Ukuqala kwekwindla yekwindla "uBryansk Beauty" ibhekisela kulayini elincane lamapheya. Amathatha amnika amamaki aphezulu kakhulu enyameni, inyama enhle kakhulu, umbala obomvu wezinhlangothi zokugcwalisa nokubukeka okubukeka kahle. Ekuchazeni kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhulumi nje kuphela izimfanelo zokunambitheka kakhulu, kodwa futhi nokuzikhiqiza komuthi, kanye nobungozi obuncane bokulimala yiqhwa lokuqala.
Umlando we-Inference
Izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya "ubuhle baseBryansk" waba ngumnikazi waleli gama alilona nje. Ekhishwa eduze kwedolobha laseBryansk likaN. I. Rozhnov, laba yinto enhle eyakhayo futhi ngokushesha yagcwalisa izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo. Kuze kube manje, umlando wokutholakala kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo awwaziwa ngokuqinisekile. 
Ngokusho kwe-version engenzeka kakhulu, abazali be- "Bryansk Beauty" babeyizinhlobonhlobo zezinwele "Williams Red" no "Unyaka Omusha". Naphezu kokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ikakhulukazi esifundeni soMhlabathi Womnyama, ngokushesha sathola ukuthandwa kwezinye izifunda. Iphakathi kwe-Pear isakazwa kuyo yonke indawo ephakathi kweRussia, ikakhulukazi, yabelwe phakathi kwabanye abalimi be-Urals.
Abalimi abanakekelayo nabo bakhangisa izinhlobo ezinjalo zamapheya: "Ukuthambekela", "Otradnenskaya", "Ngokukhumbula uZhegalov", "Petrovskaya", "Avgustovskaya dew", "Izingane", "Rogneda", "Elena", "Fairy tale", "Nika", "Nika" "Lada", "Severyanka", "Inkumbulo Yakovlev", "Izintandokazi Yakovlev", "Duchess".
Incazelo yomuthi
Isihlahla ngokuvamile asimude kakhulu, sifinyelela ukuphakama okuphakathi. Ukuma komqhele kufana nephiramidi ethinta. Umdwebo womzali "uWilliam Red" unikeza lezi ezihlukahlukene isici esihlukile: isihlahla sinomshini obomvu.
Kuze kuvele ukuhluma kwe-apical, amahlumela abasha anemibala ye-burgundy, ikakhulukazi ebonakalayo emaqabeni aphezulu amagatsha amancane. I-tinge efanayo ebomvu inegxolo. Amaqabunga esihlahla aphendulela okwedlulele kuphela ngesikhathi, egcwele, emnyama futhi eluhlaza.
Incazelo yezithelo
Izithelo zobuhle beBryansk zinkulu, zinemibala ebomvu futhi zibukeka kahle. Ifomu ngezinye izikhathi lingashintsha, kodwa kaningi liyanwetshwa, lihlukaniswe futhi lime. Isikhumba esiqhingini sinombala omnyama we-burgundy, ubushelelezi kuze kube yilapho uthinta futhi kunzima.
Inyama inombala omuhle ukhilimu. Awunakho iphunga elikhanyayo, elinomusi ophunga obala kakhulu. Phakathi kwezimfanelo zokunambitheka kunjenge-sweetness, juiciness, softness, tenderness, kukhona ubuhlungu kancane, isithelo kubonakala kancane oily. Lapho udla amapheya, kubonakala sengathi i-pulp yayo iyancibilika emlonyeni.
Uyazi? Umlando we-pear tree uneminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu! Ngesikhathi sokuqala baqala ukuyihlakulela eGrisi lasendulo. Ngaleso sikhathi, izithelo eziphakathi kwezwe zazibizwa ngokuthi izipho zonkulunkulu futhi zanikelwa kunkulunkulukazi uHera no-Aphrodite.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
"Ubuhle bukaBryansk" buhle ukufuna ukukhanyisa. Kudinga ukukhanya okuningi, indawo evulekile ukuze ilanga lingavimbeli ezinye izinto. Uma lesi simo sigcinwa, i-pear iqoqa ushukela kahle. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ugweme ukubukeka kwemidwebo namanzi aphelile. Izinto ezinjalo ezingalungile zingaba nomthelela omkhulu enhlalakahleni yomuthi.
Funda mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamapheya ezifanele ukukhula esifundeni saseMoscow, eSiberia, i-Urals kanye neqembu eliphakathi.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Isayithi kufanele ivuleke futhi ingafakiwe. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele agijime ngokujula kwamamitha amathathu ukusuka phezulu. Uma ukujula kuncane, amanzi aphelile azobangela ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lomuthi lubole. Isimo esincane se-asidi noma se-neutral sithandekayo kakhulu kulesi sitshalo. Kunconywa ukuthi kukhanya, umoya uphephile, uvundile futhi unomsoco.
