Isizathu sokuthi umhlaba ugcwele ukuqhakaza okumhlophe, kukhona isikhunta, i-midge kanye nephunga elimnandi kusuka ebhodweni

Ukuqala kwabalimi bembali ngokushesha noma esikhathini esizayo babhekene nenkinga yokubonakala koqweqwe olucwengekile lwe-substrate ebhodweni, futhi ngokuvamile lokhu kubangela umuzwa wokukhathazeka ngezitshalo zasendlini. Eqinisweni, lesi simo somhlabathi akuyona inkinga enkulu engalimaza kakhulu lesi sitshalo, kodwa izici zesikhonzi ziyingozi. Namuhla, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe izimbangela ze-plaque emhlophe futhi sihlaziye indlela yokubhekana nale nkinga nokuthi yini okumelwe siyenze esikhathini esizayo ukuvimbela isimo esinjalo se-substrate futhi.

Okuqukethwe:

• Isigqoko esimhlophe phezulu
• Ukuthungwa ngezimbali
• Imijikelezo emhlabathini
• Iphunga elimnandi elivela enhlabathini embizeni yembali
• Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
• Ukubuyekeza

Izinkinga zePotted Ground

Ngokuvamile, izimbali zasendlini zibhubha ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko ithinta le substrate futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuphazamise izimpande zesitshalo.

Isigqoko esimhlophe phezulu

Uma i-substrate iphendulela emhlophe e-flowerpot, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isitshalo singakunakekelwa kahle, ngakho okokuqala kubalulekile ukukhomba izimbangela ezibangele inkinga. Izimbangela ze

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuvela kwe-substrate emhlophe, phakathi kwazo kukhona:

• Ukuphuza njalo njalo - Amasila avela emhlabathini ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanzi.
• Ukunisela okungavamile okuncane - Amasila angakwazi ukubuthelela emhlabathini. Kulesi simo, ingqimba engezansi yenhlabathi ebhodweni iyancipha, futhi amanzi aphelisa kuphela isendlalelo esiphezulu se-substrate, okubangela ukuba isihenqo esimhlophe sibonakale.
• Ukunganelisi komoya umswakama kubangelwa uketshezi olushukela kakhulu oluye lwawela embizeni yembali - kulokhu, usawoti uqoqa ngokugcwele engxenyeni engenhla ye-substrate. Inhlabathi iba saline, echaphazela ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwezitshalo.
• Umanyolo uphelele ngokweqile. Uma izimbali zondla kaningi noma ukugqoka okuphakeme kakhulu, i-substrate ingase igubungulwe nge-crust emhlophe.
• I-Substrate ekhethiwe engakhethi yokutshala izitshalo. Ukuthenga esitolo, qaphela ilebula. Kunezimo zokuthenga i-substrate jikelele esetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo. Le nhlabathi ikhathazwa ngokukhethekile nge-supplements eziningi ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula okusheshayo kwembewu. Kulokhu, i-white bloom iqala ukwakha phezulu, futhi lokhu kungathinta impilo yezimbali zasendlini.
• Ukungahambisani nokulinganisa komthamo webhodlela kuya kwesayizi sitshalo. Njengoba wazi, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukukhetha usayizi webhodlela kangangokuthi ukhulu kakhulu kunomuthi ozotshala kuwo. Uma ungayinaki le mithetho futhi uthenge ibhodlela elikhulu, uthele i-substrate eningi khona bese utshala isitshalo encane, khona-ke izimpande zayo ngeke zikwazi ukumbumba umswakama ozosetshenziswa enhlabathini. Ngakho, nge-evaporation esebenzayo yalokho oketshezi, imbobo ihlanganiswa ngokushesha ne-white bloom.

Ukwelashwa komhlabathi

Kunezinketho eziningana zokubhekana nokuqhakaza okumhlophe emhlabathini ezimbizeni zembali. Udinga ukukhetha indlela efanele ngokwakho ngokwesizathu senkinga.

