Ukubona ingulube emafesimini ase-Ukraine ngezinwele ezithandekayo ezinomzimba njengezimvu - ithuba elingavamile. Asazi lutho mayelana nezinhlobo ezingavamile zezingulube ezinde isikhathi eside lonke elaseYurophu. Yini eyakha abalimi baseHungary bama-mangalica bamazwe athuthukayo, yiziphi izici zayo kanye nokungahleleki, ukuphakamisa kanjani ingulube - sizobe sitshele ngakho konke lokhu kamuva kulesi sihloko; uzothola nezithombe zezingulube ezihamba phambili nezincomo zabasebenzi babo bokunakekelwa.
Umlando wokuzala
Lolu hlobo olumangalisayo lungabhekwa ngokuphepha olulodwa olungavamile kakhulu. Izinwele zezinwele ezide, ezifana ne-astrakhan, azikwazi ukushiya izingulube zengulube ezingenandaba "ubuhle." Kusuka kude badideka kalula ngemhlambi wezimvu, mhlawumbe ke, izingulube zinegama elifanayo "izingulube zezimvu". 
Uyazi? Zonke izingulube, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivelaphi, zinomqondo omuhle kakhulu wokuhogela. Abantu baseYurophu bavame ukusebenzisa lesi sipho ukuze bafune ama-truffles okumnandi efihla ngaphansi komhlaba. Amakhowe anjalo ezimakethe zaseParis abiza ama-euro angu-600. Ngaphambi kokuba izingulube zisebenze emaphoyiseni ukuze zifake izidakamizwa.
Konke kwaqala nge-1833 ekude, lapho, ngemiyalo yeHungary Archduke Joseph, imizamo yenziwa izingulube ezifuywayo nezilwane zasendle. Ukuhlolwa kwakuphumelele. I-brood-savages eyabangela ukuthi ikwazi ukugubha kalula emakhazeni abandayo, yayisigciwane futhi yayinakekela ukudla kwayo.
Uhlobo olusha lunentshisekelo kulawasezindlini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kufisa kuye kwakhula kwaba ukukhiqiza okuningi. Ngokuvamile ehlathini amahlathi kanye nemifula yaseHungary umuntu ubona izinkomo eziphelele zewadi.
Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, isidingo sama-mangalicans ashisa sasiwela emikhawulweni yezwe. Abanikazi bamazwe amakhulu babenezinzuzo eziningi ezikhungweni kunokuba bangene nokutshala okusanhlamvu. 
Cishe ngo-1900, lo mhlanga wafunda izakhamuzi zaseTranscarpathia yase-Ukrainelapho izilwane zalethwa ngabantu baseHungariya bomdabu. Bakha izinkomo zomhlaba wonke, zibadle emahlathini nasezigodini. Ngemva kwesikhashana, i-mangalica yaseHungary yafika eBrithani. Kodwa njengoba abalimi basendaweni besuka ekugcokeni beya emanzini, ukuzalana kwawo akuphumelelanga.
Uyazi? Ezweni lakubo le-mangalitsa yamaHungary, imfuyo yalo yanda minyaka yonke. Uma ngo-1920 kubalwa abantu abayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuphela, bese ngo-1943 lesi sibalo senyukile saba yizinkulungwane ezingu-30.
Ngokushesha izingulube zenyama zaxosha ama-mangalic emakethe yezolimo. Inombolo yezingulube emapulazini yawa ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile ayifinyelele amakhulu ayisikhombisa. Uma abalimi bebengakutholi ngesikhathi esifanele, lo mhlobo wawuyobe ungenakwenzeka. 
Ukukhululwa kwemfuyo kwaqala ngesinyathelo sababelethi bezingulube zaseHungary ngo-1994. Kwabe sekudalwa iNational National of pigs. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mbono wawuthathwa inkampani yaseBrithani "iPharadesi Elikhulu" kanye nabalimi base-United States of America. Namuhla, izingulube ezihlanzekile ze-woolly emhlabeni wonke, zikhona Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-7.
Incazelo yokuzalwa
Akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa ama-mangalitsa aseHungary nomunye uhlobo lwezingulube. Lezi artiodactyls eziyingqayizivele zinemibono eminingi ephawulekayo.
