Ngezizathu eziningana, ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelo kwama-bee amakoloni akuvunyelwanga ngaso sonke isikhathi kumuntu ophuza izinyosi.
Kungcono ukulawula ngokugcwele le nqubo futhi, uma kunesidingo, uhlele ukuzulazula kokufakelwa.
Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi singayenza kanjani.
Incazelo
Kungenzeka ukwakha imindeni entsha yezinyosi kokubili emindenini egcwele futhi ngosizo lwalokho okuthiwa. i-nuclei, im.m. imindeni emincane, eyakhiwe ngokuhlakanipha. Ukwakha i-nucleus, basusa emndenini oqinile kuze kube yizimele ezimbili ezinama-brood nama-feed ozimele angu-1-2. Zifakwa emcimbini omusha, osuke udluliselwe kwenye indawo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinyosi ezindala zibuyela emndenini wabo, futhi intsha ifomu ikholomu entsha, okunikezwa ngayo isibeletho esiyinyumba noma udoti ovuthiwe unomthelela.
Kubalulekile! Ekuqaleni, izinyosi ezincane azikwazi ukuzinikela ngamanzi, ngakho-ke izinsuku zokuqala ezinhlanu zidinga ukufaka isitsha sokuphuza.
Emva kokuvela kwesibeletho esisha kanye nokuqala kwezibungu kuqala ukudala umndeni wezinyosi ogcwele. I-nucleus iqiniswa ngokuzimele okuvuthiwe - okokuqala faka eyodwa noma amabili ozimele, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphezulu kokubili. Esikhathini esizayo, ikoloni iqala ngokuzimela. 
Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-bee colony ngesigamu noma isigamu sehlobo ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa komndeni oqinile ogcwele. Umndeni onjalo uhlukaniswe ngokulingana ngokulinganayo, kusukela kuhhafu ngayinye ikoloni entsha.
Ukuzaliswa kwezinyosi zezinyosi, okuthiwa "i-plaque esibelethweni", kuyenziwa lapho umndeni usulungele ukuqhuma kwemvelo, okungukuthi, uye wabeka isisindo samangqamuzana amakhosikazi omama.
Ngalendlela, amakoloni ahlukaniswe ukuze izinambuzane ezindizayo ezinesibeletho zihlale emcimbini owodwa, futhi ezingenayo ezindizayo nezinzalo kwenye.
Funda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngezinhlobo ezinjengezinyosi ezinjenge-black-and-white, hawthorn, esparcetovy, u-acacia, i-chestnut, u-buckwheat, i-lime, i-phacelia, i-coriander, ithanga, i-rapeseed, i-dandelion.
Ukuqhathaniswa okujwayelekile nokuzalana kwemvelo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelo kwemindeni ngokuthungatha kubangelwa ukuhluleka okuphawulekayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlukaniswa okuhleliwe okuhleliwe. Ngokuyinhloko, phakathi nenqubo yokuthungatha, ukuqoqwa koju kukhulu (kuze kufike kuma-50%) kunciphise. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhuma ngokwemvelo kuvame ukuqhudelana - imindeni eminye iyaqhuma, abanye abakwenzi. Ezimweni ezinjalo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlela ukukhula, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zezinyosi.
Uyazi? Inyosi ngayinye iletha uju oluncane empilweni yayo, cishe ngo-1/12 tsp. Kodwa inani elikhulu lezinyosi koloni libavumela ukuba baqoqe imiqulu emnandi yale mkhiqizo oyigugu phakathi nenkathi. - kuze kube ngu-200 kg. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ebusika badla isilinganiso sama-35 kg uju.Ngaphansi kwezimo zokuzalana kwemvelo yezinyosi, isibeletho sibonakala singalawuleki, kuhlanganise nemindeni ebuthakathaka engathandeki ekuthuthukiseni phambili. Isikhathi kanye nokuvela kwamakhosikazi ezihlakalweni ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukusungula.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, umlimi wezinyosi akakwazi ukuqalisa umsebenzi wokuzalanisa.
