Incazelo kanye nokutshala utamatisi "Yablonka Russia" for open open

Ukuzibandakanya ekutshalweni kwezitshalo, sinika izinhlobonhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ezingenakuzithoba futhi eziphikisana nezifo kanye nezimo ezimbi futhi zidinga ukugcinwa okuncane.

Zonke lezi zidingo ziyaneliswa yizinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi "Yablonka Rossii".

Sizokutshela ngokulima kwalo kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

Lezi utamatisi zinesihlahla esinqunyiwe, esinamandla nesicwebezelayo.

Utamatisi onesihlahla esinqunyiwe kufaka phakathi "Katyusha", "Riddle", "Golden Heart", "Solerso", "Rio Fuego", "Superbomb", "Liana", "Bokele".

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kuhluka kusuka ku-50 cm kuya ku-1 m. Isitshalo asihlanganiswa kakhulu. Kakade ngaphezu kweqabunga le-7-9, i-inflorescence yokuqala ivela. Amahlamvu - amazambane ohlobo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bezolimo obulula, lezi zihlukahlukene nazo zibizwa ngokuthi "utamatisi wabavilapha."

Izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwezithelo kanye nesikhathi eside se-fruiting;
• isivuno esikhulu;
• ayidingi i-pinching ne-garter;
• ukumelana nezifo eziningi nezimo zezulu ezimbi;
• jikelele jikelele wezithelo nokuthutha okuhle;
• ukufika kwe-compact

Lezi zihlukahlukene cishe azikho "amaminithi", kodwa namanje ukungalungi kuhlanganisa:

• ukufuna umhlaba (ukhetha ucebile);
• ubukhulu obuncane bezithelo, kodwa lokhu kubuyiselwa imali eyanele;
• amathuba okutheleleka ngokulimaza nokukhungatheka ukuhlaselwa yiziqhingi zaseColorado, ama-aphid nama-whiteflies.

Izici ezihlukile zihlanganisa:

• ukuvuthwa okuvumelana kwezithelo, okwenza kube khona kanyekanye ukucubungula yonke imikhiqizo;
• Izihlahla azidingi ukugxila nokubunjwa.

Izithelo nezivuno

Lesi sitshalo sathola igama layo ngenxa yokubonakala, okukhumbuza kakhulu isihlahla sama-apula esinezilimo.

Izinhlobonhlobo zivuthiwe zakuqala, utamatisi alungele ukusetshenziswa ngosuku lwe-110-112 lokuvela kwamahlumela.

Izinhlobo ezinotamatisi zakuqala zibandakanya njengokuthi "Samara", "Ukuqhuma", "Batanyan", "Caspar".

Ukuvuthwa kunobungane, ngakho ungakwazi ukuqoqa futhi uvuselele ngokushesha, kodwa isihlahla siveza izithelo kuze ku-Okthoba.

Ngisho nezindleko ezincane, isivuno ngasinye esihlahleni sifinyelela ku-3-5 kg. Uma lesi sitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini evundile futhi sivuthwe, inani lamatamatisi liyokhula. Ngokwesilinganiso, utamatisi ofika ku 90-100 uvuthwe esihlahleni esisodwa.

Izithelo zesisindo esisuka ku-70 kuya ku-100 g. Utamatisi amancane, ubujamo obuvamile besikhumba esinomvu. Izithelo zinomsoco futhi ziphikisana nokuqhekeka, ezibonakala ngokuhamba kahle.

Basebenzisa yonke indawo futhi bayakufanelekela ukunamathela, ukupheka utamatisi unamathela, ijusi nama saladi ahlukahlukene.

Uyazi? Enye yezinguqulo zomsuka wegama elithi "utamatisi" - kusuka kuFrench [em] "pomme d'amour" [/ em] ("i-apple yothando"). Futhi ngalokhu kunesizathu. Isithelo sinezinto ezifana ne-serotonin, okusiza ukuphumula nokuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo. Lesi sici asishiyanga ngisho nangesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa. Ufuna ukuba nomoya omuhle - Yidla utamatisi, i-spoonful ye-utamatisi unamathela noma uphuze ijusi.

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Utamatisi yizitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, futhi ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala, kungcono ukukhula ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Ungazibeka wena noma uzithenge ngomumo.

Ukukhetha izithombo, udinga ukunaka okulandelayo:

• Amaqabunga kufanele abe nombala ocebile ohlaza, ngaphandle kwamabala nokulimala;
• ukuqina - okunamandla, okuthuthukisiwe kahle, okwenziwe kahle;
• izihlahla akufanele zigcwale, kungenjalo zizothatha isikhathi eside ukuba zithole izimpande;
• uhlelo lwempande lusetshenziswe kahle futhi lugcwele umhlaba omanzi, futhi kangcono uma izithombo sezivele zitshalwe zibe izimbiza noma izinkomishi.

