Umthamo womhlaba (noma amanzi) inkathazo enkulu kunoma yimuphi umlimi noma umgadi wensimu.
Ngokuvamile entwasahlobo ngaphansi kweqhwa ungatholi ngisho nemigqa yemibhedqo ebhalwe phansi, kodwa ugoba umhlaba ngezimbobo eziningi.
I-Rodent yanda ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi esithile emva kokuvela, uqala ukwenza ukuhlasela emagqumeni nezinye izakhiwo ezisekelwayo.
Ukubukeka kwesilwane nesithombe
Umklomelo womhlaba ungokwezimbiza ezinkulu-abahlukumezi, kodwa empeleni akuyona isilwane. Eqinisweni, igundane elivundile, ngokuqondile, inhlobo enkulu kunale mndeni.
Isilwane sinesayizi kusuka ku-16.5 ukuya ku-22 cm (lapho umsila u-6-13 cm) nesisindo somzimba kusuka ku-180 kuya ku-380 amagremu.
Umzimba omkhulu, ngekhanda elikhulu nesimo esibuhlungu, ezincane, cishe izindlebe ezingabonakali. Umsila uyindilinga, isikhathi eside, egcwele izinwele ezinhle.
Ebusika, ijazi likhulu futhi lide, ehlobo lincane futhi lincane. Uboya besikhumba buhlukile ngokubukeka, ukuhlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene noma eminyakeni ehlukene.
Umbala wemuva - umnyama omnyama, nge-shades ehlukahlukene, umbala ovulekile wesisu. Ngezinye izikhathi zikhona umnyama ngokuphelele izilwane.
Izinzwane ezisephambeni zangaphambili zifushane, ziphela ngamacwebe amade, aqoshiwe. Imilenze ye-Hind inwetshiwe. Bhukuda kahle.
Izithombe ezikhanyayo zomlingisi womhlaba:
Ukusabalalisa nokukhiqiza
Umlingo womhlaba ungatholakala engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwe, eCaucasus, eSiberia (ngaphandle kwalezi zifunda ze-Far North). Inqwaba yamagundane igxila eningizimu yeSiberia nase-Asia Ephakathi.
Ukuphila ukhetha izindawo ezimanzi - eduze kwamabhangi, amaxhaphozi kanye nezindawo ezimanzi. Ngesilinganiso esiphezulu sabantu singahlala emasimini, emasimini nasemasimini.
Ngesikhathi izikhukhula zifuduka, zihamba ezindaweni ezisheshayo futhi ezikhululekile ukuze ziphile.
Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhululekile, umlingo womhlaba ungakhula unyaka wonke. Kwezinye izindawo, inqubo ivela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu.
Inani labantu ngabanye kule nzalo lithembele esikhathini sokuphila kwesilwane - omdala wesifazane, ama-cubs amaningi angayiletha. Inzalo iboniswa ngaphansi komhlaba, endaweni ehlongozwe eceleni.
Lapho befika enyangeni eyodwa, abasha baqala ukuphila ngokuzimela.
Ezimweni ezinhle, inani lezinja zobumba likhula izikhathi eziningana, futhi inombolo yabo ingafinyelela Izilwane ezingu-400 ngehektare amasimu.
Indlela yokuphila
I-Rodent ibonisa umsebenzi wonyaka wonkeEbusika, cishe sonke isikhathi sisemhlabeni. Ngesikhathi sosuku umsebenzi omkhulu ugxila kusihlwa nasebusuku.
Ukhuphuka emgodini okwesikhashana nje, usuka endaweni eqondile - njengomthetho, ngenkathi udla izitshalo emhlabathini.
Ehlobo ngesikhathi sokushisa okukhulu futhi ebusika ama-clogs eminyango evela ngaphakathi. Umhlaba ophakama lapho ukumba amaphahla uphonswa phezulu, ukwakha izinqwaba ezincane zamapulangwe ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nasemasimini ahlukene ukusuka endaweni yokuphuma.
Amapheshana angaphansi komhlaba atholakala ku-10-15 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Isidleke ngokuvamile siqukethe inethiwekhi eningi ye-labyrinths, ikamelo lokuhlalisa kanye nezinhlamvu eziningana.
Umehluko kwamanye amagundane
Kusukela ku-grey rat clay i-wool ehlukile elula kanye nomsila omfushane ngaphandle kwezilinganiso zonyaka.
Ihluke kuma-moles ngamavesi amancane angaphansi komhlaba, okuyinto, ngaphezu kwalokho, abe nesimo esingavamile. Futhi, amagundane ebusika akafundile.