Ekhaya, kuyasiza ukukhula i-chlorophytum, i-aloe, i-laurel, i-ficus, i-kalanchoe, i-chrysanthemum, i-cactus, i-pelargonium, i-sansevieriya.

Ukubeka phezu kwe-substrate kwakhiwa kancane kancane futhi kwakungaphenduki, kuphakanyiswa ukuba ufafaze ngobumba phezulu.

Kubalulekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi emva kwesikhathi esithile idiphozi emhlophe ingakwazi futhi ukuxazulula ngobumba obunwetshiwe: kulokhu, umsele ophezulu ususwe, wageza kahle futhi ubuyele emuva ebhodweni.

Kunenye indlela yokulwa nale nkinga - kulolu setshenziso lomhlabathi. Balala phezulu kwe-substrate bese bekhulula inhlabathi kahle ngenduku. Ukukhwabanisa okunjalo ngeke kugweme kuphela ukubonakala kwezimhlophe ezimhlophe kwi-substrate, kodwa futhi kuyoba usizo ezimpandeni.

Indlela esheshayo futhi elula ukususa ungqimba ophezulu we-substrate onomhlaba obomhlophe, futhi esikhundleni salokho inhlabathi entsha iyathululelwa. Uma unqume ukuthi isizathu sokubonakala kobumhlophe emhlabathini kungumile womoya ekamelweni, kunconywa ukufaka ibhodlela emgodini owenziwe ngobumba, ovame uketshelwa ngamanzi kusukela ebhodleleni le-spray. Ngale ndlela udala umswakama odingekayo ozungezile ebhodweni futhi uvimbele inkinga ekuthuthukiseni.

Ukuthungwa ngezimbali

Ngokuvamile ukutholakala kwe-plaque emhlophe kuhlotshaniswa nesizathu sezinto eziphilayo - ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlamvu ze-fungal nokubonakala kwesikhunta kwi-substrate. Lesi simo sibangela ukunakekelwa okungalungile imbali noma ithonya lamanye amathonya angendawo emvelo.

Uyazi? Isibungu singokwezinto eziphilayo kakhulu zasendulo emhlabeni: kubonakala eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200 edlule. Ngenkathi ikhona, isikhunta sikwazi ukuvumelanisa nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke futhi sisinde kuma-glaciers, ezindaweni ezingasakazwayo futhi endaweni evulekile.

Ngokuvamile isikhunta sokuqala sibonakala endaweni lapho inhlabathi nommbila kufinyelela khona. Umphumela walokhu kuhlangana kubonakala ngokuqhakaza okumhlophe noma okunsundu okusabalalisa ngesivinini esikhulu. Uma ungayiboni imbangela yale nkinga, umoya ugcwala inani elikhulu lezinhlamvu ze-fungal, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esakha ngokushesha amakoloni ifomu lefungi, futhi imbali iyafa.

Sikukwazisa ukuthi uthole ukuthi iziphi izimbali ezingcono kakhulu ezimbizeni.

Izimbangela ze

Ezimweni eziningi, ukubonakala kwesikhunta ebhodweni kungumphumela wethonya kwi-substrate yanoma yiziphi izici ezimbi.

Kulesi simo, kunezizathu eziningana zokuthuthukisa isikhunta:

1. Ukuchelela ngokweqile nokwehla kwamanzi ku-substrate. Njengomphumela we-overmoistening njalo, izinhlamvu ze-fungus zikhula ngokushesha, futhi isikhunta sakha.
2. Ukushisa okuphansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu ekamelweni kuyindawo enhle yokuthuthukiswa kwefungus.
3. Ukuphuza njalo umhlabathi ngamanzi abandayo.
4. Ukungahoxisi noma ukungasebenzisi ngendlela efanele emanzini kuholela ekuvinjweni kwezimbobo ebhodweni futhi kuhoxise ukuqhuma kwamanzi emhlabathini, okubangela ukusakazeka kwefungus.
5. Ukusebenzisa isikhunta esingcolile nge-spores isikhunta sokutshala izimbali.

