Ukulinywa kweFentsia nokunakekelwa ekhaya nasengadini

AmaFreesias angamalungu omndeni wakwa-Iris. Zingatshalwa ku-greenhouse, engadini, ebhodweni elingaphakathi. Isikhathi sezimbali - kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Izitshalo zasendlini ziyaqhakaza ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo.

Izinhlobo zama-freesia nezinhlobo ezithandwayo

Ngokuthengisiwe ungathola zombili izinhlobo ze-freesia nezinhlobo zezitshalo zasendulo. Okuthandwa kakhulu kubo: I-Armstrong freesia, freesia ephukile ne-hybrid.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani imbali

I-Armstrong (Freesia Armstrongii)

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo 65 cm (+/- 5 cm). Izimbali ezakhiwe njengensimbi zibomvu, zipinki noma zinezimbali ezi-raspberry futhi ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence ama-3-5 pcs. Amacembe ayi-xiphoid futhi mide. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni.

I-Armstrong

I-Alba (Freesia Refracta var. Alba)

I-Alba iyi-subspecies ye-Freesia Refracta emhlophe (ekhishwe kabusha). Inezimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe zeqhwa ezinomsuka ophuzi-ophuzi. Eziphondweni kukhona imichilo ebubende. Isitshalo sincane ukuphakama (cishe ama-40 cm). Izimbali ziqala ngo-Ephreli.

Alba

Okufakwayo (Freesia Refracta Odorata)

Enye imininingwane engaphansi kweFreesia Refracta. Isitshalo esine-inflorescence ecwebezelayo enezimbali ezingama-5-7. Anombala onsomi opendile onemithambo ebomvu. UFreesia ukhipha iphunga eligcwele lomnduze wesigodi. Ukuphakama cm- 40-50 cm.Uqhakaza kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Meyi.

Unephunga Elimnandi

Izindlela zokusakazeka ezisetshenziselwa ingadi nezimbali zasendlini

I-Freesia isakazeka ngosizo lwamadolo endodakazi noma yembewu. Wabasaqalayo, indlela yokuqala kufanelekile, ngosizo lwayo ungasithola isitshalo esisha masisha futhi kalula.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Bulb

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izingane ziqala ukuvela kunhlamvu kamama. Ngemuva kokuchitha ama-buds owomile, udinga ukunciphisa zonke izimbali namahlamvu asele. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, isitshalo sizosebenzisa izinsiza ekwakhiweni kwembewu, hhayi ukukhula kwe-bulb.

Izingane zihlukaniswa isibani sikamama futhi zigcinwa zodwa. Ama-bulbs endodakazi atshalwe emhlabathini ngasikhathi sinye njengama-bulbs omama ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ingxube yesihlabathi namalahle omhlabathi kufanele ifakwe egumbini lokuphumula lokutshala.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Hhayi indlela ejwayelekile yokusakazeka kwezitshalo, ngoba inqubo ithatha unyaka. Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ukuqala kwentwasahlobo. Imbewu yeFreesia i-burgundy, ecwebezelayo, efana namajikijolo.

Ekuqaleni kukaMashi, afakwa emanzini abandayo usuku. Ngokulandelayo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokuningana enhlanganisweni enezakhi ze-humus, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ungqimba lwamanzi odaka olwandisiwe, ngoba amanzi amaningi azowonakalisa lesi sitshalo.

Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu. Kabili ngosuku kufanele kuvulwe, okwenza airing. Kungakapheli amasonto ayi-1-2, kuzovela amahlumela amancane, okuvame ukuniselwa kuwo ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Ngemuva kwenyanga, ifilimu iyasuswa.

UFreesia: Ukulima nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle

ECentral Russia, ukufika endaweni evulekile kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezimweni zezulu zase-Urals naseSiberia, kunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa i-freesia. Ngenxa yehlobo elifushane, isitshalo esinesikhathi eside sokukhula asinaso isikhathi sokuhluma futhi siqhakaze. Ngalesi sizathu, ukhula ekhaya ebhodweni futhi kuphela ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kutyalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukhule endaweni ebamba ukushisa.

Ilungiselela ama bulbs wokutshala

I-Freesia kufanele ilungiselelwe ukufika emhlabeni ngasekupheleni kukaMashi. Amabhuleki akhiwe ebusika ayasuswa, ahlanzwa futhi afakwe i-1 i-fung fung. Ngemuva kwalokho zingatshalwa emhlabathini.

