Isifunda ngasinye sibhekene nezimo ezithile zezulu ezenzelwe imifino yokuvuthwa. Akukona nje isikhathi esidlule, kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuthi ucabange ukukhula ema-Urals i-pepper ye-thermophilic yaseBulgaria. Kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezolimo kanye nezinhlobo zokuzalanisa, lokhu sekuyiqiniso. Nokho, ukuze uthole isivuno esihle sepelepele, kubalulekile ukuqala ukulungiselela ukutshala kwalo kusukela ebusika. Kulesi sihloko sizojwayela izici ze-varietal zalesi sitshalo kanye nemithetho yokutshala kwayo ema-Urals.
Izinhlobo eziphikisanayo ze-pepper zesimo sezulu se-Urals
Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo zepelepele ze-bell esifundeni sase-Ural, kungcono ukunikeza izintandokazi ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala nonyaka wezinkanyezi ngenkathi ekhula kwezinsuku ezingu-90-130.
Ochwepheshe bezolimo batusa izinhlobo ezilandelayo eziguquguqukayo:
- "Kolobok" - ihlukaniswe izihlahla ezincane kanye ne-pepper enesisindo esijwayelekile sama-85 g, sikhula kahle kokubili ezimweni zokushisa kanye nasemhlabathini ovulekile;
- "Topolyn" - amahlathi amade athela izithelo nge-pepper enkulu e-120-gram ne-sweet taste, izitshalo zivame ukutshala phezu kwe-trellis;
- "Isibulo Siberia" - inkathi ephakathi nendawo ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufikela ku-50 cm, izitshalo zokulinganisa izithelo 50 g, izinguquko zombala kusuka ophuzi kuya obomvu;
- "IsiSiberia" - ezihlukahlukene phakathi nonyaka, ukuphakama kwamahlathi kuze kube ngu-50 cm, izithelo ezinkulu zinesisindo esingama-120 g, kuhle ukukhula ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ngisho nangaphandle kokushisa;
- "Montero" - izinga lokuqala lokuvuthwa, ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayilodwa, i-pepper elibomvu elibomvu ngokwesilinganiso sinesisindo esingama-65 g, ema-Urals akhulile ezimweni zendawo yokushisa;
- "Uphayona" - izinsuku ezingaba ngu-120 zidinga ukuvuthwa okugcwele, isisindo sesisindo sesilinganiso singama-60 g;
- "UWinnie the Pooh" - Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, isikhathi sokutshala izimila cishe izinsuku ezingu-120, izithelo zivuthwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyinto elula lapho kuvuna;
- "I-Bogatyr" -kuphakathi kwezikhathi eziphakathi nonyaka, enye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu esifundeni, isisindo sesithelo singaba ngu-150 g, sikhula kahle ezimweni zokushisa kanye nasemhlabathini;
- "Bull" - ezihlukahlukene phakathi nonyaka, izinkondlo ezinkulu eziphuzi nezibomvu zikhula zibe ngu-200 g. Isimo sezulu sase-Ural lokhu kuhlukahluka kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwepelepele kwatholakala emibhalweni yaseNdiya ebhalwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-3000 edlule. Ezikhathini zasendulo, wenza njengetela kubantu ababenqobile. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimba ukuhlaselwa kweRoma, amaRoma asendulo akhokhela umbusi u-Attila nomholi wamaVisigoth u-Alaric I amathani amaningi wepipi elimnyama.
Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo zekhwalithi ekhaya
I-Pepper iyisiko elinamandla kakhulu futhi likhula kuphela embewu ensimini ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Futhi ukuze sikhule izithombo ezinamandla, okuzobe sekuletha isivuno esicebile, kubalulekile ukuqhuba kahle zonke izinyathelo ze-agrotechnical - ukuhlwanyela imbewu nokunakekela izithombo.
Isikhathi sokutshala imbewu
Njengoba kunikezwe isimo sezulu sase-Urals esiphuthumayo, imbewu yezithombo isetshenziswe kangcono esikhathini esivela maphakathi namashumi amabili kaFebhuwari. Bese-ke bayothola isikhathi sokuhluma kahle futhi bathole amandla afanele ukuhlala emhlabathini.
Ukuxuba kwenhlabathi
Ukuze uhlwanyele imbewu, kufanele uthenge insimu ye-ground for izithombo ze-pepper esitolo sekhethelo esitolo. Kodwa-ke, umhlabathi owathengiwe ngezinye izikhathi ugcwala kakhulu ngamanyolo, okuholela "ekushiseni" kwezithombo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungakhathazeki ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi, ungayilungiselela wena.