Into yokuqala okukushaya - lokhu kungukuthi uboya obude obudeukuthi ihlanganisa umzimba wonke ngisho nezindlebe. Kodwa, uma ugcina izilwane ekamelweni elifudumele futhi ukondla kahle, izinwele zezimvu ziphuma ngaphandle. Kuyinto yokuvikelwa kwemvelo ngokumelene nemakhaza nezinambuzane. Ngenxa yengubo enjalo yobuningi, izilwane zingagcinwa ngaphandle konyaka wonke.
Kubalulekile! Izingulube ezihamba phambili zinika ama-5-6 cubs. I-Farrow engaphezu kuka-9 ubuza ubufakazi begazi labazali abangcolile.
Isici sesibili esibalulekile ekuchazeni isiHungary sama-mangalica ukuzalwa kusho indawo emnyama engxenyeni engezansi yezindlebe. Ilebuli phakathi kwabalimi ibizwa ngokuthi "indawo ye-Wellman." Ingahluka ngobukhulu kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-5 cm futhi iyisibonakaliso esiqinisekisiwe sokuthi uhamba naye. Lokhu kuboniswa ngesikhumba esimnyama eduze kwamehlo, ukuhlambalaza, ama-hoop, izingono kanye ngaphakathi ngaphakathi komsila. 
Abamele ukhetho lwesiHungary banamathambo anamandla, kodwa alula, anomzimba nenhloko yobukhulu obuphakathi. Izindlebe zabo ziqondiswa phambili, futhi iphrofayli ivalwe kancane.
Uhlobo lubekwe njengalokhu iqembu elinamafutha. Izikhumba ezindala zilinganiselwa ku-300 kg, zinezingxenye ezingaphezu kwesigamu ezitholayo ezinyangeni ezingu-12 zokuqala ze-fattening. Ngalesi sikhathi abesifazane bavuthiwe. Isisindo sabo saminyaka yonke singama-160kg okwenyuka okungaba ngu-75 cm.
Izingulube zeHungary zihlukaniswa okhokho basendle ngokuzithoba kwazo okunokuthula. Bazuza ifa lokukhuthazela futhi bakwazi ukukhumbula ngekhanda indlela eya ekhaya. Izinhlanzi zinemvelo emvelo futhi zivikela inzalo yazo, zifudumele ebusika.
Kubalulekile! I-mangalitsa ye-Salo Hungarian inomusa nezinye izinhlobo. Okokuqala, iqukethe i-cholesterol encane, futhi izakhi eziningi kakhulu kanye nezakhi zokulandelela ezizuzisayo zitholakala ekubunjweni. Okwesibili, umkhiqizo uthola ngokushesha emzimbeni. Okufanayo kungashiwo ngenyama. Inani layo eliyinhloko emgqeni wokufanisa we-fat intermuscular eyancibilika ekuphekeni, okwenza isidlo sibe mnandi okhethekile. Kusuka inyama enjalo ibhakede elomile kakhulu elihlwabusayo futhi eliziwa emhlabeni wonke liyavela.
Izinhlobo zohlobo oluthile lokubala
Ngaphambilana, ngenkathi "ukunyakaza" kwemfuyo emafamu aseYurophu, izingulube ze-shaggy zahlukahluka ngemibala ehlukene, ezinganelisa konke ukunambitheka. Phakathi kwabo kwakumhlophe, imbala, imnyama, i-gray-brown, ibomvu, iyabhema ngokukhanya okukhanyayo nabanye abaningi. Kodwa namuhla, kuzo zonke lezizinto ezihlukahlukene, zikhona kuphela 4 subspecies:
- Mhlophe Umbala owuthandwayo kakhulu wama-mangalitz angamanje angamaHungary. Cishe amaphesenti angu-80 yenani labantu labanjalo.
- Umnyama Ngeshwa, namuhla abantu abanezinwele ezinjalo abavamile kakhulu. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi umbala usuvele ulahlekile.
- Okubomvu (ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa libomvu). Futhi ekupheleni kokuqedwa.
