Ngokutshala izitshalo zemifino kumele kutholakale njalo ngokuningiliziwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo, kufanele uhlale uthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngalo, ngisho noma sikhuluma ngemifino elula futhi ejwayelekile yensimu njengendlato. Ukukhethwa kwembewu kanye nezithombo zalesi siko kuyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ukufunda imikhiqizo ehlongozwayo, kubonakala sengathi ngamunye wabo ungcono kakhulu. Kule nkcazelo ngokuvamile kuvame ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo ziyi-determinantal futhi zingenakunqunywa, ake sicacise ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu.
Ukunquma
Utamatisi oqhathaniswayo kuthiwa yizinhlobo eziyeke ukukhula emva kokwakheka kwezibhamu. Lawo utamatisi ayeka ukukhula ngemuva kokwenza izandla ezingu-3-5 - lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaqabunga ahlanganiswe phezulu. Ngokuvame ukwanda, ukukhula kuyeka ezingeni elingaphezulu kuka-110 cm phambi kwama-4-5 inflorescences. I-inflorescences yokuqala ibeka amaqabunga angaphezu kuka-5-6 we-shrub, futhi okulandelayo - ngemva kwamacembe amabili-2-4.
Uyazi? Ukuhunyushwa kusukela "i-pomo d'oro" yesi-Italian kusho "i-apula yegolide". Ngokumangazayo, lezi zithelo ezihlwabusayo nezigugu zazibhekwa njengezingenakulinganiswa isikhathi eside futhi zibhekwa njengezinobuthi.
Ochwepheshe baqaphela ukuthi kulula ukukhuphula izinhlobo ezinjalo emhlabathini ovulekile nasezikhungweni zokugcina ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezithintekayo zihlukaniswe zibe ziqinile futhi ziphakathi. Izihlahla ezincane, noma, njengoba zibizwa ngokuthi, shtambovye, enye yezithelo zokuqala, izithelo zokuvuna ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 ngemva kokutshala. Utamatisi we-Srednerosly uvuthwe kancane kancane, ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-100-110, kodwa baletha izithelo eziningi, amabhulashi angu-5-8.
I-Indeterminate
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-tomato ezingenayo zikhona isici esihluke ngokuphelele. Lo mqondo usho ukuthi izitshalo azikhawulelwanga ekukhuleni futhi ingafinyelela ukuphakama okumangalisayo. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele sinikeza ukuhlinzekwa kokunakekelwa okuqondile, lapho thina nakanjani sizoyeka ngokwehlukana.
Thola ulwazi oluwusizo olwengeziwe mayelana nokwandisa utamatisi olunjengokuthi: "De Barao", "Persimmon", "Auria", "Katya", "Ukuqhuma", "Budenovka", "I-Golden Heart", "Black Prince", "iKhadidi", " I-Verlioka, i-Riddle, Ukukhula Okuqala KwaseSiberia, Yamal, Maryina Roshcha, Novoki.
Lezi zitshalo zithela izithelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi kunconywa ukuba zikhule endaweni evulekile ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngoba nazo zihlukile ezindaweni ezithisa ukushisa.
Izici kanye nokungafani kokulima
Ngakho, izinhlobo ezahlukene zifuna izindlela ezahlukene. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kufanele uthole izincomo zokutshala nokutshala utamatisi, bese uyothola isivuno esihle.
Kubalulekile! Uma izitamatisi zikhulile ezimweni zokushisa, izithombo kufanele zilungele ukufakelwa kusuka esitsheni ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Utamatisi uhlwanyelwa okokuqala ezinkalweni zezithombo, futhi emva kwesikhathi esifanele batshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqagela ngezinsuku zokuhlwanyela, kusukela ngenxa yokutshala kakhulu, izithombo zingasukuma. Kule ndaba, kufanele uthembele ohlangothini lwakho noma izincomo zochwepheshe mayelana nesifunda sakho, ngoba ezimweni ezahlukene zezulu ukutshala kwenzeka ngezinkathi ezahlukene. Ubudala bezithombo bubaluleke kakhulu, isibonelo, izinhlobo ezinqunyelwe zitshalwe ezinsukwini ezingama-55-60 emva kokutshala esitsheni, kanti izinhlobo ezinquma kuzobe sezikulungele ukutshala emhlabathini ezinsukwini ezingama-65-75.