Kubalulekile! Ngokuvamile i-fungus iqala ezindaweni ezingenawo umoya entwasahlobo nasekwindla, lapho umswakama uphakeme, indawo ebandayo, futhi ukukhuphuka komswakama okuvela emhlabathini kuyinto encane.

Ukwelashwa komhlabathi

Ngokuvamile isizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta ebhodweni ukuchelela ngokweqile kanye nomswakama, ngakho-ke uma izilonda ze-fungal ziphawulwe ku-substrate, kudingekile kuqala ukulungisa isimiso sokunisela. Ngenxa yalokhu, imvamisa yokunisela iyancishiswa futhi ivolumu yetshezi yancipha.

Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani izitshalo zasendlini ekamelweni lokulala.

Uma imbali idinga ukuchelela okungavamile kepha okunamandla, kuyadingeka, emva kokuketshelwa kwenhlabathi ngayinye, ukuphulula i-substrate ngenduku yokhuni, kuya ekujuleni okukhulu, kufikela emanzini.

Uma kukhululeka kuyadingeka ukuba usebenze ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.

Ukuze uvikele imbali emonakalweni futhi ususe isikhunta ebhodweni, kutuswa ukuba wenze okulandelayo:

1. Hlanganisa ingxenye yangaphandle ye-substrate ethintekile yi-fungus. Kudingekile ukwenza lokhu ukukhwabanisa masinya, ngokushesha nje lapho i-foci yokuqala ye-mold fungi itholakele. Uma ulinda kancane ngokususwa, ukutheleleka kuzoqala ukungena emgqeni wangaphakathi wenhlabathi, okuzokwenza isitshalo sibole futhi sife.
2. Phatha ingqimba engezansi ye-substrate ngamanzi acidikhi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isipuni se-citric acid sichitha ingilazi yamanzi. Ngenxa yalesi sitshalo, izinhlamvu ze-fungus ngeke zande futhi zizofa maduzane.
3. Ingxenye engekho ye-substrate ebhodweni kufanele igcwale inhlabathi entsha, lapho ungengeza khona ama-bactericidal agents, oklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukumelana nomkhuhlane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amalahle afanelekile, aphuhliwe abe yizicucu ezincane, noma i-sphagnum.
4. Ngemuva kokusebenza okusebenzayo, i-substrate ithuliswa ngesixazululo se "Fundazol" (1 l amanzi kanye no-2 g womkhiqizo). Uma isikhunta sishaya imbali, siphathwe nesisombululo se-spray.

Phatha ungqimba ophansi we-substrate nge-citric acid.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi isikhunta sisakaze ezingxenyeni ezingezansi ze-substrate, ungazama ukulondoloza imbali ngokuyifaka. Ukwenza lokhu, uyisuse ngokucophelela ebhodweni, uhlanze ngokucophelela izimpande ezivela ku-substrate. Okulandelayo, tshala imbali ngendlela evamile.

Abanye abalimi basebenzisa amakhemikhali aklanyelwe ukunciphisa isikhunta, ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngabo lungatholakala esitolo esikhethekile.

Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha lezo zimali, kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela ilebula kumkhiqizo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akulimazi isitshalo.