Amacala avamile ukulahlekelwa izibungu ezingagxili embhalweni wezinyosi. Ukugwema ukulahlekelwa okunjalo, kubalulekile ukugcina i-apiary isikhathi eside. Ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane ezihlakazekile kungaba nzima (isibonelo, uma isibhamu sihlala phezulu esihlahleni). 
Ngakho, ukwehlukana kwemvelo kwezinyosi koloni kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyosi, kuphazamisa umsebenzi wokuzalanisa, kubangele izinkinga eziningi zokulondolozwa kwemindeni ehlukanisiwe. Zonke lezi zinkinga zingagwenywa ngokulawula inqubo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izikebhe zemvelo zinezinzuzo ezithile phezu kwemindeni eyakhiwe ngokuhlakanipha. Ngokushesha futhi ngokuphumelelayo bakha ama-honeycombs futhi basebenza ngokukhiqiza kakhulu endaweni yezokwelapha.
Uyazi? Emini, izinyosi ziyakwazi ukuhlola izimbali ezingaphezu kuka-5 000. Zonke izinyosi zomhlaba ngosuku olulodwa nje lokuvundisa izimbali ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizigidigidi.
Ukuzala okuphilayo
Isikhathi sonke emndenini wezinyosi kukhona izinqubo ezithinta abantu bayo - ukuvela kwezinyosi ezintsha nokufa kwabantu abadala. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izinyosi zifa ngaphezu kokuzalwa, kanti inani lamakholoni liyancipha. 
Kodwa kancane kancane ukwehla kwamanani kuyaphela, futhi ukukhula okusheshayo koloni kubonakala ngenxa yokukhiqiza okusebenzayo.
Ngesinye isikhathi, inani lamaqanda elibekwe nsuku zonke ngesibeletho sifinyelela phezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwedlula ama-nurslings kuvela emthonjeni, futhi izibungu ngasinye zikhonjiswa yilokho, kodwa izinyosi ezinjalo ezine.
Ukuvela kwenani elikhulu lezinambuzane ezingalayishiwe, kanye nokuqina komndeni, kubambe iqhaza ekusungulweni kwemvelo.
Ukubunjwa kwezinyosi zezinyosi
Amakholomu ama-bee amasha aqala ukwakha ngokubunjwa kwe-nuclei (inqubo echazwe ngenhla). Isibeletho sezinyosi esiyinyumba sifakwe ku-nucleus ehlanganiswe nge-cap, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo isibeletho sikhishwe ngaphansi kwekhanda. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, uqala ukubeka amaqanda. Ukuguqula i-nucleus ibe i-otvodok egcwele isichitha. Le nqubo iqala ngokushesha emva kokubeka amaqanda kuqala enkosinikazi encane. Omunye noma amafreyimu amabili e-brood ephrintiwe afakwa ku-nucleus, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5 amanye amafrimu abekwe lapho.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhula okusheshayo kokusika kutholakala, umndeni omusha wezinyosi uba ngokwanele futhi uthatha ingxenye ekhuthele ekuqoqweni kweju.
Esikhundleni sezintombi ezingenalutho, amangqamuzana endlovukazi asevuthiwe angagcinwa angafakwa nuclei. Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana enkosikazi abambelele kahle ngenhla ye-honeycomb eduze kwe-brood. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani isidumbu sezinyosi ukuphuma esitokisini senkosikazi - izinsuku eziyi-16.
Kodwa uma usebenzisa i-cell queen evuthiwe, le nqubo iyancipha kakhulu. 
Esikhathini esizayo, izakhiwo zenziwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ukwakhiwa kwe-cuttings kwenziwa ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwesifumbathiso esiyinhloko.