Funda ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani izithombo zezitshalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhulisa izithombo kumakhasethi, ukuthi ungayilondoloza kanjani isikhala, ukuthi ungalondoloza kanjani isikhala lapho utshala izithombo, indlela yokukhulisa izithombo ngephepha langasese, indlela yokusika izithombo.
Ukwenza lokhu, hlanganisa ngobuningi behlabathi, inhlabathi ye-turf, i-peat ne-humus. Noma mhlawumbe umhlabathi we-turf, isihlabathi somfula kanye ne-peat ngamanani afanayo futhi uthele umxube ophumela ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi nge 30 g we-superphosphate, 30 g we-potassium sulfate no-10 g we-urea.Akufanele unqande umhlabathi owathengiwe, kodwa kungcono ukwelapha umhlabathi olungiselelwe ngokwakho ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) futhi wengeze noma yimuphi umenzi we-antifungal. Ukungcola okunjalo kubhekwa njengento elula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ephumelela kakhulu. Kule litre elilodwa lamanzi ashisayo kufanele kuchithwe isipuni esisodwa se-potassium permanganate, uthele lesi sixazululo phezu komhlaba bese usivumela ukuba somile.
I-tank ekhulayo
Ngokuba izithombo ezikhulayo ungasebenzisa noma yimaphi amandla, kufaka phakathi amaphilisi e-peat. Indlela elula futhi eshibhile ibhokisi lezinkuni, elihlanganiswe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi nokugoqa epulasitiki futhi lenziwe ubukhulu be-sill window.
Nokho, ukuze ugweme ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo, okuyinto ethinta kabi uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa imbewu yokutshala ezinkomishi ezihlukene.
Funda ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokucubungula imbewu, lapho uhlwanyela khona izithombo, indlela yokutshala izithombo, indlela yokugwema izithombo ze-pepper, ukutshala kanjani emhlabathini ovulekile, indlela yokutshala amahlathi, ukuwasebenzisa kanjani i-pepper, indlela yokuvimbela izifo ze-pepper.
Amaphilisi e-Peat ayindlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokukhulisa izithombo, kodwa, okokuqala, iyabiza kakhulu. Futhi okwesibili, kubalulekile ukulawula ngokuqinile umswakama kubo, ngoba ngokunganelisi okwanele, i-peat ilahleka kalula esitsheni esisodwa esibi, futhi uma isikhulu, isikhunta senzeke ngokushesha.Ngendlela, ngaphambi kokutshala, zonke iziqukathi ezisetshenziswe ngaphambili kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-disinfecting ukuze zingathwali izifo noma izinambuzane ezivela ezitshalweni zangaphambilini.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-pepper elimnandi nelomuncu likhulile ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuba ubatshale ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezahlukene, futhi emhlabathini ovulekile - ebangeni elide ukusuka komunye nomunye. Njengoba i-pepper eshisayo ingafaka uthuli othakazelisayo, kungani ukunambitheka kwe-pepper bell kunciphise kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela i-pepper, kufanele uhlele ngokucophelela uphinde ususe yonke imbewu engaphansi. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuhlola imbewu yokuhluma, ngoba lokhu kuwugcoba emanzini ekushiseni kwamahhala noma kusixazululo sosawoti obuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalokho, imbewu enhle izohlala phansi, futhi okungenalutho kuyokhambela phezulu. Ngokwemvelo, imbewu kuphela ezansi ingaphansi kokutshala. 
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwembewu.Ukuzikhuthaza ukuba zihlume, uthele amanzi afudumele cishe imizuzu engama-20 bese ubathumela esiqandisini noma emgodini obandayo ngosuku. Ngemuva kwalendlela, imbewu iphathwa nge-stimulator ye-biological growth "Epinom" noma "iZircon" ngokwemiyalo yamalungiselelo.
Ukuze ususe i-disinfection imbewu, ungasebenzisa lezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- bathululele isixazululo esibuthakathaka sokhuni;
- ukufudumala imbewu emanzini ashisayo cishe isigamu sehora (cishe ngo-55 ° C);
- amahora amathathu bawagcobe nge-anyanisi ikhasi (ama-husk amancane ngetreji lamanzi).
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Inhlabathi elungiselelwe ithululelwa emathonjeni, phansi lapho amanzi ehlelwe ngaphambilini (1.5-2 cm). Uma usebenzisa isitsha esisodwa, imbewu itshalwe ibanga elingama-2 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye ngokuhlukanisa umugqa we-5 cm. Ukujula kokutshala kungamamitha amabili.