Imijikelezo emhlabathini

Ngokuvamile izimbali zasendlini zithinteka yi-midges, ebonakala ngenxa yokungalandeli imithetho yokunakekelwa. Okuvamile kakhulu yi-poduras kanye ne-stsiaridy - imifula yamapulazi, okugxila kokubili inhlabathi kanye nengxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo. Abazilimazi imbali, kodwa izibungu zabo zingabangela umonakalo omkhulu - zithinte ukukhula, ziholele ekuqotheni amaqabunga nezimbali. Izimbangela ze

Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko zokubukeka kwemaphakathi kukhona:

1. Ukuchelela ngokweqile kwezitshalo. Inhlabathi engapheliyo yonke indawo yindawo ekahle yomsebenzi obalulekile nokukhiqizwa kwamaphakathi.
2. Ukungcola komhlaba owawuthola ukutshala izitshalo.
3. Ukuphuza imbali ngeziphuzo ezingenhloso yalokhu. Isibonelo, abanye abesifazana bakhetha ukutshala izitshalo zokubasa ngetiyi ukuphuza, okwezinye izikhathi kuba yimbangela yokulimala kwezinambuzane.

Sikululeka ukuthi ufunde ngezitshalo ezingu-15 ezinhle kakhulu zasendlini zendlu yakho.

Ukwelashwa komhlabathi

Kunezindlela eziningana eziphumelelayo ezingabhekana nezinambuzane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: umzimba, amakhemikhali kanye nabantu.

Izindlela zomzimba zokulawula izinambuzane zihlanganisa:

• ukufakelwa emhlabathini omusha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbali isuswe ngokucophelela embizeni, izimpande zisuswe inhlabathi engcolisiwe, futhi zifakelwe kabusha ngendlela evamile, zibheke zonke izici zesitshalo;

Kubalulekile! Ibhodlela lapho imbali ikhona khona kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ngamanzi asosi bese ihlanza ngamanzi abilayo.

• ukushintshwa okuyingxenye ye-substrate. Uma zingekho eziningi izimpukane ezigqwetshiwe, ungazisusa ngokususa phezulu. Ukwenza lokhu, uhlungwa ngokucophelela futhi uphonswe kude, futhi i-voids igcwele i-substrate entsha.

Amakhemikhali ekubhujisweni kwezinambuzane athengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi anjalo kulula, futhi ngokushesha bayabhekana nalo msebenzi. Imithi enjalo ithulwe ngesimo se "Muhoed", "Fufanona", "Agravertina", "Fitoverma", "Aktar". Kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa ngokulandela imfundo ecaciswe kulebula.

Ngokuvamile, izitshalo zasendlini zihlaselwa yizinambuzane. Funda ukuthi ungasusa kanjani izinambuzane ezincane, ama-thrips kanye nezinambuzane zesicabucabu.

Phakathi kwamakhambi omuntu ekulweni nokusetshenziswa kwe-midges kuvelele:

• isisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlela i-potassium permanganate emalitha amanzi - esihlalweni sommese, ukuze uketshezi luphenduke umthunzi omnyama obomvu. Gcoba ingxube enomphumela kanye nembali kanye nezinsuku eziyisihlanu bese uphefaza njalo ngebhokisi le-spray;
• izindlela ezingalungile. Lezi zihlanganisa ugwayi, ukhuni, u-garlic noma i-orange peel, ezihanjiswa phezu kwe-substrate. Izindlela ezinjalo ngenxa yephunga ziyethusa izimpukane ezimnyama futhi ungazivumeli ukuba zikhona ngokujwayelekile.

I-VIDEO: INDLELA YOKUTHOLA UKUHLELA KUCATS KANYE NESIZA

Iphunga elimnandi elivela enhlabathini embizeni yembali

Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi inhlabathi ebhodweni iqala ukuhogela ngokungajabuli - lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokubheka i-substrate kanye nokuqala kwenqubo yokubopha uhlelo lwempande yembali. Le nkinga ihlobene ngokuqondile nokunakekelwa okungalungile, futhi ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenze ngokushesha, ngokushesha uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala zokubheka.