Izinyosi zomuntu ngamunye
Uma izinyosi ze-nucleus bese zenzelwe izingqimba zithathwe kuphela emndenini owodwa, izendlalelo ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi umuntu ngamunye. Lolu hlobo lokubeka phansi lunganciphisa ngokweqile umndeni oyinhloko.
Ukuqoqa izinyosi
Endabeni lapho izinambuzane ezivela emindenini ehlukene zisetshenziselwa ukwakha ikholomu entsha yezinyosi, izingxenye zibizwa ngokuthi zihlangene. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba udale ngokushesha izendlalelo ezanele.
Funda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani isidleke sezinyosi, isifuba se-alpine, isakhiwo sezinyosi, isidleke semisipha eminingi, i-beehive ka-Dadan.
Uhlu lomndeni wezinyosi uyingxenye
Sebenzisa le ndlela yokuhlukanisa kungenzeka kuphela ngokuphathelene nekoloni enkulu eqinile. Ukwenza lokhu, emthonjeni ogcwele abantu abaningi, bafaka ingenalutho futhi babeke ingxenye yesigatshana nama-brood namafolda okufolda kuwo. Akunandaba ukuthi yisiphi isidleke esibelethweni esiwela kuso. 
Ngokulandelayo, imifantu ibekiwe ukuze bobabili bekude ibanga lesigamu semitha, ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele kwendawo yokuqala yendawo yomphakathi. Kulesi simo, amakheji kufanele atholakale ngendlela efanayo nendawo yokuhlala isidleke esivela endaweni yayo yokuqala.
Uyazi? Inyosi egcwele i-nectar ayikwazi ukugubha.Izinyosi, ukubuya, azitholi isidleke sawo endaweni yakudala bese ziqala ukusabalaliswa phakathi kwezimbisi ezimbili eziseduze.
Uma zisatshalaliswa ngendlela engafanele, khona-ke isifuba esithandwa kakhulu "sithandwa" sisuswa.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kuhlukaniswe umndeni ophumelelayo, isidleke sesibili kufanele sihambelane nesokuqala ngobukhulu, umbala nokubukeka.Ngokuhamba kancane, izinyosi ziphendukele ezenzakalweni eziphambene futhi zihanjiswe ukusuka komunye nomunye ukuya ezindaweni ezingapheliyo. Esikhathini esidlekeni, esingaphelelwa yisibeletho, isisu esibelethwayo sitshalwe.
Izinyosi esibelethweni noma izinyosikazi zezinyosi
Kule ndlela, okokuqala, lungiselela isidleke esisha, uyibeke endaweni yokuhlala futhi uhambise lapho kusuka emajondolo amabili omdala wesifuba ama-brood, amafreyimu ambalwa asheshayo nesibindi.
Umuthi omdala udluliselwa kwenye indawo yezinyosi, futhi noma ngabe indlovukazi entsha noma umama ophuzo oludatshulwayo ufakwa kuwo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-plaque esibelethweni noma utshwala bomama kuhle ukugwema ukuqhuma kwemvelo, okungase kuqale ukuqala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imindeni eyakhelwe ekuqaleni yayibuthakathaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bane-disproportion: kwelinye ikoloni izinyosi zezindiza ezinesibeletho, kanti kwezinye - hhayi ezindizayo nezinzalo. 
USimming noTaranov bagxuma ngokweqile
Ezinye izindlela zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwemvelo. Uma usebenzisa indlela yeSimmins, wonke amafele ane-worm noju adluliselwa esitolo. Lezi ozimele zihlukaniswe nayo yonke indawo engenalutho endaweni yokungena yi-latin Hahnemann.
Isikhala esingenalutho sigcwele uhlaka olunobunzima.
Uzothola nesithakazelo sokufunda ngezinyosi zezinyosi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-bex, indlela yokuhlola uju ngemvelo, okudinga ukuhlanzwa kwe-wax kanye no-honey extractor.Okulandelayo, ama-sushi amafrimu amabili abekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zomnyango. Zonke izinambuzane, kufaka phakathi isibeletho, ziyagudluzwa phansi phansi esidlekeni esakhiwe kanjalo.
