Lesi sitshalo sasaziwa kubantu basendulo futhi sasithandwa kakhulu kunanamuhla. Izinganekwane eziningi zinikelwa kuye futhi izakhiwo eziningi zemilingo zithathwa. Funda konke mayelana nesame: izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo, imithetho yokulima nokusebenzisa ngayo imithi yendabuko.
Incazelo
I-Sesame evamile (i-Indian, i-sesame noma i-Simsim) - isithombo seminyaka yonke, singomndeni wesasame. Ukuphakama kwalo kufinyelela ku-1.5-3 m.
Uyazi? AmaJapane, awaziwa isikhathi eside, asebenzisa isisame ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izakhamuzi zomhlaba. Ubude bompilo babo buxhomeke kulesi sitshalo, esihlanza futhi siqinisa imithwalo yegazi.
Inezimpande ezithakazelisayo ezingena emhlabathini 1 m ubujulile. Amagatsha amane noma octahedral. Amaqabunga aphansi aphikisana, ngokuqhubekayo ukulandelana kokukhula kubonakala. Amhlophe amakhulu, ukhilimu, izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zikhula "ema-axil" amaqabunga. Isikhathi sokumbali sikhuluma ngoJuni-Julayi, izithelo zivela ekwindla - ngo-September-Okthoba. Izinqwaba (kuze kube yizicucu ezingu-80-100) imbewu ye-ovoid yembala emnyama neyimhlophe ikhona ebhokisini elinama-multi-faceded ne-top conical kanye ne-bottom round. Ubude bayo buba ngu-3 cm.
Lesi sitshalo sithole ukusakazwa okukhulu kakhulu e-Afrika, e-India, e-China, eMpumalanga Ekude nase-Asia Ephakathi. IMyanmar (eBurma) iqala ukulima, ilandelwa iNdiya neChina. Ukuthandwa nokudinga i-sesame kuhlobene nembewu yayo kanye namafutha akhiqizwa kuwo. 
Ukwakhiwa nekhalori
Ukwakhiwa kwe-100 g ye-sesame kuhlanganisa:
- amaprotheni - 19.2 g;
- amanoni - 49 g;
- amanzi - 9 g;
- i-fiber yokudla - 5.5 g;
- umlotha - 4.46 g;
- i-fatty acids acids (linoleic, oleic, palmitic, linolenic, stearic) - 6.4 g;
- i-monosaccharides - 2 g;
- i-polysaccharides - 2 g;
- isitashi - 10 g;
- i-potassium - 495 g;
- i-calcium - 1470 mg;
- i-magnesium - 540 mg;
- i-sodium, i-75 mg;
- i-phosphorus - 721 mg;
- insimbi - 15 mg;
- i-vitamin b1;
- i-vitamin B2;
- i-vitamin E;
- i-vitamin PP;
- antioxidants - lignans; phytosterols.
Kanye nesame, futhi basebenzisa i-verbena, i-anemone (i-anemone), i-nutmeg, i-amaranth, i-Lindind, anyanisi, i-elecampane, i-basil, i-raspberry ne-meadow sage ngemibanda.
Okuqukethwe kwe-caloric esilinganisweni esingu-565 kcal, i-sesame iqukethe amakholori amaningi - 884 kcal. Abantu abakhathazekile ngesisindo sabo noma abanenkinga kuso kufanele baqaphele ukusebenzisa amafutha esesame. Okungenjalo yizitshalo noma abantu abathi izimiso ze-syroedeniya.Uyazi? Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali ze-sesame ngayinye kuthatha usuku olulodwa nje, emva kwalokho isithelo sakha ngokushesha.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo zesame
I-Sesame iqukethe ama-antioxidants anjalo njenge-sesaminol ne-sesamol, okuqukethwe okunye kwezinye imikhiqizo enganaki, noma ngisho nokulingana ngokuphelele ne-zero. Kodwa izakhiwo zalo eziwusizo azigcini kulokhu:
- i-sesame iwuhlelo oluhle kakhulu lwezemvelo lwezinqubo zamathambo emzimbeni. Uphumelela ekukhipheni "ama-plaque" e-cholesterol ngempumelelo ezindongeni zegazi, okuyinto enhle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-thrombosis, i-atherosclerosis, isifo, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme nezinye izifo zesimiso senhliziyo;
- ngokudla okuvamile kwamafutha esisame, ukwakheka kwegazi ukuguquka, i-coagulability yayo iyanda;
- i-sesame iyakwazi ukukhulula ubuhlungu obuhlangene kuphela, kodwa futhi iqede kancane kancane izimbangela zesimo sayo;
- kuvimbela izifo ze-thyroid nama-pancreas, amaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi;