Amathrekhi afana namaprosesa ama-gray voles, kodwa abe nobude obukhulu obude - 6-8 cm.
Kulimaza umuntu-umlimi kanye nezindlela zokulwa
Ukuqeda iminyango, ngokushesha kudla konke ukudla okuhlangene nakho. Umlingo womhlaba ubhubhisa i-alfalfa kakhulu, futhi kubangele ukulimala okukhulu elayisi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ukotini, ukolweni, ibhali, amanye amakhabe kanye nama-gourds, kufaka phakathi ikhabe namakhabe.
Futhi ukulimaza izihlahla ezincane, ukuwagcoba phansi emgodini wezimpande noma ukugxila kakhulu emgodini - ikakhulukazi "uthola" izinyoni ze-cherry, i-apula, i-willow.
Kudla izilwane ezincane - amagundane endle, ama-crayfish, ama-mollusks, izinambuzane kanye nabanye. Bhukuda ngobuhlakani futhi ugibele izihlahlangokuchitha izinyoni izinyoni.
Kungase ihlale ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu, lapho idla khona ukudla nokudla. Ingakwazi ukugaya izindonga zodaka bese uhamba phansi.
Izitha zemvelo zomlingo womhlaba yizinja, amakati, izimpungushe, izimpungushe, izinyosi kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi eziphilayo, kanye nezinyoni - izikhumba, ama-eagle, izinyanga zasendle.
Ekuqaleni, zonke izindlela zihlukaniswe ngokuthi:
- Amadivaysi ama mechanical - lokhu kuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zezingcupho, izicupho, izinkathazo;
- Izilwane - Amakati ambalwa endaweni lapho amagundane omhlaba ahlala khona ngeke akwazi ukugcwalisa wonke umuntu, kodwa akwazi ukushayela ama-rodents futhi awaphoqe ukuba ashiye indawo yawo;
- Amakhemikhali - ukuchithwa kwegesi enobuthi kusetshenziswa: i-carbon monoxide, i-chlorine, noma izinto ezifakwe emhlabathini, zikhohlisile ukuthi isilwane sizofa.
Izindlela ezinkulu - izicupho kanye nezinhlayiya zisetshenziswe uma kungekho isikhathi esiningi sokwethusa. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amagundane yizilwane ezihlakaniphile, futhi angeke afane nalendlela uma bebona ukuthi othile ufile kuwo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela ezinkulu zingalimaza nezinye izilwane nezitshalo endaweni.
Izindlela zokuzithoba zihilela ukukhwabanisa kwekhanda:
- I-Ultrasonic Repeller - ukufakwa kwamadivaysi akhiqiza ama-ultrasound kusayithi. Kwenzeka ukuthi amanye amagundane awaphenduli ngaso, futhi azivumelanisa nokucasuka okuqhubekayo;
- Ukubhema - izinto ezikhiqiza iphunga elimnandi elimnandi lifakwa emigodini. Kungashiswa uboya, izinqwaba zomhlonyane noma umtila. Enye yezinto ezihamba phambili ezithakazelisayo ukufika kwesigaba somdala omnyama, izimpande zazo ezikhulula i-cyanide emhlabathini, okuyinto enobuhlungu emagundini;
- Ukugcwalisa izimbobo ngamanzi - Amagundane asemhlabathini ayadonsa kahle, noma kunjalo, kuzodingeka ashiye indawo enjalo.
KUBALULEKILE! Asikho isidingo sokungabaza lapho uthola isilwane sobumba esakhiweni, ukuthi ungasusa kanjani ukuthi kufanele uzikhethele wena, kodwa akufanele uvumele izinto ukuba zithathe inkambo yabo - isikhathi esiningi sidlula, abantu abaningi baqala, okusho ukuthi kuyoba nzima ukuqeda izinduku ngokuphelele.
Isiphetho
Umlingo womhlaba uyinhloko enobungozi ehlala emigodini yemifula, emathunjini, kanye nasemasimini nasemifino. Uhlala ngaphansi komhlaba, lapho emba khona ama-labyrinths.
Ukubhubhisa ukufika ilayisi, ibhali, ukolweni, ukotini, izihlahla ezincane. Izindlela zokubhekana ne-rodent zihlukene, futhi zihlukaniswe zibe yizicabha (izicupho, amagesi anobuthi kanye nesibhakabhaka) kanye nabantu abathandekayo (abaphikisi, ukulimala kweminyango).