Ukuvota
Izinhlobo Pear "Ubuhle beBryansk" ibhekisela kuhlobo lwemithi yama-samoplodny. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uyakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwayo futhi akudingi amanye ama-pollinator ukwenza izithelo. Lesi sici sizuzisa izinhlobonhlobo uma zingekho izitshalo ezifanele ukuvotela. Kodwa ukuvuna ngaphandle kwabo kungase kungabi nocebile kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ososayensi bayaqaphela ukuthi izinhlobo ezizenzekelayo zizinzile - ukukhiqiza kwabo akuxhomeke ekuguqulweni kwesimo sezulu kuphela, kodwa futhi endaweni yokukhula.
Ukuze bazibonele ngokuvuna okuzinzile, kuyadingeka ukuthi eceleni kwe "Ubuhle" kwakuyi-pollinator yesihlahla. Isimo esikhulu: izimbali zombili izitshalo kumele ziwe phansi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Uma izihlahla ezifanele zikhula ekamelweni elihle lasehlobo, awukwazi ukutshala lokhu esiqhingini sakho. Kodwa-ke, ukujwayela kubonisa ukuthi ama-pollinator amaningi aphakathi, isivuno esiphezulu futhi esiqinile.
Ukuze uthole impova eyengeziwe emthini, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa ezinye izinhlobo zamapheya. Noma kunjalo, akufanele kube kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuhluka okuvuthiwe nokuvuna, ama-graft angakhula kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa, ephazamisa ukukhanya okuhle kobuhle bukaBryansk.
Fruiting
Ikhasi liqala ukuthela izithelo ngokushesha - kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala, nangonyaka wesithupha wokuphila, ithola isivuno esiphezulu. Izithelo zivuthwe ekuqaleni kwekwindla: cishe engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Septhemba noma eduze nendawo.
Isikhathi sokumbali
Ukuze injabulo enkulu yabalimi, "uBryansk Beauty" ingasongelwa yiqhwa nokuqhwaza, ngoba isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala isikhathi eside kuye - amaviki amabili noma amathathu kamuva kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi yalezi zinhlobo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izimbali zamakhaza sezivele sezidlula ngokuphelele, kanti umuthi awusongelwa yi-frost yokubuya. Ngokuvamile, cishe yonke inkathi yezimbali "Ubuhle" ziwela ngoMeyi.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Ukuqala kukaSeptemba yisikhathi sokukhetha izithelo ezivuthiwe. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka emavikini amabili okuqala enyangeni. Kulula kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi isivuno singasetshenziswa ukuvuna: ngaphambi kwalokho, amapheya amnyama ahlanzekile abomvu abe mncane kakhulu, aphenduke aphuzi, futhi uboya obomvu obumnyama obuningi besikhumba.
Ukuthela
Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingezitshalo ezizimele, lapho kungekho khona impova, ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa isivuno esikhulu. Naphezu kokuthi izimbali zigcwele kakhulu, ekwindla inani lezithelo alilona likhulu kakhulu - ungaqoqa cishe 20 kg kwezitshalo. Amapheya cishe akalokothi akhule ngamabili noma amaqoqo, ngokuvamile kaningi kuphela.
Isivuno esincane sihlawuliswa izithelo ezinkulu ezinhle. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngamunye wabo ulinganisa u-200 g, kodwa eminyakeni engcono kakhulu isisindo sepeya eyodwa singafinyelela ku-450 g! Uma kukhona ama-pollinators afanele eduze "ne-Bella", inhlabathi iyondla futhi inani lomswakama lanele, khona-ke isivuno esivela esihlahleni esisodwa singakhuphuka sibe ngu-30 kg.
Kubalulekile! Ukwandisa izitshalo, ukutshala izidakamizwa eduze kwepeari kunconywa.
Ukuthutha nokugcina
Ngemuva kokuba izithelo zithathwe phakathi no-Septhemba, ubuhle beBryansk bungagcinwa cishe amasonto amabili. Ekamelweni eliqandisini, le nkathi inikezelwa ezinyangeni ezimbili.