Ukufakelwa

Ukujula komgodi kufanele kube ngu-5 cm, futhi nebanga phakathi kwama-tubers - cm 5-10. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi kumele idalulwe bese ifafazwa nge-peat ukuze izimpande zesihlahla zingapheli. Ngo-Agasti, ukuqhakaza kuzoqala, okuzoqhubeka kuze kube ukuqala kuka-Okthoba.

Ukugwema ukudonswa kwamanzi, okungabulala i-freesia, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi. Ingqimba yobumba olwandisiwe ithululelwa emiseleni enobude obuyi-15 cm. Phezulu ngumhlaba onempilo, lapho kubekwa khona ama noma ama-tuber ahlume ngesitshalo. Konke lokhu kufafazwa emhlabeni.

Ungayinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimbali

Ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-shrub freesia idinga ukudla okuhambisana. Ngemuva kokuhluma, baphathwa nge-ammonium nitrate, bese kuba nosawoti we-superphosphate nosawoti we potassium njalo emavikini amabili. IFreesia, etshalwa futhi inakekelwa engadini, iniselwa kakhulu njalo ekuseni. Umhlaba kumele ukhululwe ukhululwe.

Ungasilungisa kanjani isitshalo ebusika

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa kuyancishiswa, bese kuyeka ngokuphelele. Amabhuleki ahlala emhlabathini aze afike ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukuze isitshalo siphile ebusika, kumele sithunyelwe ukuyogcinwa.

Isitoreji se-Bulb

Amabhuleki kufanele abiwe, anqume amaqabunga asele, agezwe ngaphansi kwamanzi apholile futhi afakwe kwisisombululo se-potanganum permanganate ihora eli-1. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele omiswe izinsuku ezinhlanu endaweni eyomile.

UFreesia: ukutshala nokunakekela imbali ebhodweni ekhaya

I-Freesia, ukulima nokunakekela ikhaya okulula futhi okulula, umhlaba ngezinkathi ezintathu ongakhetha kuzo:

• kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba;
• kusukela maphakathi noMeyi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti;
• kusukela maphakathi no-November kuya maphakathi no-February;

Izitshalo zibekwa embizeni enezinhlanganisela zobumba zomhlaba we-turf, i-peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 1: 1. Embizeni engu-3 l, awukwazi ukutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha.

Izimo zokuboshwa

I-Freesia isitshalo esisetshenziswayo futhi sidinga ukukhanyiswa amahora ayi-12 ngosuku. Ukusuka ekuchayweni kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kuyafa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyigcina isesimweni esijana.

Umoya onomswakama uncanyelwa i-freesia, kepha izifo fungal zingakhula kusuka umswakama ngokweqile emoyeni noma enhlabathini. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza imbali kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza ukuze amanzi angangeni ngaphakathi kwamahlumela.

Izici zokunisela nokugqoka okuphezulu

Uhlobo lokuphela komanyolo olufakwa yi-freesia ekhaya yimikhiqizo ewuketshezi. Esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula, kusetshenziswa umanyolo nge-nitrogen, i-iron, i-phosphorus, i-manganese. Amaqabunga aphuziwe - isibonakaliso sokuthi isitshalo sidlulisiwe.

Ukunisela nokondla kwenziwa ekuseni. Imbiza kufanele ibe nesendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi. Isitshalo sizwela ukunisela: ukweqisa noma ukuntuleka kwamanzi akwamukeleki. Inhlabathi iyaniselwa njengoba imile.

Isifo seFentsia

Isitshalo sibhekene nezifo ezifanayo kanye nezinambuzane ezinjenge-gladioli. Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-freesia ingahlushwa ama-aphid, imikhaza, ama-thrips. Izifo ezivame kakhulu: ukubola, utwayi, fusarium. Uma kwenzeka kulimala isitshalo, susa ngokushesha izindawo ezithintekile.

Nge-prophylaxis, ama bulbs angalashwa ngamakhemikhali abulala amagciwane, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Yomibili imikhiqizo esekwe esitolo (i-fungicides) nekhambi elibuthakathaka le-potanganum permanganate ifanelekile. Enye indlela yokuvikela ukutheleleka ukungasebenzisi amanzi abandayo ukunisela. Inketho enhle kakhulu amanzi, amile izinsuku eziningana.

Ngakho-ke, i-freesia ingatshalwa zombili engadini yezimbali emgwaqweni nasekhaya ebhodweni. Into esemqoka ukutadisha imiyalo ukuze ungadidanisi lutho, ngaphandle kwalokho ummeleli ogelezayo we-Irisovs akakwazi ukulinda.