Ikhukhamba ingenye yemifino efunwa kakhulu, idliwe fresh noma ekheniwe. Amakhekhe kanye nemifucumfucu emanzini - isidlo sokuthokoza sokuqala ematafuleni ethu. Ukuze ukhule ukhukhamba, kufanele uzame futhi unike imifino zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle.
Imfundiso ethile: imithetho eyisisekelo yokudla ukhukhamba
Ikhukhamba ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingenakuqhathaniswa kakhulu kwensimu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle kanye nekhukhamba le-fruiting kudinga inhlabathi yomsoco, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isitshalo asibekezelelani ukuhlushwa okuqinile kwezakhi eziwusizo enhlabathini. Ukuze ulinganise inani lomsoco futhi ulinganisele ngenani lomsoco wenhlabathi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungadla kanjani ukhukhamba ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini.
Uyazi? Owokuqala emlandweni wezokugcina izithombo wakhiwa eRoma lasendulo. Bakhula ukhukhamba - imifino eyintandokazi ka-Emperor Tiberius.
Izinhlobo zomanyolo
Ukhukhamba usabela ngokulinganayo kahle kumanyolo we-organic and amaminerali; udinga nje ukuthola indlela engcono yokutshala ukhukhamba. Kuzo izakhi eziphilayo isiko sithatha kahle ukukhipha kwe-mullein - It is rich nitrogen, ithusi, isulfure, iron kanye potassium. Ngaphezu kokudla okunomsoco, ukumnika ukuhlinzekela isitshalo ngokuvikelwa ngokumelene nezifo.
Inkukhu yokhukhu iqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-phosphorus ne-magnesium, ikhuphuka futhi imelana nezifo futhi ivuselela ukukhula kwezitshalo. Umthombo omuhle kakhulu we-nitrogen yi-infusion yotshani obubolile, futhi lokhu umanyolo ulahlekelwa i-ammonia, eyingozi ezitshalweni, uma i-pereplevaniya ishesha kunokudla kwesilwane.
Kubalulekile! Umquba wamahhashi wamakhukhamba awunamukeli ngalutho: kunammonia amaningi kuwo, okuyiwo, ahlakazeka emhlabathini, akhipha i-nitrate ekhishwa ngamakhukhamba. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo ziyingozi empilweni.
Amaminerali amaminerali ngoba ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kubalulekile, ngoba ekugqoka izidakamizwa ezithile kubonakala ngobuningi. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izinqubo zokuphila kwamakhukhamba yi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Amakhukhamba e-potassium anganikeza imithi yamaminerali yemvelo - ukhuni lomlotha. Urea - umthombo ongcono kakhulu we-nitrogen ngamakhukhamba, kanti i-phosphorus izoqinisekisa ukuthi isingeniso sayo superphosphate.
Amafomu okugqoka aphezulu ngendlela yesicelo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhulelwa ngamakhukhamba.
Okumangalisayo ukugqoka okuphezulu Ikhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile - indlela yokufaka umquba ngaphansi kwesihlahla, ngokusondelene nezimpande. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuthathwa ukunakekelwa, ngoba akusifisi ukuba umanyolo uwele emasimini. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okufanayo kungashisa kakhulu amaqabunga neziqu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar Ikhukhamba yiphilisi eqondiswe engxenyeni engenhla engaphansi komhlaba ikhukhamba: amaqabunga namahlumela. Le ndlela iphephile amahlamvu, ngoba ukufaka umanyolo akukona okugxilwe njengezimpande.