- Amafutha aseSesame enza njenge-laxative emnene, akwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga nge-defecation. Ukwenza lokhu, kwanele kusihlwa ngaphambi kokuthatha isipuni samafutha ngaphambi kokulala. Izosiza le remedy imilingo ye-gastritis, izifo zesisu;
- Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium kwenza kube usizo kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabesifazane ekuqedeni kokuya esikhathini futhi banenkinga ngamathambo amakhulu, amazinyo, njll;
- Kuwusizo kakhulu kumama abahlengikazi, ikakhulukazi uma i-lactation isanda ngcono. Uma kwenzeka i-mastitis, i-sesame yamafutha kufanele isetshenziswe ezindaweni eziyinkinga. Ngalesi sizathu, ungenza futhi i-compress yezinhlamvu ze-sesame ezichotshoziwe namafutha yemifino;
- Sesame futhi ibhekisela kuma-aphrodisiacs - kwandisa isifiso sobulili;
- Amalungiselelo okugcoba amafutha ayenziwe ngawo, amafutha asetshenziselwa amafutha, amafutha okuphulukisa amagciwane kanye nokugqoka;
- Amafutha asetshenziselwa i-cosmetology. It isetshenziselwa masks for isikhumba esicasulayo, esomile futhi ebucayi. Kanye ngesonto emva kokuhlanza nge-scrub, yifake ebusweni, entanyeni nasezindaweni zokuqothula njenge-ukhilimu onomsoco;
- ithuthukisa isimo sezipikili nezinwele;.
- amanye amafutha athengiswa kuma-pastries nama-saladi.
Ngaphezu kwesimiso, izitshalo ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa nezifo zesimiso senhliziyo: izaqathe, i-radishes, i-calendula, i-hawthorn (i-glod), i-goof yesiliva, i-basil, ama-eggplants, i-aconite, i-filbert, i-ten (amaningi-ithambile) kanye ne-yasenets (isihlahla esingavuthayo).
Isicelo Sesame
Lesi siko se-oilseed sisetshenziselwa ezindaweni eziningi zokuphila - kusukela ekuphekeni kumithi (kokubili ethandwa futhi esemthethweni).
Ekuphekeni
Umlando we-Culinary we-sesame unezinkulungwane eziningana. Ngisho namafasitela, okuchaza umpheki weGibithe, ofafaza isinkwa sembewu efana nembewu yesame, asinda. Lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo sisebenzisa okuningi ekuphekeni:
- imbewu inomusa omuhle, futhi amaqabunga abukeka njenge-pepper. Lapho ugosa noma ubhaka, unikeza izitsha ukunambitheka okumangalisayo okumangalisayo. Ngakho-ke, sekuyisikhathi eside sekusetshenziswe njengensipho. Ukunambitheka kwenzalo kuxhomeke ekudleni kwabo. I-sweetly immature sweet, futhi iqoqwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inephunga elithile elimnandi nelinambitheka njenge nut;
- esetshenziswe njengebhaka lokubhaka - ama-rolls, amakhukhi, isinkwa, ama-crackers;
- njengokudla okungavamile - lapho upheka inyama nenhlanzi izitsha;
- Banikezela ukudla okusanhlamvu, ama-muesli noma ama-dessert;
- i-halva, i-baklava, i-roast, i-hummus inzuzo kuleyo ndawo;
- Imbewu enamapulangwe isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-sauces, ama-gravies, ama-casseroles, kanye nezinkathi zokwenza inyama, izinkukhu noma izitsha zokudoba.
- yengeze kumakhowe, isobho lesenyama;
- Amafutha avame ukusetshenziselwa amasaladi, imifino kanye okusanhlamvu;
- Amaqabunga asitshalo athuliswa kahle, futhi futhi "njenge-wrapper" yamalayisi elayisi.
E-cosmetology, basebenzisa i-momordica, i-purslane, i-marigolds, i-nasturtium, i-leek, i-cherry ye-bird, i-rosemary, i-cornflower, i-broccoli, ingadi engavamile, i-soapworm (saponaria), uju kanye ne-lime.
Emithi yokwelapha
Izakhiwo zokuphulukisa ze-same zasetshenziswa izizukulwane ezingaphezu kwesinye sezidokotela neziguli. Ngokuyinhloko, u-Avicenna wacabangela amafutha esisame ukuze akwazi ukubhekana nezinhlobo ezithile zezifo, ukukhulula ikhanda, ukuvuselela umsebenzi wegciwane lesisu kanye nokufaka amandla nokuhlanzeka kwezwi.