- "Swallow" (noma umbala oxutshwe). Amagundane alawa ma-subspecies abhekene nomhlane omnyama, ukuphuza nokubuya kwezindlebe, isisu esimhlophe nemilenze.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Ukubhekwa ngokubuyekezwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ukuzalwa kwezingulube ze-mangalica yesiHungary kubonakala kokubili izici ezinhle nezimbi. Sizoqonda ngokuningiliziwe lezi zingu-nuances.
Uyazi? Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izingulube ziqeqeshwa kalula, ziyaqonda kahle inkulumo yomuntu futhi zikwazi ngisho nokuzwelana. Isibonelo salokho kuhlolwa yingulube encane uMaurice, onesihloko samazwe angaphandle yegobe elihlakaniphile kakhulu. Amasekhondi angu-52 akwanele ukuthi abeke amapuzzli ndawonye.
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo ziyi:
- izinzuzo zomnotho ngokugcina izilwane (zidla emadlelweni futhi azidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokuzalanisa);
- ukuziphatha kwezenhlalakahle;
- ikhwalithi yesinkwa nesinyama, okubhekwa njengento enhle ngezolimo zomhlaba wonke;
- ukuzivikela kofuzo lwezingulube;
- ukukhuthazela okuncane;
- inzuzo ephezulu.
I-Cons
Kubonakala sengathi wonke umuntu uphupha izingulube ezinjalo: kubonakala sengathi ukhona, kodwa akukho ukuhlukunyezwa nabo - inzuzo kuphela. Kodwa-ke, kanye nezikhathi ezinhle zokuzalanisa lezi zinhlobo, kubi:
- ubunzima bokuthola abazali abangenalutho ngokuzala izingane;
- okuqukethwe kwalezi zingxenye ze-half-savages kudinga idlelo elikhulu elinokudla okuphezulu;
- ngenxa yokuthi isidingo sidlula ukunikezwa, inani lentengo yezingulube ezihamba phambili ayitholakali kumthengi ojwayelekile;
- ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwabesifazane (lesi sici sibonakala kuzo zonke izingulube ezihamba phambili).
Funda futhi ngezinye izinhlobo zezingulube: Duroc, Mirgorod, ibhande elibomvu, omhlophe omhlophe, i-vislobryusha yase-Vietnamese.
Indlela yokukhetha izingulube uma uthenga
Uma unquma ukuthola i-mangalica encane yesiHungary, hamba ukuthenga hhayi emakethe noma kwi-intanethi, kodwa emapulazini enegama elihle. Phela, umuntu akumele alindelwe kusuka ezigodini ze-mongrel ngenhla kokukhuthazela okukhulunywe ngakho futhi azivumelanise nanoma yiziphi izimo zokuboshwa. Yilungele ukuthi ukusesha umkhiqizo ofanele kungathatha isikhathi esiningi, ngoba uhlanga lubhekwa njengento exotic. 
Ukugwema ukuba yisisulu sabathengisi abangathembekile, khumbula izimpawu eziyinhloko:
- "I-Wellman's stain" endlebeni;
- isikhumba esimnyama esizungezile amehlo, amaconsi, kuhlambalaza, izinselo futhi ngaphakathi komsila;
- ijazi elimhlophe elibomvu, elibomvu, umbala omnyama noma "ukugwinya";
- emuva, okuyifa lezakhi zofuzo kusuka okhokho basendle.
Kubalulekile! Uma uthenga, qaphela ukuthi ingulube idla kanjani. Uma ethatha ngokugcwele ukudla okunikezwayo - isilwane esinjalo singathathwa. Uma ithola ukudla, udinga ukufuna enye.
Imikhakha yemifushane ingabonakala masinyane ngumlingisi ongathandeki. Benza nesisindo kabi, bekhetha ukudla futhi banomzimba onzima.
Thenga izingulube zidinga umbhangqwana. Enkampanini abayithokozile, badla kangcono futhi, ngokufanele, bakhula ngokushesha. Hlola ngokucophelela izilwane oyithandayo. Bona, ngaphezu kwesifiso esihle, kumele babe nokubukeka okunempilo. Khetha insizwa nge-sternum ebanzi kanye nokubuya ngokuqondile, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngisho nemilenze eqinile, umsila "we-bagel" ogobile, amehlo ahlanzekile nezindlebe. 