Izimo ezikhulayo

"Yablonka Rossiya" ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezingalahleki, kepha ukulima kwayo kusadingeka ukudala izimo ezithile:

1. Lezi zitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, futhi engadini kufanele zihlwanyelwe endaweni enelanga, efudumele.
2. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe mnanzi kodwa ingabi ngamanzi. Ukuze ugweme ukufudumala okusheshayo komswakama, umhlabathi ozungeze amahlathi ungadonswa nge-peat noma i-humus.
3. Utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo zithanda inhlabathi evundile, ngakho ngokushesha uma itshalwe emhlabathini yengeza umquba, ama-humus, umlotha nama-fertilizer amaminerali. Inhlabathi kufanele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Kuhle kakhulu.
4. Izandulela ezifanelekayo kungaba iklabishi, i-dill, i-garlic, ukhukhamba, ubhontshisi noma ithanga. Akuyona into engathandeki ukutshala emva kwe-nightshade, njengoba ihambisana nezifo ezifanayo.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala

Imbewu ingcono kakhulu ithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma nge-intanethi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuqiniso bezinhlobonhlobo.

Kubalulekile! Utamatisi awuthandi inhlabathi emuncu kanye nokudlula kwento ephilayo kuyo.

Ungaqala ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala ngoMashi.

Futhi zikhona izindlela eziningana zokulungiselela:

1. Hamba amahora ambalwa emanzini afudumele, bese usuxazululo obuthakathaka we-potassium permanganate (imizuzu engu-20). Lahla emabhokisini noma kwenye isitsha enhlabathini ethengiwe noma eyenziwe ngokuzimela (umhlaba ovamile + umquba noma i-humus). Ukujula kwembewu yokungena - 1.5-2 cm. Amanzi, ukumboza ngefilimu bese ufaka ekamelweni lokushisa kwama-23-25 ​​° C. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela ukususa ifilimu. Beka isitsha nge izithombo endaweni ekhanyayo, futhi uma ukhula kancane, dive zibe izinkomishi noma peat izimbiza.
2. Lungisa umshini wepulastiki ngobubanzi obungama-20 cm nobude buka-1-2 cm. Ngaphezulu kwawo ubeke ezendatsheni ezingu-3 zephepha langasese. Ukusuka emkhawulweni wamamitha angu-10, futhi kusukela phezulu-1 cm, ebangeni elingu-5 cm, sebenzisa isisombululo sokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande nge-pipette noma ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-rubber, bese ubeke imbewu eyodwa ku-drop. Dampen iphepha kancane bese ulinganisa konke futhi uphephile ngebhodi le-rubber. Yenza imiqulu kunoma yisiphi isitsha, ikhava ngefilimu bese ufaka endaweni efudumele. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4, lapho imbewu ihlwitha, phinda i-convolutions uphinde ufafaze umhlaba (1 cm), uphinde uqhube. Manje zenze zibe yisitsha esezansi lapho i-sawdust ithululelwa khona (bayothola umswakama obuningi). Imiqulu ephezulu ifafaza ngenhlabathi, uthele, ikhava ngephakheji bese ufaka endaweni efudumele. Izwe kufanele liphuze ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapho amagciwane avela ngaphezu komqulu, asuse isikhwama bese ubeka ibhokisi endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamashidi amaningana, amahlathi ahamba emapopotsheni noma amapopu epulasitiki.

Ngokuvamile, i Yablonka Rossii ikhulile izithombo, kodwa eningizimu, ngezinye izikhathi imbewu ihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, okumele, uma kunesidingo, ihlanganiswe ne-foil noma i-agrofibre.

Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga ama-utamatisi ayinobuthi futhi abangela ukubola kwabantu abaningi.

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Izithombo kahle amanzi amaningi ngesisombululo somlotha: 1 tsp. 1.5 amalitha amanzi. Ukumisa ngokweqile akufanele kube khona ukuze kungabangela ukubonakala "komlenze omnyama". Khetha izimbiza ezahlukene emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga angu-4-5.

Amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kudingeka aqale ukuqina, alethe izitshalo emkheneni ovulekile noma emgwaqweni. Imidwebo kufanele igwenywe. Ngemuva kwesimo sezulu esifudumele (ingxenye yesibili ka-May), izitshalo ezineminyaka engaba ngu-2 zitshalwe endaweni enomphela.

Izihlahla kanye nezimpande zikaJablonki Rossii zincane, ngakho-ke izitshalo zibekwe eceleni komunye nomunye (30 × 50 cm). Uma utshalwa emgodini wenze i-humus (ibhakede elingu-1 ngemitha ngayinye) nomlotha (0.5 l ngehora elilodwa lemitha).

Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezitshalo kanje:

1. Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa emavikini amabili. Ungasebenzisa umquba wokuthengisa oqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium, futhi ungenza umuthi wokhuni, i-mullein, ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 5. Okungenani izikhathi ezingu-3 ngonyaka, kuhle ukuba ukondle ngesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate (10 g), i-superphosphate (50 g) ne-potassium chloride (30 g) ehlanjululwe ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ukugqoka, "i-teas" ikulungele, ukulungiselela ukuthi ukhula oluhlukahlukene luthululwa ngamanzi futhi lugcinwe kuze kube khona iphunga elimnandi. Amalitha angu-10 amanzi asetshenziswa ngamalitha angu-0.5 ale tincture. Le ngxube yamatamatisi yanisela njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14.
2. Ukuphuza utamatisi kufanele kube ngokulinganisa, ikakhulukazi hhayi ukugcwalisa. Esikhathini sezulu esibhakabhakeni, ukuchelela akudingeki. Amanzi athululela ngaphansi kwempande, ngoba utamatisi awuthandi umswakama emaqabini nasezithelo.
3. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukususa ukhula. Ukuze zikhule zibe mncane, inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla zihlanganiswe ne-peat, humus noma utshani obomile. Kuzosiza futhi ukulondoloza umswakama isikhathi eside futhi kuvimbele ukubonakala komkhumbi ebusweni bomhlaba ngemuva kokuphuza.
4. Umhlaba ukhululiwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Utamatisi uphendula kahle ku-hilling, okusiza ukwakheka kwezimpande ezengeziwe.
5. Uma izihlahla zizithelo eziningi, ke aziwa, ziboshwe. Kodwa uma izitshalo ziphansi futhi ziqinile (okuyinto ejwayelekile ezihlukahlukene "Apple Russia"), ke ungenza ngaphandle garter.
6. Isici sesici salokhu okuhlukahlukene ukuthi akukho isidingo sokutholwa ingane.

Izifo nokuvimbela izinambuzane

Utamatisi, njengawo onke ama-nightshade, ayawuthanda kakhulu izimbali zase-Colorado. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amahlathi kufanele ahlolwe njalo, futhi uma ungafuni ukusebenzisa "i-chemistry", bese uqoqa izinkukhu ezindala bese uqeda amaqabunga ngamaphuphu. Kusukela ezindleleni zamakhemikhali zokuphalaza noma yikuphi izidakamizwa ezivela e-Colorado amazambane beetle.

I-Aphid ne-whitefly nayo ingahlwanyelwa ku-utamatisi. Kulokhu, izitshalo ziphathwa ngezinambuzane, uthuli uthuli noma i-tincture yomhlonyane.

Kubalulekile! Phytophthora iyamangaza utamatisi nNge-overabundance of umswakama, ukuqhuma okugxilile kanye nezinguquko ngokuzumayo emazingeni okushisa emini nasebusuku.

"Yablonka" iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yezifo eziningi, kodwa ishintshwe ukulimala okuphelile.

Ukuze silwisane nalesi sifo, izindlela zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali namasiko ziyasetshenziswa:

1. Kusuka "chemistry" yokupuniza kusebenza "i-Epin", "i-Fitosporin", i- "Trichopol".
2. Kunezindlela eziningi zabantu. Ungaphambanisa i-serum noma ubisi ngendlela ehlanzekile noma isisombululo ngamanzi (1:10) + amaconsi ambalwa e-iodine; uthuli ngomlotha noma amanzi isisombululo semvubelo. Ngalolu daba, uphefa ngezinsuku ezingu-10 nge-garlic tincture nge-potassium permanganate (1 inkomishi igcoke u-garlic + 1.5 g potassium permanganate ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi) kufanelekile.

Kodwa ukuvimbela lesi sifo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• ukufaka imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-20;
• ukukhulelwa nge-phosphorus ne-potassium;
• Ungagcini inhlabathi kanye nesimo sezulu esibandayo ukuze wenze ukukhuphuka kunomhlabathi esikhundleni sokunisela.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Yablonka Rossiya iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene evuthiwe, futhi izithelo zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.

Izithelo zibhekwa ngobuningi futhi ziphikisana nokuqhekeka, ngakho-ke, lapho kuvuna, cishe azilimazi. Kule ndaba, uma kungenjalo ngokushesha ukuvuselelwa, zingagcinwa isikhathi eside ekamelweni elipholile.

Uyazi? Impilo yesitamatisi izokuhlala, uma ubabeka ngeziqu phansi. Futhi izithelo eziluhlaza zizofika ngokushesha, uma uzigcina ndawonye nama-apula.

Izithelo ezisele ezitshalo ezihlahleni ziyakwazi ukuvuthwa. Zigcinwe phansi, efasiteleni futhi ngisho naseqandisini. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphansi linciphisa ikhwalithi kanye nokunambitheka kwesithelo.

Ukuhunyushwa kusuka "itamatisi" yase-Italy kusho "i-apula yegolide". Ngakho ukuhluka kwethu kunegama elingokomfanekiso. Unabalandeli abaningi, kodwa kukhona abaphikisanayo abathi izinhlobo ezindala (uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ubudala), izithelo zincane futhi akuwona wonke umuntu othanda ukunambitheka.

Kodwa siyaqiniseka ukuthi kukhona abathandi abaningi bakaJablonki. Tshala lo utamatisi futhi uzokuthanda ngokuqinisekile. Ukuvuna okuhle ne-bon appetit!