Sesame (imbewu namafutha) sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo eziningi. Ngakho, ngosizo lwamafutha unga:
- ukuqeda izinkinga zomlomo womlomo - amazinyo, ama-caries, stomatitis, isifo se-periodontal, i-plaque yamazinyo nolimi. Ukwenza lokhu, kwanele ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho ukuthatha isipuni samafutha emlonyeni wakho bese usihlafuna emlonyeni wakho, ngaphandle kokugwinya, imizuzu emihlanu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungathathi ikhefu kule nqubo yansuku zonke.
- ngenxa yemakhaza, amafutha atshisa phezu kokugeza okugcobayo agxila esifubeni nasemhlane wesiguli ebusuku.
- nge-angina, pharyngitis - ngendlela yokushisa kuthathwa ngomlomo (isigamu isipuni 2 izikhathi ngosuku).
- ne-gastritis, i-colitis - esiswini esingenalutho ngesimo sokushisa, isigamu sesipuni isipuni kanye ngosuku.
- I-otitis: 1-2 amaconsi amafutha afudumele angcwatshwa ezindlebeni izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
- nge-bronchitis - 1 tbsp. isipuni izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku.
- ukuthuthukisa ukugaya igazi - izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, 1 tbsp. spoon isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokudla.
- i-dermatitis - ngesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1, ijusi le-aloe, ijusi lamagilebhisi namafutha esisame ahlanganisiwe, ingxube ixubene ezindaweni ezithintekayo. Ungaphinda uhlanganise ne-napkins ngalesi sakhi bese uwasebenzisa njengengubo yokuphulukisa.
- lapho ukucasuka kweso - kungcwaba izikhathi ezingu-1 eziphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2 ngosuku
Izinkinga zesikhumba, kuphakanyiswa futhi: i-comfrey (i-zhivokost yezokwelapha), i-horsetail (i-sausage), i-anise, i-asparagusi, i-verbena, i-mordovnik, i-parsnip, i-peony, i-melon, i-honey acacia ne-feijoa.
Imbewu yeSesame isetshenziselwa:
- ukuthukuthela - imbewu ibe umxube we-powder noju bese wengeza amanzi amancane abilisiwe. Thatha izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku noma kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimpawu;
- i-neuralgia - imbewu ehlutshiwe futhi eqoshiwe (1 tbsp) ithathwa isikhathi 1 ngosuku, ihlanzwa ngamanzi abilayo;
- i-mastitis - imbewu egosiwe echotshoziwe emanzini, exutshwe namafutha yemifino bese isetshenziselwa ezindaweni ezinzima nezibuhlungu zesifuba;
- ukuphuma esikhathini sokuya - 1 tbsp. I-spoonful of imbewu eluhlaza nsuku zonke ukuze udle, ukuhlafuna kahle. Uhlaziya ukuntuleka kwama-hormone ocansini wesifazane ngalesi sikhathi. Kukholelwa ukuthi abesifazane besifazane "berry" (emva kweminyaka engama-45) kumele bazise le spice ekudleni kwabo. Futhi, imbewu ye-sesame iye yasetshenziselwa ukupheka kwabantu ukuvuselelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa ngobuningi obulinganayo imbewu yesame, ushukela oluyimpuphu ne-ginger oluyimpuphu. Thatha isipuni se-dessert nsuku zonke.
Kanye nesame, nezinkinga zesisu, okulandelayo kusetshenziselwa: isitsha sokugeza, i-calendula, i-sage (salvia), utshani utshani, i-linden, i-chervil, i-lyubka i-leaved, i-watercress, i-yucca, i-lydka, i-viburnum buldenezh, i-goldenrod, i-anyan-slizun, i-peanut, i-oregano (i-oregano ) kanye neklabishi yase Kale.
Ukutshalwa kweSesame
Njengoba i-sesame ihlala e-Afrika, ngisho nasesimweni sethu sezulu sikhula kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
Kubalulekile! Abantu abaphethwe yisifo sezinso kanye nesistimu ye-excretory, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sesame kuyaphikisana.
Ukulungiselela
Ekuqaleni, isivuno sisezingeni eliphezulu lembewu. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuzithenga ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ukutshala kudinga imbewu eluhlaza. I-Sesame idinga kakhulu umsebenzi we-solar, nasemhlabathini. Ikhetha i-loamy ekhanyayo, i-chernozem enesihlabathi ngokulala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kufanele ikhululiwe, ifakwe, ifakwe ukhula futhi ifakwe. Ukuntuleka kokhula kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukhula aluyikuvumela ukuthi amahlumela abuthakathaka abuye akhule kancane kancane ukuze athuthuke ngokujwayelekile. Ukudinga amanzi kuyadingeka. 