Abantu abanempilo bahlale bedlala futhi besebenza. Uma uwafaka ezandleni zakho, baqala ukumemeza kakhulu. Umsindo ongenamahloni noma onobuhle, noma ukungabi khona kwawo, kubonisa ukuthi impilo empofu nebuthakathaka babantu abathandekayo.
Kubalulekile! Yeka ukuthenga izingulube eziningi kakhulu. Ukuzungeza ngokweqile kwamafomu abo kubonisa ukulungiswa kusengaphambili kokudayiswa, okwakwenziwa ngokuphuza izilwane njalo ngobisi olumnandi. Abantu abanjalo banqotshwa kakhulu, bakhetha amaswidi futhi, uma nje udlulisela emadlelweni, uzolahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu.
Imibandela yokuqukethwe
Kuthiwa ama-mangalicans aseHungary ayakhathaleli noma yiziphi izimo azokhula ngazo. Ukudla nokulala kuzozithola. Futhi konke okunye - izinto ezincane. Kodwa abanikazi abanakekelayo bagcina umhlambi emasakeni akhethekile nokufinyelela kudlelo.
Ukuze uthole umhlambi wezingulube ze-woolly, udinga ukunakekelwa kokudla okukhulu nokuphezulu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuvikela ezilwaneni zasendle kanye nezinja. Lokhu kungaba yinhlama yasensimini noma insimu ehlwanyelwe ngokukhethekile.
Ngaphakathi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ama-canopy asehlobo aphansi, lapho izilwane zingafihla khona ilanga elivuthayo nesimo sezulu esibi.
Kubalulekile ukwakha i-pigsty efudumele ebusika. Naphezu kokukhuthazela nokuqina kwamabhakede, ukubusika ebusika ku-haystack kuzoba lula kakhulu kubo ekamelweni elihle. Phela, izimo ezimbi zizophazamisa ukwenziwa komhlambi. Esigodini kufanele kube njalo ukufinyelela kwamanzi amasha. 
Yimuphi ukunakekelwa okudingekayo
Ababelethi bathi isi-Hungarian magnalitz sidalwe abavilaphayo, ngoba lezi zilwane ezinamahloni, ngokungafani nezinhlobo zendabuko zezingulube, azidingi ukunakekelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi kuningi utshani, imifino, izithelo, ama-acorns namanzi.
Uyazi? Umthethosivivinywa omkhulu odumile waseTexas ungene emlandweni wezwe wokuzalanisa ingulube. Umkhumbi oneminyaka emine wawuwuhlobo oluthile lwezinhlobo zesiPolish nesiShayina. Ngokukhula kwe-1.52 cm, isisindo sakhe sasingu-1,153 kg, kanti ubude babuyi-2.74 cm. Ngemva kokufa kukaBill, akekho umlimi owakwazi ukukhula.
Ochwepheshe emkhakheni wezilwane zokulima ekhaya bacebisa ukuba bangavivinyi izilwane ukuze banike amandla futhi banikeze ukunakekelwa okufanayo nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Ukunakekela izingulube eziphephile kuncishiswe ekufuyweni kwazo kwansuku zonke, ukuhlanza amapenki nokuguquka kokulala. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izingulube zizimele futhi azidingi ukuphathwa njalo. Qinisekisa ukuthi bathola utshani namanzi, kodwa ungawadluli.
Ukunakekela i-shaggy kusiza ukuphikisana kwezakhi zofuzo ezifweni ezivamile zengulube. Lezi zikhumba azidingi ukuthi zigonywe futhi zinikezwe ama-antibiotics. Abagula. Izilwane zakudala zikhumbuza kuphela isidingo sezinyanga eziyisithupha ukukhipha imishanguzo kubantu abasha nabadala emilenzeni nasezibungu.
Thola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ama-mumps akho enezibonakaliso zesifo: Inkinga yase-Afrika, i-parakeratosis, i-pasteurellosis.
Izingulube ezincane emva kokubeletha, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuwaphula ama-canines, ukuze bangalimi ukuhlwanyela ngesikhathi sokudla. Ukuxoshwa okwesikhashana kwezingulube kubalulekile.
Kubalulekile! Nsuku zonke mangalica ithola isisindo ngesisindo ngasinye.