Izimbangela ze

Phakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-acidification yenhlabathi kukhona kanje:

1. Ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kwezitshalo ezivela e-substrate lapho bekukhona lapho uthenga khona esitolo sembali. Le nhlabathi iminyene kakhulu futhi iyabangela ukuba isitshalo sibole.
2. Ukukhula enhlabathini enamandla eyodaka, engafanele lesi sitshalo futhi ibangela ukubola kwayo.
3. Ukuphuza ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasebusika, noma ukuhambisa imbali endaweni emnyama, ebandayo.
4. Azikho izimbobo ze-drainage noma ze-drainage.
5. Ukungafani phakathi kwamabhodlela ebhodweni kanye nobukhulu besitshalo.

Ukwelashwa komhlabathi

Ngenxa yokucubungula kwenhlabathi, ingozi yokubhujiswa okuphelele kwesitshalo iphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukuze ulondoloze, kubalulekile ukususa imbali ebhodweni nokuhlola uhlelo lwempande. Uma izimpande zingonakalisiwe, ibhola lomhlaba lihlanganiswe ephephandabeni noma impahla ekhethekile yokugcoba emigqeni eminingi. Lesi sitshalo sifakwa endaweni efudumele, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.

Hlola izici zemivini ekhulayo yasendlini.

Ukuguqula ngezikhathi ezithile izinto ezithinta umswakama kuze kube yilapho uketshezi luyeka ukuvuza emhlabathini. I-Perlite yezitshalo Ngemuva kokuba i-clod isomile, ifakwe e-perlite futhi itshalwe ebhodweni elidala. Esikhathini esithile emva kokutshala, kunconywa ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela emoyeni ohlelweni lwesitshalo sesitshalo.

Uma ngemuva kokukhipha i-clod yodaka, kutholakala izimpande, kufanele uqale ukufakelwa isitshalo esakhiweni esisha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izimpande zesitshalo ngangokunokwenzeka zihlanza i-substrate endala, unqume izimpande ezibolile futhi uphathe indawo enqunywe ngokhuni oluchotshoziwe noma amalahle asebenzayo. Okulandelayo, isitshalo sitshalwe emhlabathini omusha.

Uyazi? Florist ohlangenwe nakho Amalahle avame ukusetshenziswa njengamanzi - akwazi ukukhipha usawoti oyosindisa inhlabathi ekuboneni. Ukuqoqa uketshezi okwedlulele ngokwako, amalahle avimbela ukudlula, kanti lapho kungekho khona ukuphuza kunika umswakama esihlahleni.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Ukuze ungazitholi izitshalo ukuhlolwa ngesimo isikhunta isikhunta, ama-fly fly noma ukuvuna i-substrate, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho ethile ekunakekeleni inhlabathi ezimbizeni zemifino futhi njalo usebenzise ukuvimbela.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

1. Ngokuvamile, kodwa hhayi ukuchelela ngokweqile.
2. Khetha imbiza ngokusho kwesitshalo.
3. Umsele omuhle, okhethiwe ngokuya ngobukhulu bemigodi ebhodweni, ukuze ungabonakali.
4. Ukukhishwa njalo kwenhlabathi ukutholakala okuvamile kwe-oksijeni nokuvuza kwamanzi abilayo ezingxenyeni ezingezansi ze-substrate.
5. Ukwelashwa komhlabathi ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate isikhathi 1 ngenyanga.
6. Ukukhipha ngendlela efanele ekamelweni lapho kukhona khona izitshalo, ukugcina izinga lokushisa elihle kanye nomswakama.
7. Ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi yekhwalithi, edayiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile futhi ifakwe emasakeni esikhwameni.
8. Ukuqothulwa kwenhlabathi okuthengwe ngaphambi kokutshala imbali nge-potassium permanganate.

Ngakho-ke, ukubonakala kwesikhunta, i-patina emhlophe, iphunga elimnandi noma ama-midge emhlabathini wezimbiza zezimbali lihlobene ngqo nokunakekelwa okungafanele kwezitshalo. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zokunakekela imbali nokugcina izinyathelo zokuzivikela, kanti uma kwenzeka inkinga, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze ugcine isitshalo siphelile.

Ukubuyekeza