Emibhokisini ehlukahlukene yabalimi, i-cherry "iTurgenevskaya" iyaziqhenya indawo, ikakhulukazi ekuxoxweni kwencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo: ithumela izithombe zemithi yazo, futhi ishiye ukubuyekezwa okuningi kanye namathiphu ekutshaleni izithelo ezinomsoco. Sizophinde sicabange ukuthi singakhula kanjani i-cherry ensimini yethu.
Cherry "Turgenevka": incazelo ezihlukahlukene
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry "Turgenevka" zavela ngo-1979 ngenxa yeminyaka eminingana yomsebenzi wabalimi futhi eminyakeni embalwa yaba yinto ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo nabalimi. Umuthi ukhula ubude obude ubude obunamamitha amathathu, umqhele ovuthiwe ophakanyisiwe, amagatsha obukhulu obukhulu, eqondile, amagxolo esitokisini namagatsha asemnyama. Amaqabunga agcwele uhlaza, oblong, ngokuphela kokuqothulwa kanye nomswakama ohlangene. I-Cherry ikhula phakathi no-May nge-inflorescences yezimbali ezine ezimhlophe, futhi amajikijolo avuthwe maphakathi no-July. 
Izithelo ze-Turgenevka cherry zinencazelo elandelayo: amajikijolo ayinkulu futhi anamanzi, isisindo ngasinye siyi-5-6 g, ububanzi bungaba ngu-20 mm. Itshe lithatha okweshumi kwebheki futhi lihlukaniswa kalula. E-Turgenevka cherry, amajikijolo avuthwa cishe kanyekanye, ukunambitheka kwabo kumnandi futhi kumuncu nge-aftertaste ende futhi iphunga elimnandi. Izithelo zika Cherry ziqukethe amavithamini B1, B6, C. Futhi, aqukethe izinto ezinjengensimbi, i-magnesium, i-cobalt, i-coumarin ne-anthocyanin.
Ukudla izithelo ze "Turgenevka" kusiza ukunciphisa ukugaya igazi nokuqinisa imisipha yenhliziyo. Ukudla amajikijolo ama-cherry "Turgenev" ukuvikela kahle i-anemia. Izithelo zinambitheka uma ziqedile, ziphekwe futhi zigcinwe, zifanele ukuqhwaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno se "Turgenevka" siphezulu, futhi amajikijolo ayo akhuthazelela ukuhamba.
Izici zokutshala i-cherry "iTurgenevka": ukukhetha indawo
I-Cherry "iTurgenevka" ayifuni kakhulu ukutshala nokukhathalela okuqhubekayo, kodwa kunezinye izici. Ukupakisha akunconywa ukuba kutshalwe endaweni ephansi, kanye nokuhlelwa. Lesi sitshalo asiphikisi, kodwa ukuvunwa okuhle kungcono ukumnikeza icebo elihle. Indawo enhle kuyoba indawo eningizimu-ntshonalanga, entshonalanga noma eseningizimu, ngoba umswakama owedlulele ngeke uhlale emhlabathini, futhi izixuku zomoya ezibandayo zidlula umuthi.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala ama cherry, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa isitsha saminyaka yonke; uma eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-2 ubudala, angathatha izimpande kabi futhi agula.
Izimo zezulu ezikhulayo ze-cherries
I-Cherry "iTurgenev" iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga aphansi okushisa ebusika, ukubekezelela isithwathwa ne-icing. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula cishe noma yisiphi isimo sezulu esendaweni ephakathi, esingakwazi ukulawula ama-degrees angu-30-33 weqhwa, ngaphandle uma kungekho ukushintshashintsha kokushisa okuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe.
Yimuphi umhlabathi uthanda cherry "Turgenevka"
Izwe lapho umuthi ozokhula khona kufanele ube wukudla kwe-acidity, okungcono kunesihlabathi esihlabathi. Uma ukutshala izinhlobo ze-cherries "iTurgenevka" kufanele kugwenywe inhlabathi enamaxhaphozi naphezu komhlaba, okungeke kuthinte kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo kanye nomkhiqizo walo ekupheleni. Ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-150 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Uma utshala inhlabathi yobumba kufanele ihlanganiswe nesihlabathi.
Ukuze isithombo siphumelele kangcono, ungenza ingxube yezakhi bese uhlanza inhlabathi lapho umuthi ukhula khona. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ama-humus ama-5 kg, 200 g wezinkuni, 100 g we-superphosphate kanye no-30 g we-fertilizer umanyolo.