Indlela yokudla
Lolu hlobo lucacile kangangokuthi imibuzo mayelana nendlela yokudla ne-mangalica yesiHungary ixazululwa ngayo ngokwazo. Izinhlanzi ze-Woolen i-omnivores. Ngeke bayeke ukudla okuvela ekutshalweni kwezitshalo nezilwane, imikhiqizo yabo esetshenzisiwe, imfucuza yokudla.
Ebusika, ama-artiodactyls adla izitshalo zezimpande, ama-acorns, ama-chestnuts, ama-hay, ama-corn stlics, ama-bones, i-wheat brago, i-bran ne-offal. Ungavumeli izingane ezinamazinyo ngokudla okukhethile, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke zisadla kahle futhi zizodinga izidlo ezidliwayo.
Esikhathini sasehlobo, izingulube zinikezwa utshani (inhlanzi, insimu yokhula, imithi kanye neminye imithi), izithelo zamatalenta, ama-duckweed, amahlumela, amagxolo nezimpande zemithi ehlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi i-oki iyathandwa), amazambane, ama-corncob, izaqathe, ama-beet, u-squash. 
Ukukhulisa
Ukuhlwanyela emva kokukhipha imali kungavunyelwe ukuhamba futhi kugcinwa ngezingulube ipeni elivaliwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi kuze kube seminyaka eyizinyanga nesigamu abantwana abancane kanye nobisi lomama bathola wonke amavithamini adingekayo kanye nezici zokulandelela. Ngakho-ke, ukunakwa okukhethekile kubhalwa umsoco wesibeletho.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo zezingulube zasendulo emhlabeni wonke yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamaShayina Meishan. Indaba yakhe yaqala eminyakeni engaba ngu-400 edlule. Abantu ababelethwe bahlukaniswa ngobukhulu babo obukhulu, umbala omnyama oqinile, izindlebe ezide kakhulu, nekhanda elincishisiwe.
Abanikazi abathile bakhokha ukuthenga kokuphakelayo. Abanye bahlanganyela nakho okupheka kwabo. Ngalokhu udinga: utshani noma ukondla okunomsoco (70%), ikhanda (15%), ummbila (20%), ukolweni kanye ne-bran (10% ngayinye), ugoki noma inyama nesithambo (1%), ibhali (40%) kanye ne-premix for piglets (1%).
Yondla inhlanzi encane ingaba isonto emva kokuzalwa. Inketho engcono kunazo zonke i-barley eqoshiwe noma ingxoxo ye-liquid. Ukuqinisa amathambo, kuyinto efiselekayo ukunikela ngesidlo sakusihlwa, ugoki noma ubumba obomvu kuma-piglets. Ngalunye uhlobo akufanele avunyelwe ukondla ukondla kokubeletha kwabesifazane. Ugcwele isifo sohudo, isifo sofuba esivamile, sidonsa ngisho nokufa. 
Izingulube zenyanga feed starter feed nge ukwengeza izimpande izitshalo, hay noma amakhambi omisiwe. Kule minyaka yobudala, bangakwazi kakade banqunywa ekutshalweni.
Uma uhlela ukushiya imfuyo wena, ngalesi sikhathi, ungafundisa izingane ukuba zigijime. Kuze kube nezinyanga ezine, ama-piglets anikezwa ukudla okuvela ku-mackerel (3%), isikhokhi (5%), i-premix (1%), i-bran (10%), ukolweni (29%), ibhali (29%) nommbila (30%).
Kubalulekile! Ama-pigs adla umhlambi, feed feed kabili ngosuku. Ukuqhathanisa kwabo kubhekene nokufa.
Abantu abadala akukhawulelwe ekukhetheni kokudla. Into eyinhloko yukuthi ngosuku lokudla kwama-mangalits kufanele kube nembewu engu-70% yama-green or root, ama-20% ama-chestnuts nama-acorns, u-10% we-feed exubekile.
Njengoba ubona, ukutshalwa kwe-mangalitsa yesiHungary akudingi izindleko, ngenxa yokuthi yiyiphi ibhizinisi elinenzuzo kakhulu. Namuhla, ukufunwa kwabantu ngabanye balolu hlobo kukhula futhi.