Uma etshalwe ezindebe ezihlukene, izingcezu ezingu-2-3 zibekwa ngamunye. imbewu. Uma usebenzisa amathebulethi we-peat, uthele inani elidingekayo lamanzi ngamanzi, ulinde ukuvuvukala, bese ujula izimbobo ezingenhla nge 1.5 cm bese ubeka imbewu lapho. Gcwalisa emithonjeni ngomxube wezakhi, umboze i-tray nge-lid noma isikhwama seplastiki. 
Funda ngokuningiliziwe ngezici ze-pepper Ratunda, Spark, Gemini, Antey, Belozerka, Anastasia, Soloist, isimangaliso segolide, Swallow, Kakadu, indlebe yeCow, isimangaliso sase-Orange.
Izimo zokuhluma
Emva kokutshala imbewu iyanisela ngamanzi futhi igcwele ifilimu noma ingilazi. Ukuze ukhule izithombo ezinhle, ukutshala amathangi kumele kube endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo. Kunconywa ukuba izinga lokushisa lokushiswa kwesikhashana libe + 23 ... +26 ° C, futhi ebusuku - hhayi ngezansi +20 ° C.
Amahlumela we-pepper avela cishe ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7, emva kokuhluma kwezithombo ifilimu noma ingilazi isusiwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu zokuqala, izithombo ezizayo azidingi ukuchelela, njengoba zatshalwe enhlabathini enomanzi. Ngokufika kweqabunga lokuqala udinga ukuphuza nsuku zonke. Futhi lapho izithombo zikhula kancane, kufanele ziphuze kakhulu ngokuphumula kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5.
Akufanele sikhohlwe ngokutshala izitshalo, kuqhutshwa ngezigaba ezimbili: emva kokuqala kwamaqabunga amabili no-2 nangemva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angaphezu kwamahlanu kuhlumela ngalinye. Uma uqala ukudla ama-5 amalitha amanzi, engeza u-10 g we-urea ne-potassium sulfate no-30 g we-superphosphate.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ihlumela elilodwa lidla ama-100 ml okuphakelayo kwamanzi. Isigaba sesibili ngokuvamile sihambisana nokukhethwa futhi siwa ngesonto lesithathu ngemuva kokudla kokuqala. Imifuno efanayo iyasetshenziswa, kodwa ngobuningi obuphindwe kabili. 
Ukuze bangazilungiseleli umquba ngokwabo, bangathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ungakhohlwa ukuphuza i-pepper ngemuva kokondla ngamunye bese uqinisekisa ukuthi umanyolo awuwa emagqabeni awo. Izithombo ezibhebheni ze-peat azidingi ukondla okwengeziwe.
Ngamaqabunga okuqala angama 4-5, i-pepper ithathwa futhi itshalwe emabhodwe ahlukene. Abanye balimi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sigaba singanakwa futhi sidilize ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni yokuhlala ehlala njalo. Uma ukudonsa kungcono ukukhipha umhlabathi ngamahlumela amaningana kanye ngokucophelela, ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande, ukuwahlukanisa ngezandla zakho.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ngokunakekela izithombo:
- Ukungabi nokukhanya kuholela ekusweleni ngokweqile kwezithombo;
- ukuchelela ngokweqile kungenye yezimbangela zezilonda ze-fungal zesistimu;
- ukungabi nomswakama kuholela ekomeni nasekuguquleni amaqabunga.
Uyazi? Ikhasi elimnandi liqukethe i-vitamin C (ascorbic acid) okungaphezu kwelamula. Ingxenye yesayizi ejwayelekile ye-pepper igcwalisa ukunikezwa kwayo kwansuku zonke okudingekayo emzimbeni womuntu. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi ukwelashwa okushisa, i-vitamin C ibhujiswa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa lezi zithelo fresh.
Izithombo ezinzima
Cishe izinsuku ezingu-10-14 ngaphambi kokuphuma, kufanele ucime izithombo. Ngoba yini ehlelwe efasiteleni elinefasitela evulekile noma eyenziwa ebhokheni elithambile.
Kudingekile kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithombo azihlali ebhalweni, ngaphansi kwelanga elikhulu nokushisa kwenhlabathi akuzange kube ngaphansi kuka-degrees Celsius. Le nqubo izovumela izitshalo ukuba zijwayele emoyeni ozungezile futhi zingakhathazeki kancane ukuze zikwazi ukufika emhlabathini.
Ukutshala izithombo zakho endaweni enomphela
Iminyaka yezithombo ezitshalwe ngokuvame ukuhlala ezinyangeni ezincane ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, lapho kungekho usongo lweqhwa. I-greenhouse ingatshalwa kancane kancane - kakade phakathi kukaMeyi.