Uyazi? Omunye umuthi we-cherry "u-Turgenevki" ungadonsa kuze kufike kuma-25 kg amajikijolo.
Ukutshala "Turgenev" cherry
Ukutshala ama-cherries "iTurgenev" akhiqizwa entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokukhula kwezinso, ukuze kulungiswe kangcono indawo entsha nokukhula okusebenzayo kwesihlahla. Uma befisa, izithombo zingatshalalwa ekwindla, lapho kwenzeka khona i-cherry izobe ifanelana kangcono nezimo zezulu zokukhula kwayo. Ngokuba "i-Turgenevka" ibumba imbobo ekujuleni kwengxenye yemitha kanye nobubanzi buka 0.5-0.7 m, kungcono ukumba imbobo izinsuku ezingu 7-20 ngaphambi kokufika, ukuze umhlaba ube nesikhathi sokuxazulula. Uma i-cherry ikhula phakathi kwezinye izihlahla, ibanga elisendaweni eliseduzane kufanele libe okungenani u-2 m.
Imbewu iqhutshwa okokugcina ngamahora angu-3-4 emanzini, ukuze izimpande zigcwalise umswakama, umthombo ugcwele ingxube yomsoco echazwe ekuqaleni, isithombo sitshalwe futhi uhlelo lwempande ludluliselwa ngokucophelela ngenhlanganisela ngaphandle kokungena kwezimpande. Insimu ye-cherry igubha nxazonke nge-roller eyayizungezile, ithulule ibhakede lamanzi afudumele kanye nomquba omhlabathi emhlabeni womuthi nge peat. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo ziboshwe emgodini wokugcina umuthi ukuze kugcinwe isitshalo. 
Indlela ukunakekela izinhlobo cherry "Turgenevka"
Ukunakekela i- "Turgenev" ngesikhathi sokulima akulula futhi akusikho ngisho nensimu eningi kakhulu. Ukuze ubusika, kungcono ukumboza isihlahla, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishise amathuba okubanda amaqabunga ngezinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni kwemoya, nokugaya indawo ye-basal nge-sawdust noma peat.
Ukunisela nokutshala izitshalo
Ngemuva kokutshala, umquba we-cherry uphelelwa cishe nsuku zonke, njengoba inhlabathi iyomile, kodwa kubalulekile ukugwema ukukhuphuka ngokweqile nokunyuka kwamanzi. Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngaphakathi kwe-roller ezungezile, umgodi ofanayo kanye nokutshala umanyolo wamaminerali kanye ngonyaka, entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuba i-cherry iqala ukuthela izithelo, umanyolo usetshenziselwa ukuvuna ehlobo. Umanyolo we-Organic (izinkukhu noma udoti lwezinkomo) usetshenziswa njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemibili ngezinyathelo ezimbili: okokuqala kusetshenziselwa ngemuva kokuba i-cherry iphelile, bese kuthi okwesibili ngesikhathi sokuhluma phakathi kwehlobo. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesithelo, ama-cherries adinga ukuchelela okuningi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kuvikelwe izifo zefungal of the cherry, kutuswa ukuba utshale imbewu ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuka kwephunga.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi iyoma futhi igubungulwe nge-crust eyomile, kufanele ikhululwe ngokucophelela ngokujula kwe-7-10 cm ukuze i-oksijeni ifinyelele ezimpandeni zomuthi. Ukhula kufanele lususwe ngemuva kokubonakala. Futhi unqande ukukhula kwe-cherry, okuzokwenza buthaka umuthi, uthathe ijusi.
Indlela yokwenza umqhele we-cherry Turgenev
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izitshalo ezinhle kanye nekhwalithi ephakeme, ukusika izihlahla kuyadingeka ukwakha umqhele wama cherry nokusika amagatsha omile. Ukudubula kungenziwa emthini osiziwayo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Esikhundleni sokusika kumele kusetshenziswe ingadi var yokuphulukisa okusheshayo kwesihlahla. Ukudubula ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-fruiting, kwakha umqhele we-cherry, futhi ngemva kokuvela kwezithelo zokuqala, kwenza imisebenzi yokuhlanzeka. Kunconywa ukusika amagatsha lapho amahlumela ekhula khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu semitha, kanye namagatsha akhula endaweni ephakeme engaphansi kwezingu-0.4 m kusuka emhlabathini. 
