngesiLatini), libhekisela ezihlahleni ezingapheli zaphakade. Naphezu kokukhula kancane kwesiko, abanikazi ngokuvamile bazodinga ukusebenzisa isikhafu ukwakha umqhele.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zama-camellias, ubuhle baseChina bunezimbali ezinhle kakhulu. Amacembe akhombe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani ahlanganiswe kahle nezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ezinomnyombo ophuzi ophuzi. Izimbali zinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-4. Le nhlobonhlobo ibaluleke kakhulu embonini yetiye, itshalwe ngokukhethekile ukuze inezele isiphuzo.

Tea Camellia

Camellia Sasanqua (intaba)

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zalethwa eYurophu zivela eSoutheast Asia. Umehluko omkhulu usayizi wesitshalo, ukuphakama kwe-sasanqua kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 kuphela.

Amacembe abonakala ngombala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, lapho kukhona ithambo elimnyama elifudumele ngaphansi kwepuleti leqabunga. I-camellia enjalo ikhula kahle ngaphandle nangaphakathi emagumbini okugcina izithombo noma ekhaya.

Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoNovemba kuya kuZibandlela. I-camellia yaseNtabeni "yanika" impilo ezinhlotsheni ezintsha ezingaphezu kwekhulu. Isihlahla esingaphansi siyakuvumela ukuthi uthole izinhlobo ezimfushane, okudingeka uzinakekele njengoba ubungazenzela abafowethu abade.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezintaba

I-Mountain camellia inezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. I- “Bicolor” ibonakala ngokuba khona kwama-petals anemikhawulo ebanzi ngombala wepinki, ngenkathi umbala wesisekelo umhlophe.
2. Izinhlobonhlobo ze "Chansonnier" ziqhakaza izimbali ezi-pink terry.
3. "I-Cleopatra" ibonakala ngokuba khona kwama-corollas alula aphakanyisiwe ezifuyini ezipinki.

Dlulisa emva kokuthenga ebhodweni

Ngemuva kokuthola isitshalo, kuzodingeka ukuthi kutshalwe kabusha. Akunabunzima obukhulu kulo msebenzi, noma kunjalo kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-camellia iyimbali engathandeki kangako. Ukuze ubuhle obuhlaza buzizwe buhle, kunconywa ukulandela imithetho ethile.

Okudingayo kokwehla

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kubalulekile ukuba nezinto ezithile ezibalulekile:

• Inhlabathi ye-Acidic. Uma umhlaba uthengiwe, lapho-ke kufanelekile ukukhetha okufanele ama-azaleas, ama-rhododendrons;
• Izinsalela zenhlabathi (izinaliti zikaphayini, i-perlite, i-pine bark ngezicucu ezincane);
• Amathuna;
• Imbiza itholakala ngamasentimitha ambalwa.

I-Camellia ethengiwe

Abanye abanikazi bezitshalo zasekhaya bakhetha inhlabathi eyenziwe yibo. Nge-camellia, inhlabathi yokuqanjwa elandelayo iyadingeka:

• umhlaba we-turf - ingxenye eyi-1;
• i-peat - izingxenye ezi-2;
• ishidi - izingxenye ezi-2;
• isihlabathi - 1 ingxenye.

Iphuzu elibalulekile. ICamellia Sasanqua, njengabo bonke abanye abamele lolu hlobo, ithanda indawo ene-acidic, ngoba le nkomba kufanele ibe yi-4.5-5 pH.

Umswakama kanye lokushisa

Isitshalo sidinga inkomba elinganiselayo yomswakama.

Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuye ehlobo, inkanyezi phakathi kwezitshalo ezifuywayo idinga ukufudumala (+ 20-25 ° C). Lapho isikhathi sokuqothula siqala, inkomba incishiswa ibe ngu + 18 ° C, akunconywa ukusetha izinga lokushisa liphezulu. Ukuqhakaza ezinhlotsheni eziningi kwenzeka enkathini kaDisemba -Febhuwari, amazinga okushisa asetwa ebangeni ukusuka ku-+8 kuya ku- + 12 ° С.

Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika

Ukuze ungenzi amaphutha ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-camellia yaseJapan hhayi kuphela, kufanelekile ukulandela izincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Thatha imbiza, ngaphambili ingagxobhozwa emanzini abilayo futhi yomiswe kahle.
2. Faka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi kwesitsha;
3. Lungisa umhlabathi.
4. Usebenzisa indlela yokudlulisela, khipha i-camellia ebomvu noma enye into ehlukahlukene esitsheni esikhona, ngaphandle kokusikaza ukoma wobumba, ngaphandle kokuyigeza ngoketshezi, ukufakelwa ebhodweni elisha.
5. Gcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho ngomhlabathi olungiselelwe.

Ukuzala

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusakaza izitshalo:

• ukusika;
• ukutshala kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Lapho usebenzisa inketho yokuqala, i-camellia iyaqhakaza ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-2. Ukuze ukhiqizwe kabusha thatha amahlumela anezinhlaka ezinamanzi amancane. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu senqubo ukuphela kwentwasahlobo - ukuqala kwehlobo.

Ungakhetha ihlumela elifanele ngombala, kufanele libe nsundu, ukuba khona kwehlumela lokukhula kahle nakho kuyadingeka. Kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-120 ukuzimpande. Izinga lokushisa elilungele inhlabathi nomoya + 23 ° C. Isimo sezulu esishisayo siholela ekukhuleni kwezinso kunokuba kwakheke izimpande.

Imbewu

Ngendlela yembewu, kuzokwazi ukubona ukuqhakaza kwe-camellia kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-5-8. Ukuvuthwa kwembewu kwenzeka maphakathi ekwindla. Badinga ukuqoqwa futhi batshalwe. Ukuhluma okuphumelela kakhulukazi, lesi sikhongozelo sicashile kancane. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi ngandlela thile, kepha sibonga ngayo, kutholakala izithombo eziqinile nezinempilo, ezizokhiqiza ngokuphelele.

Ukunakekelwa kwangaphakathi

Manje yisikhathi sokukhuluma ngokuthi hlobo luni lwembali ye-camellia idinga ukunakekelwa ekhaya.

Imodi yokunisela

I-camellia emhlophe, njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo zaleli qembu, inobumbano, ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukufafaza okuvamile ngesikhathi lapho kungekho sikhathi sezimbali. Umswakama ofanelekile ugcinwa ngokubeka imbiza epanini lapho amatshe amnyama noma ubumba olwandisiwe lulele khona.

Inqubo yokufafaza

Ukuphindaphindeka kokunisela kuncike ekubuseni kokushisa. Izitshalo zidinga ukusetshenziswa ngokulingana komswakama uma igumbi lifinyelela ku + 20 ° C. Kubalulekile ukulawula ingaphezulu, okufanele lome.

Ngokushisa okuqhubekayo, ukuthambisa kwenziwa kube kunokwengeziwe, bayaqhubeka nokubheka isimo somhlaba. Kufanele ikhulule futhi yomile kahle. Ukuchichima kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi lesi sitshalo siqala ukuwa efihlekile, amaqabunga aba nsundu.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Kwama-camellia, kusetshenziswa umanyolo ojwayelekile ofanelekayo wezitshalo ezinamakhambi; ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe kule mikhiqizo equkethe i-nitrogen eningi. Imvamisa yokufaka isicelo unyaka wonke ikhefu lezinsuku ezingama-20. Uma ubuhle obuluhlaza busanda kuthunyelwa muva nje, lapho-ke ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30-50.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukulungisa inani lama-inflorescence futhi ususe okweqile. Ukweqisa kwabo kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi lesi sitshalo ngokwaso sizosusa okweqile, noma usayizi wazo zonke izimbali uzoba ngaphansi kokufiswa, ngeke ubukeke muhle kakhulu. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, ekudubuleni okukodwa udinga ukushiya ama-inflorescence angaphezu kwama-2. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi; akufanele kufakwe amanzi noma komile kakhulu.

Ngesikhathi sokuphumula

Lapha udinga ukuqapha amazinga okushisa ehlobo, ubheke umswakama, uvikele okusalungiswa futhi uvikele isitshalo elangeni.

Ngenxa yokukhethwa, kuze kube manje, inani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo selitholiwe elingalungele izifunda ezifudumele kuphela, kodwa futhi nesifunda saseMoscow. Uma kunesifiso, khona-ke wonke umuntu othanda izitshalo angazikhethela inketho efanelekile, yomgwaqo neyekhaya.