Imbewu yeSesame
Ukutshala umhlabathi kubalulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uvumelane kokubili umanyolo we-organic and amaminerali - i-nitrogen, i-phosphate ne-potash. Ammonium nitrate izodinga 30 g / m2, i-potassium chloride - 20 g / m2, superphosphate - 100 g / m2. Umquba, umquba, umsila we-beet pulp uyofaneleka njengama-fertilizer eziphilayo. Izinga lesicelo lomanyolo ngu-10-15 t / ha.
Imbewu yokutshala
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezweni elifudumalayo - kuze kufike ku +16 - + 20 ° С, lapho usongo lwe-frosts ludlulile. Indawo kumele ilanga, njengoba isamisi yisitshalo esithisa ukushisa. Ehlabathini enomsoco, imifula yenziwa, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-50-60 cm. Ukujula kokutshala yi--2-3 cm Emva kwalokhu, imbewu phezulu ibuye ihlanganiswe umhlaba futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Amahlumela ngokuvamile avela ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10. 
Izithombo zeSesame
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, izwe kufanele lihlale likhululiwe, ngoba uma i-crust dry crust efomini, kuyoba nzima ukuba amahlumela aphule. Ngemuva kokubukeka kwabo, ukuhlunga (ukusika noma ukuphuluka ngesandla) izithombo zenziwa uma kunesidingo. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo akumele lidlule u-6-10 cm.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu ye-sunflower echotshoziwe emanzini ithola umzimba ngokugcwele. Igobolondo elinzima lapho ehlanganiswe khona nje ayinikezi ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izinto eziwusizo eziqukethwe kwisame, ngakho-ke kuhleleka ukugaya isame ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Ukunakekela
Ukunakekelwa kweSesame kulula futhi kwehlela eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, kufanele kube: ukuchelela okulinganiselayo, ukukhulula inhlabathi nokususa ukhula. I-Sesame idonsa kakhulu inhlabathi futhi ibucayi kakhulu ekukhuliseni, okwenziwe kahle ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa amaqabunga amabili wesibili. 
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Isibonakaliso sokuvuna kungukushintsha kombala wesitshalo kusuka eluhlaza kuze kufike obomvu, ukuphoqa nokuma amaqabunga aphansi. Amabhokisi agcwele imbewu, aqoqwe ngokucophelela. Ngaphambi kokuba izitshalo zisakaze ingubo ukuze kugweme ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yesitshalo. Kunconywa ukuqoqa njengemvula esomile ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma isivuno sithola sikhuni, imbewu izonambitha okumuncu. Ukuvunwa kugcinwe endaweni emnyama futhi eyomile. Ukushisa okulindelekile okugcina isitoreji kuyinto + 9 ° С, umswakama awufanele udlule u-6%. Impilo yesheluli yesitshalo ihlukile, futhi kuncike ezimweni zokugcina. Imbewu engabonakali igcinwa ezitsheni ezivaliwe kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu, esiqandisini - kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya ngonyaka.
Le spice yasendulo ayizange ilahlekelwe inani layo ezweni lanamuhla, kodwa kunalokho liye lazuza. Igama lakhe lokuqala "til", njengenganekwane mayelana no-Ali Babu, ivulela umnyango wezingcebo zangempela - impilo, inhlalakahle nobuhle.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi mayelana nezinzuzo nokusetshenziswa kwesame
Ukunambitheka okumangalisayo kutholakala ku-fried fish fillet okuthosiwe - i-cod noma i-haddock, ifakwe nge-mix of cornmeal ne-black nesame.
Isici esihlukile salesi spice ukuthi asikwazi ukunqotshwa, asikwazi ukuphazamisa isidlo esiphekiwe.
Ubuningi bezindawo eziwusizo kanye neyunivesithi esebenzayo, ingabe isamisi esimnyama isivakashi esamukelekile kunoma yiliphi ikhishi. Kuyabizi, kudliwe kancane, kugcinwe isikhathi eside.
I-Halvah ne-kozinaki zenziwe nge-sesame, kodwa ikakhulukazi imhlophe, i-kozinaki emnyama yinto engavamile ngokweqile, nakuba, ngenxa yokunambitheka kwami, i-tastier kakhulu.
Ngincoma wonke umuntu ukuba afake isilimo esihle kakhulu kumasaladi yemifino, ama-pastries nama-pickle.