Ngemuva kwebusika lokuqala lomshini we-sapling, lithwelwa amagatsha ayisihlanu ayisisekelo aqondiswe ngezindlela ezahlukene ezivela esiqwini. Ngemva kwalokho, umqhele we-cherries uhlotshiwe, ugweme ukuqina kwamagatsha, futhi ususe amagatsha akhula phezulu. Amagatsha asebegulayo nalabo abomile kufanele aqedwe njengoba kutholakala. Ukunciphisa amahlumela omnyaka owodwa kuyadingeka ekukhuleni kwamagatsha ohlangothini. Fruiting cherry rejuvenate, ukusika amagatsha side, ngaleyo ndlela kushukumisa ukukhula amahlumela abasha. Uma kunesidingo, ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa ekwindla kuze kube seqhwa, ususe amahlumela aphethwe yizifo futhi omile kanye namagatsha omqhele.
Uyazi? I-cherry yaseJapane eningi kakhulu ehluma izimbali - i-Sakura - i-harbinger yokuvunwa okuhle kwelayisi.
Izifo nezinambuzane "Turgenevki"
Izifo ezivame kakhulu ze-cherry "iTurgenevka":
- Kokkomikoz - ukunqoba i-cherry fungi, izimpungushe, izimo ezihle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo - umoya ofudumele omanzi isikhathi eside. Lesi sifo sibonakala ehlobo njenge-yellowing kanye nokubomvu kwamahlamvu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amaqabunga agcwala amacici amnyama, aphume futhi aphule, mhlawumbe ahlasele iqabunga. Ama-spores we-fungus overwinter ekulimazeni emagqabeni, emhlabathini bese etshala ama-debris, emaqabini nasezithelo ezingakawi. Ukuqeda i-coccomycosis kungenziwa ngokuphatha izinkuni ne-Bordeaux ingxube, amahlamvu aphuzi aphuzi kufanele abhujiswe.
I-Klesterosporiosis iyisifo sofuba esivela emaqabunga anamabala asundu; emva kwamasonto amabili, amaqabunga agciwane awela; Izindawo ezibomvu zithinteka yizithelo, okuyinto ekhubazekile futhi idle. Ama-bark aqhuma, i-gomme iphuma. Izingxenye ezithintekile zalesi sitshalo zincike ekunqumeni nasekutshiseni, izindawo eziqhekekile nezindawo zokuqothula i-gum ziphathwa nge-pitch ingadi, umuthi uphethwe nge "Topsin" noma "Early".- I-Moniliasis isifo esiwumfutho esithinta ama-inflorescences; uma eshiywa engalashwa, amagatsha ama-cherries asomile, amaqabunga, amaqabunga namajikijolo ahlanganiswa ne-grey crust, amagatsha aqhekekile, futhi ngenxa yalokho umuthi uyafa. Kungenzeka ukuqeda lesi sifo ngendlela efanayo ne-asperiasis.
- I-Anthracnose iyisifo se-fungal esithinta isithelo, esiboniswa uhlobo oluthunta amajikijolo, oluthiwa lukhule ngokukhula, kanye nokuqhakaza okubomvu kwe-mycelium ye-fungus. Kungenzeka ukuqeda i-anthracnosis ngokucubungula i- "Poliram" ngaphambi kokusila, emva kwayo, futhi futhi emva kwezinsuku eziyi-15.
- Ukuvuthwa - kubonakala amabala amancane ama-convex emaqabunga. Amaqabunga othintekile kumele ahlulwe futhi abhujiswe, futhi izinkuni kufanele zithathwe nge-Bordeaux ingxube.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Gum - kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala komshini emagqumeni, okuboniswa ukukhishwa kwe-resin - brown, isifo singabangela ukufa kwesihlahla. Izindawo ezithintekile zihlanzwa futhi ziphathwa nge-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukuhlanzwa okumhlophe kukhonjiswa.
I-Klesterosporiosis iyisifo sofuba esivela emaqabunga anamabala asundu; emva kwamasonto amabili, amaqabunga agciwane awela; Izindawo ezibomvu zithinteka yizithelo, okuyinto ekhubazekile futhi idle. Ama-bark aqhuma, i-gomme iphuma. Izingxenye ezithintekile zalesi sitshalo zincike ekunqumeni nasekutshiseni, izindawo eziqhekekile nezindawo zokuqothula i-gum ziphathwa nge-pitch ingadi, umuthi uphethwe nge "Topsin" noma "Early".