Indlela yokwenza ikhalenda yokukhukhamba ukhukhamba emva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngaphezu kwalokho okumele ukhiqize, kudingeka ukwazi ukuthi ukondla ukhukhamba kangakanani emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze ulawule inqubo futhi ungaphutheli isikhathi nendawo yokugqoka, ukunikeza ukhukhamba izakhi ezidingekayo phakathi nesikhathi esithile sokuphila nokuvimbela ukuntuleka noma okudlulele kwanoma iyiphi into, kudingeka wenze ikhalenda yokugqoka. Yenze ngendlela yetafula ngamagrafu wezinsuku, izinhlobo zokufaka umanyolo (umanyolo womanyolo noma umanyolo), indlela yokusebenza (izimpande kanye ne-foliar) negrafu, okucatshangelwa ukuthi izakhi ezisetshenzisiwe (nitrogen, phosphorus, njll), ubuningi bayo.
Yini, futhi nini ukondla ukhukhamba ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini, cabanga ngezansi.
Ukudla kwesibili 
Ukudla kokuqala Isiko ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini senziwa ngokubonakala kwamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu aqinile. I-nitrogen iyadingeka ukuze kukhule kangcono. Lokhu kungaba umanyolo we-mineral - urea. Indlela yokusebenzisa - isisekelo, isibalo - isipuni esingu-1 se-powder ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-organic mullein - yiphucula i-500 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 wamanzi, ugeze ngomzila wempande.
Ukugqoka okwesithathu okudingekayo phakathi nenkathi yezimbali. Ikhukhamba yokwakheka kwama-ovari aphelele ayedinga i-potassium. Umanyolo ohambisanayo owenziwe ngamapulangwe ash: izibuko ezimbili ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi.
Kunokuba ukondle ukhukhamba endaweni evulekile okwesine? Lesi sondlo senziwa kakade ngesikhathi se-fruiting., isitshalo sidinga i-nitrogen ne-potassium.
Ukudla kokuqala - emva kokuvela kwesithelo. Faka isisombululo se-nitrophoska (isipuni esingu-1 kuya ku-10 amalitha amanzi), indlela yokwenza ama-foliar. Ngemva kwesonto, ukudla okwesibili kwenziwa yindlela enkulu, nekhambi le-mullein nge-addition of potassium sulfate (10 l amanzi, 500 g we-mullein, 5 g we-potassium).
Kungcono ukondla ukhukhamba ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini
Ukondla ukhukhamba kuyisidingo kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila kwezitshalo. Ukuhambisana nama-fertilizer, ukushintshaniswa kwamaminerali nama-organic compounds, ukwethulwa okwesikhashana kwezici ezidingekayo kwenkathi ngayinye kuzokunikeza isivuno esihlwabusayo nesivuthiwe.
Uyazi? Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwamakhukhamba aseRussia kwenziwa ngumbuso waseJalimane eRussia, u-Herberstein. Ngomnyaka ka-1528 wachaza lo mmbila emajayini akhe okuhamba ngezinyawo mayelana nohambo oluya eMuscovy.
Indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba ngokushesha emva kokukhipha izithombo
I-nitrojeni ivuselela isitshalo ukuze ithuthukise phambili. Uma ukhetha emhlabathini ovulekile, imbobo ivame ukungezwa izithombo. isipuni ammofoski. 
Yondla ukhukhamba kanye nama-organic fertilizer aqukethe nitrogen, ukumnika umthamo we-mullein, umquba wezinkukhu kanye nohlaza.
Phakathi kwemibhede efafazwe ngothuni lomlotha, obanjwe enhlabathini ngemva kokunisela. I-ash i-calcium ecebile, esheshayo ukukhula kwezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba umlotha kuyimithi yemvelo, ingadliwa izikhathi eziningana phakathi nesikhathi semifino.
Umanyolo ukhukhamba ngesikhatsi izimbali
Ngaphambi nje kokuqala kwezimbali kushukumisa Umanyolo wekhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile - Mullein ukumnika nge-kwalokho of superphosphate kanye potassium sulfate. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ubheke ukulingana: 200 g we-mullein, 5 g we-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate ngamalitha ayi-8-amanzi.
Ngemva kwesonto, esigabeni sokuqhakaza, ukugqoka kuphindaphindiwe, ukufaka esikhundleni se-mullein nge-nitrophoska (1 tbsp. L.) nokunciphisa umthamo we-mullein kuya ku-100 g.
Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba ngesikhatsi fruiting
Ake sibone ukuthi yini yokukhipha ukhukhamba ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle. Umanyolo uphenye ngempumelelo ngesikhathi se-fruiting umquba wenkukhu. Okuqukethwe kwe-zinc, ithusi kanye ne-nitrogen kuyo kugcwalisa ukhukhamba ngezinto ezidingekayo ekukhuleni nasekunambeni kwezithelo. Izinhlayiya zezinkukhu zisetshenziswe ikakhulukazi efomini.
Ukondla ukhukhamba ngesikhathi se-fruiting kufanele futhi ube ne-magnesium ne-potassium.
Ngesikhathi se-fruiting esebenzayo i-potassium nitrate (25 g usawoti welitha ngamalitha angu-15 wamanzi), yenza ngendlela ekhululekile.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini sezulu, imkhukhamba iyakwazi ukugaya. I-potassium nitrate uma isetshenziselwa ukusebenza nje kuphela njengomanyolo, kodwa futhi njengezokuzivikela ezifweni.
Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba kahle emva kokufika emhlabathini, amathiphu abalimi
Ngaphambi kokuba ufaka ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, kuhle ukuba uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezidingayo, ukuthi ziningi kangakanani nokuthi imiphumela iyoba yini ngenxa yokungabi khona kwemithi ethile.
Ukukhula, ukhukhamba udinga i-nitrojeni, kodwa ngaphambi kokuwondla ngamakhemikhali ane-nitrogen, cabanga ukuthi ukhukhamba oluningi lokunisela lanele. Ngokuntuleka komswakama, uhlelo lwempande ngeke lukwazi ukuthola umthamo ofanele wesici. Ngokuntuleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, amahlumela nezimpande zamakhukhamba aphela ukukhula, amaqabunga aphendukile, izithelo zishintsha umbala ohlaza obala futhi zilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwazo.
Umanyolo wamakhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele uhlanganise ne-phosphorus. I-Phosphorus ihileleke kuzo zonke izinqubo: ukukhula, izimbali kanye ne-fruiting. Lesi sici siqinisa uhlelo lwempande lwamakhukhamba, lushukumisa ukukhula kwesisindo esinqunyiwe, kwandisa ukumelana nezifo nezimo zezulu. Ukungabi nalutho kuholela ezifweni, ukuthuthukiswa okuncane kanye nama-ovarie angenalutho. Isibonakaliso se-phosphorus indlala ngumthunzi obomvu wamagatsha.
I-Potassium ayidingekile kakhulu ngamakhukhamba. Kwanele ukondla ukhukhamba kabili, kanti inkathi ekhulayo iyodlula ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ngokuntuleka kwe-potassium, amakhukhamba ayoba omuncu, ngoba yi-potassium ebangela ukuthi ushukela ube nezithelo.
Yini enye eyenza ukhukhamba afana, ukuthi ungondla kanjani isitshalo, ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezibhalwe phansi? I-calcium, i-boron, i-magnesium, i-manganese, insimbi, isulfure, ne-zinc nayo ibaluleke nakakhulu ngamakhukhamba. Ngakho-ke, Ukuze sikhule isivuno esihle futhi esihlwabusayo, kubalulekile ukushintsha ezinye umanyolo we-organic and amaminerali.
Inzuzo yamanyolo amaminerali okwenziwe ngomumo wukuthi emkhiqizweni afaka zonke izitsha zamaminerali ezidingekayo nezinto ezihlukene. Lezi zinhlanganisela ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zilinganisela, ungakhetha kusuka kokunqwabelana emashalofini esitolo nangaphansi kwesiko, nangomjikelezo othile wokuphila.
Ungabi nobuvila ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezitshalo ozikhulayo. Ukwaziswa ngezici zokulima nokunakekelwa kwabo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi uthola imikhiqizo emihle, enempilo futhi emnandi kakhulu, ekhulile.