Izandulela ezimbi kunazo zonke ze-pepper elimnandi yizitshalo ezinomsoco - amazambane, utamatisi nama-pepper ashisayo. Ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, uphizi, anyanisi, izaqathe, ukhukhamba kanye neklabishi kubhekwa kuhle. Kubuye kube kuhle uma utshani obusanda kukhula bukhula phezu kwesakhiwo. 
Esikhathini sokushisa
Ngokuba ukutshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa, inhlabathi elula enhlabathini ye-acidity neutral isetshenziselwa ukushisa okungengaphansi kuka -15 ° C. Umoya kufanele uphiswe kusuka ku- +20 ° C nangaphezulu.
Isikimu esilandelayo sokutshala sisetshenziselwa: i-tape emigqa emibili ene-interline ububanzi obungama-40 cm kanye nebanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingama-20-25 cm kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-80 cm.
Esigatsheni sokuqala, izimbali zisusiwe, amahlumela amabili ahlala, njengoba ekhula, ihlumela elilodwa eliqinile lishiywe egatsheni ngalinye, kanti obuthakathaka uyasuswa emva kokuhluma kokuqala. Cishe inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwenkathi, iziqongo zazo zonke amahlumela zikhonjiwe.
Ekuqaleni kokukhula, amahlathi aphethwe ngamanyolo we-nitrogen, futhi ngesikhathi sokuhluma kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izithako eziqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Njengoba kunikezwe izimo zesimo sezulu kanye nesimo sokuthi ama-cold frosts ayenzeka ngezinye izikhathi, izindawo zokukhosela ezengeziwe kufanele zinikezwe ngaphakathi kokushisa. Kungenzeka ukuthi yi-arc ehlanganiswe nento eboshiwe. Zingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ebusuku, kuze kube sekugcineni isimo sezulu sesiphelile. 
Kubalulekile! I-sweet pepper yaseBulgaria iyisiko esilula kakhulu nesithisa ukushisa, ungakhohlwa ngokushelela nokuvuthwa kwayo njalo. Lapho kuvuna izithelo ezivuthiwe zigawulwa ngesiqu, ngakho-ke zigcinwa kangcono.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Izimo zezulu eziyinkimbinkimbi zihlawulelwa kancane ngokubunjwa kwenhlabathi, ene-pH engathathi hlangothi futhi iqukethe izinto eziningi eziphilayo. I-Pepper inomuzwa omuhle enhlabathini e-loamy evulekile. Khumbula ukuthi ayithandi imvelo ye-acidic, ngakho-ke ungangeza ufulawa noma ufulawa wama dolomite ukunciphisa i-acidity. Lezi ziyasebenza, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, imikhiqizo yemvelo nephephile.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, umhlabathi kufanele ulungiswe ngokuwumba kanye nesihlabathi kusukela ekubalweni - ibhakede leshlabathi ngomitha wamakhilomitha. I-pepper yesi-Bulgarian ifanele indawo efanelekile ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Uhlelo oluhle lokutshala: phakathi kwezithombo kufanele kusale cishe uhhafu wamitha, phakathi kwemigqa 60-70 cm. Ngenxa yalokho, uma ukutshala izinhlobo ezide ngamamitha ayizikwele zomhlaba kufanele kube ngamaphilisi angu-4-5, futhi ngaphansi komhlaba - izihlahla eziyisithupha. 
Isikhathi sokuqala ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, i-pepper kumele ivikelwe ngokuyibekela ebusuku nge-agrotex noma impahla ye-spunbond. Ngemuva kokuqinisa isivikelo esihlahleni asikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Izihlahla ezindala kufanele ziphuze kakhulu cishe kanye nezinsuku eziyishumi. Izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezihlanu ngonyaka kufanele zondliwe ngamanyolo aqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Funda indlela yokutshala ama-apula, amapheya, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, i-spirea, i-clematis, isethi ye-anyanisi, i-astilba, i-gladioli ku-Urals.Ezindaweni eziseningizimu zePrapper yaseBulgaria ukhule yonke indawo futhi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okuningi. Kodwa ngisho naphezu kwesimo sezulu esibuhlungu sase-Ural, nayo yonke imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa, ungathola isivuno esihle salezi zithelo ezihlwabusayo futhi ezinamanzi futhi uzithokozise wena nomndeni wakho nge-vitamin saladi enhle kakhulu kusuka kupelepele okhulile ngezandla zakho.
Ividiyo: indlela yokutshala pepper ezindaweni ezisenyakatho
Futhi okwesibini, uma une-abamba ukushisa ehlongozwe futhi kukhona ukukhanya, akusikho ekuqaleni kakhulu