Ukwelashwa kwe-Gum - kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala komshini emagqumeni, okuboniswa ukukhishwa kwe-resin - brown, isifo singabangela ukufa kwesihlahla. Izindawo ezithintekile zihlanzwa futhi ziphathwa nge-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukuhlanzwa okumhlophe kukhonjiswa.- I-Cherry aphid - ibonisa amaqabunga asontekile emaphethelweni amagatsha kanye namahlumela amancane kusukela entwasahlobo yasemuva kuze kube sehlobo. Ukuqeda ama cherry anezinambuzane kuphethwe nge-Aktar noma ku-Fufanon.
- I-Cherry fly - ibonakalisa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni ngezimpande ezimnyama zamajikijolo, okuzobe zibola. Ungakwazi ukunqoba inhlanzi ngosizo lwe- "Agravertin", "Aktellika" noma "Fitoverma".
- I-sawfly e-Cherry elula kakhulu ibonakala ngesikhathi sehlobo ngokubukeka kwezimpungushe ezimnyama emagqabeni. Ukuze silwe nama-sawflies, sishaye isihlahla ngo-Confidor.
- I-Cherry ihlumela i-moth - ibonakaliso elibonakalayo emaqabunga amancane, mhlawumbe ukunqotshwa sonke isikhathi. Izinsalela zezitshalo kumele zisuswe kusayithi bese zishiswe. Lahla ukwelashwa kwezinkuni ze-moth "Aktellikom" noma "Fufanon."
- Inundu yasebusika - ibonakale ekuwa kweqabunga ukusika, ukufaka ipuleti leshidi. Izosiza ukuqeda "uMospilan" no "Aktar", ohlukanisile ngokulandela imiyalelo.
- Ipulazi eliphuzi sawfly - liboniswe ngoMeyi ngokuhamba kwezimbungulu ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali ze-cherry. Amalungiselelo "i-Fitoverm" ne-"Agravertin" ayiphumelela kahle i-sawfly.
Cherry "Turgenevka": ukuvuna
Emva kweminyaka engama-4-5 emva kokutshala isithombo, izithelo zokuqala zivela, ezivuthwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye, phakathi kwehlobo. Amajikijolo avuthiwe awela. Ukuvuna kungcono kakhulu kwenziwa ekuseni ngosuku olomile. Ukuze ulondolozwe kangcono, i-cherry isusiwe esihlahleni ngesisindo. Ukuvuna emabhokisini epulasitiki noma amabhasikidi wicker kugcinwa kuze kube amasonto amabili ekushiseni kwe--1 ... +1 ° kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Ukugcina isikhathi eside izithelo zihlanganiswe esikhwameni seplastiki bese zifakwa efrijini.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zezinhlobonhlobo ze "Turgenevka"
Cherry "Turgenevka" phakathi kwabalimi kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zama cherry ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo nokuvunwa okuvusa amadlingozi. Inzuzo yamajikijolo ayinambitha, encane, ithambo elilula kalula, isitoreji eside kakhulu sezithelo ezintsha. Amajikijolo alondoloza ukubukeka kwawo emakethe futhi ayadingeka phakathi kwabathengi, okuyinto enhle kubalimi abathengisa izitshalo zabo.
Uyazi? E-England, ukukhula kwe-cherry fruiting, eye isuvele ineminyaka engu-150 ubudala, ubukhulu bomqhele wayo ngaphezu kwamamitha amahlanu, nokuphakama - okungaphezu kuka-13 m.
Ukungabi nalutho kwalolu hlobo lwe-cherry kubhekwa njengobumpofu obumelana nokuqina kwembali efihlekile. Ngokushisa ngokuzumayo, emva kwezinso seziqalile, amathuba okuba isitshalo siphelele. Ehlobo, isihlahla sidinga ukuphuza ngoba sibhekene nezimo ezimile. Ukulimala kwesihlobo kuyisidingo sama-pollinator we-cherries ka-Turgenevka, ngoba ayingxenye yokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukutshala ama-cherry wezinhlobonhlobo "Izintandokazi", "Intsha" noma "Injabulo Yama-Melitopol" ebangeni elingamamitha angama-35, noma okungenani utshale igatsha lomuthi we-pollinator "eTurgenevka".
Izinzuzo eziningi zidlula izinkinga, futhi iminyaka eminingi Turgenevskaya Cherry ngokuphana unikeza abalimi izithelo ezinomsoco.