Ukunquma uhlobo lwehlathi elizayo lingaba nezithombo, ngakho-ke, utamatisi onqunyiwe, i-brush iyobekwa emva kweqabunga lesihlanu noma lesithupha, nangomunye owedlule ngemuva kwesishiyagalombili noma yeshumi. Umehluko phakathi kwamatamatisi omdala wukuthi ibanga elinqunyiwe phakathi kwama-ovari lingaphansi kwamaqabunga amathathu futhi njalo kukhona ibhulashini phezulu kwe-stem, futhi kulawo utamatisi angakapheli ibanga eliphakathi kwefihlekile lihlale limaqabunga amathathu.
Kubalulekile! Kulula ukudibanisa i-shrub eyayihlanganisiwe, futhi ngephutha ucabange ukuthi isitshalo esinjalo singezinhlobonhlobo zemitamatisi, kepha ukuze ugweme lokhu, kukhona indlela yokuhlola - ukubala amaqabunga phakathi kwama-ovari.
Ake sibheke izinzuzo nezindleko zezinhlobonhlobo ezinquma. Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo ziyi:
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala;
- isivuno esiphezulu nesingaguquguquki ngenxa yenani elikhulu lama-ovari;
- Utamatisi uvuthwe cishe ngesikhathi esisodwa kuwo wonke ama-shrub.
Izinkinga zabo zifaka okulandelayo:
- ukutholakala okukhulu kwezifo, ngenxa yokulayisha ngokweqile i-shrub nokunciphisa ukuzivikela kwesitshalo, kuvame ukugula futhi kudinga ukunakwa okukhulu;
- okungaqondakali kakhulu ekunakekeleni, kudinga izithako eziningana zamaminerali, futhi udinga njalo ukwakha i-shrub, ukuyihlanganisa, ngokuvamile ngesonto;
- isivuno esingaphansi kwonyaka ngamunye, ngoba ngemuva kokuyeka ukukhula, ama-brushes ayeka ukwakha futhi, ngokufanele, izithelo ziboshwe.
Ngenxa yokuthi amamethi indeterminantny ahluke ekukhuleni okuphezulu futhi kamuva ekhula, avame ukukhulela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo utamatisi:
- i-shrub iba umuthi utamatisi ngokunakekelwa okufanele;
- ukuphikiswa kwesifo esiphakeme;
- isitshalo asidingi ukuhambisana nokushisa okhethekile futhi ngokuzithoba kuphendula izinguquko zokushisa;
- ezimweni zokushisa, izithelo zivuthwa unyaka wonke, ngenxa yalokhu kukhona isivuno esikhulu.
Umthamo wezitamatisi ezingakapheli:
- ukuvuthwa kakhulu kamuva, ngakho-ke kuhle ukutshala ezindaweni eziseningizimu noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo;
- kudingekile ukuba njalo uhlele amahlathi;
- ukukhula okungavinjelwe ekukhuleni kwezihlahla zezitha utamatisi kubonisa ukutholakala kokwesekwa kanye ne-garter stalk, okungukuthi, izindleko ezengeziwe zesikhathi kanye nomsebenzi.
Uyazi? Ososayensi abazange benze isinqumo ngalokho okufaneleka nakakhulu ukufaka utamatisi emifino noma izithelo. Ngokuphathelene ne-botany, ngokuvamile iberry. E-United States, isinqumo senkantolo sagcizelela ukuthi utamatisi uyimifino, futhi e-EU kubhekwa njengesithelo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukungabi nokuvumelana akuthinti izinzuzo nokunambitheka utamatisi.
Yiziphi izitamatisi ezikhethwa ngokuyinhloko kuxhomeke ezimweni zezululapho kuhloswe khona ukukhula, kanye nezinhloso ozibekelayo. Uma udinga isivuno sokuqala, kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo ezithintekayo, uma isikhathi singabalulekile kuwe njengokuzinza, khona-ke kufanele nakanjani utshale utamatisi ongapheli.