Ukuhamba nokugcinwa kwamapheya kungcono ukusebenzisa amabhokisi amakhadibhodi. Ngaphansi kwawo, udinga ukubeka amashidi ephepha, futhi kungcono ukumboza ngefilimu encane yeplastiki. Okulandelayo, izithelo zihlanganiswe kahle emigqeni emibili, zihlanganiswe nefilimu phezulu. Lokhu kusiza ukugwema ukufudumala nokwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-carbon dioxide, okuvumela ukuthi izithelo zibe zinde kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Kukhona ubudlelwane obuqondile phakathi kokuvuna isihlahla esihlahleni bese uyifaka esitolo esilungile: kufushane igebe phakathi kwalezi zenzo, isikhathi eside isithelo sizohlala sisanda.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
"Ubuhle baseBryansk" bubhekwa njengento engathobekile. Isheshe ibuyele emahlathini okungazelelwe, ibekezelela isikhathi sasebusika kahle. Eyingozi kuye kuphela izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni. - zibulala umdwebo.
Lesi sihlahla sinomkhuhlane omkhulu futhi asivamile ukuthi sigula. Ayesabi isikhutha se-powdery. Futhi izibungu ze-moth eliphakathi kwe-pear, ezikhetha izinhlobo zehlobo kuphela, zingasongeli ukuze ziphazamise izithelo ekwindla "Ubuhle": isikhumba sayo esisheshayo esishelelekile asivumeli izimpungushe ziphume.
Ukuphela kokusongela kusele umonakalo wesikhumba. Kodwa leli peyari limelana kakhulu nokubonakala kwalo. Lesi sifo singabonakala semvula kakhulu eminyakeni yemvula, lapho umswakama uphezulu kakhulu. Imibandela enjalo kuphela ingabangela ukusakazeka kwesikhumba, esiqala emaqabunga, futhi ekugcineni siqhubeke esivumelwaneni, sivimbe ukukhula kwabo futhi senze singakufanele ukusetshenziswa.
Uyazi? Lo muthi uhlonishwa ngenkuni eqinile kakhulu. Idalwe kusuka ezinsimbi zomculo, ifenisha ngisho nezitsha zigcina ukubukeka kwazo kungashintshi amakhulu eminyaka.
Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso
Isihlahla asibekezeleli isomiso. Uma kungabikho inani elaneleyo lokuswakama izithelo zomswakama kabi. Izithelo zawo ziba ezincane, zomile futhi zingenakusihlwa.
Ubusika obunzima
Ukumelana ne-frost kulezi zikhonkwane kuphezulu. Ezingxenyeni eziphakathi, zingamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi njenge--35 degrees. Isihlahla hhayi ukwesaba isithwathwa. Ngisho noma ikhululeka, isikhathi sokubuyisa sifushane futhi siphumelele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Ipeyari iyinto yonke yokusetshenziswa ekhaya. Izithelo zaso zinambitheka futhi zingadliwa zihlanzekile. Kufaneka kahle izaladi zezithelo, ukulungiselela izithelo purees, ezingasetshenziselwa ukondla izinsana, ngokugcwalisa izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene.
Isithelo siphumela ama-compotes esimnandi. Amapheya angalondolozwa ukusetshenziswa kwasebusika. Noma kunjalo, ukunambitheka kwalezi zithelo yiyona into ebaluleke kunazo zonke.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Njenganoma yikuphi okunye, lokhu kuhlukahluka kwamapheya kunezinzuzo nezingozi. Noma kunjalo, izinzuzo zalezi zihlukahlukene namanje zikhulu kakhulu.
Izinzuzo
"Bryansk Beauty", ekhuluma ngomugqa ophakeme wamapheya, inezinzuzo eziningana:
- uqala ukuthela izithelo ngokushesha, emva kweminyaka emithathu emva kokutshala;
- eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva, ungakwazi ukuvuna isivuno esiphezulu esihlahleni;
- izinga eliphakeme lobunzima bebusika kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa;
- ukuzivikela kwemvelo ukugaya, izifo ze-aphid nezifungalwazi;
- ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu;
- ukubukeka okuhle okuhlobisa kokubili izithelo nemikhakha yomuthi;
- ukuzimela, ukuzimela kwezitshalo zempova;
- ukuzivikela kwemvelo ezinambuzane ezinkulu.
I-Cons
Nokho, njenganoma imuphi umuthi wesithelo, unayo ukungalungi, nakuba bengeningi kakhulu:
- umkhiqizo ongenakulinganiswa ekuziphatheni ngokwawo;
- ubuzwe besomiso, obonakala ekulahlekelweni kwezithelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni "Ubuhle baseBryansk" buyaziwa ngokuba mnandi kakhulu, ububele be-pulp, ukubukeka okubukeka okubomvu kwezithelo ezinkulu. Ngokushesha uqala ukuthela izithelo futhi uhambelana kahle hhayi kuphela esifundeni Somhlabathi Womnyama, kodwa futhi naseRussia ephakathi. Isihlahla asidingi ukunakekelwa okungenasidingo futhi sizohlala sikujabulisa ngezithelo ezinomnandi nezomnandi.