Esikhathini esizayo, ezinye zezinyosi zidlula i-trellis kuya kwesibungu, ezinye zihlala ngesisu bese ziqala ukuhlomisa isidleke esisha, kanti isibeletho sihlwanyela uhlaka. Ngakho-ke, ngokwemigomo ye-Simmins, ukuqhuma okufakelwayo kwenzeka ngaphakathi emngeni. 
Indlela yeTaranov ihilela ukugcoba izinyosi ngentuthu emnyango bese ulandela phezulu kohlaka. Lokhu ukukhwabanisa kubangela izinyosi ukuqoqa uju kule zobiki. Ngaphambi kwe-letkom, ibhodi ifakiwe, enye engqenqemeni yayo ethintana nomhlabathi, kanti enye ikhona phambi kwelekisi.
Izinyosi, kanye nesisu, ziyanyakaziswa emhlabathini eceleni kwebhodi. Ngaphansi kwebhodi, zikhubeka zibe yi-swarm, efaka isikhukhula. Kuze kube ngakusasa ekuseni, i-roev igcinwa endaweni epholile. Ekuseni, wonke amangqamuzana amakhosikazi emcimbini abhujiswa, futhi isibhamu sabuyiselwa endaweni endala.
Kubalulekile! Uma ushiya okungenani utshwala owodwa oyedwa, ke ukuvimbela ukuthungatha ngeke kuphumelele. Uma ungawubhubhisi amangqamuzana enkosikazi, kodwa uhambise isikhukhula esihlahleni esisha, kodwa umndeni oyinhloko uzothathaka.
Izindlela zokufakelwa zokuthutha ngokuhambisana noSimmens noma iTaranov zinemiphumela ethile. Ngakho-ke, indlela yeSimmens isebenza kuphela ngokuphindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayivumeli ukulawula ikhwalithi yesibeletho, ngakho-ke kwenziwa kuphela ezincane zezinyosi. 
Uma ugijimela eTaranov, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyosi eziye zathola le nqubo, umsebenzi, uma kungenjalo ukuqubuka kuzokwenzeka. Kumphumela ofanayo uzoholela futhi ungabhubhi endlovukazikazi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi zezinyosi zesikhashana
Kwezinye izimo, ngenxa yokungabi nesikhombiso sokukhiqiza, izinyosi ezizalisayo zigcwele ngaphansi komsebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, bangaqala ukumba, okunciphisa umkhiqizo wezinyosi. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, izinyosi zesikhashana zisetshenziswa.
Bakha lezi zendlalelo ngendlela yokuthi ekuqaleni kokufumbathisa okuyinhloko, imindeni emisha ingahle ihlanganyele ekuqoqweni kwezinyosi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukufakwa kwezinto kuhlanganiswa ezinsukwini ezingu-40 zakamuva ngaphambi kokufumbathiswa okuyinhloko futhi isisu esiswini sikhulelwe ngokushesha.
Ukwakheka kwe-otvodka sebenzisa indlela eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwezinyosi kuyingxenye (bheka incazelo ngenhla). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isigamu somndeni womthombo kanye nesithathu kungenziwa kabusha endaweni entsha - konke kuxhomeke ezimweni ezithile kanye nesimo se-koloni. 
Ekupheleni kwenkathi, imindeni yesikhashana iqedwa: izinyosi nama-brood zihlanganiswe nekoloni yokuqala, yamakhosikazi amabili ashiya okungcono kakhulu.
Ngenxa yalokho, iqoqo eliphelele lezinyosi ezivela emindenini eyinhloko neyesikhashana landa kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu ohlukanisiwe, futhi umndeni oqinile kakhulu uya ebusika.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhiqiza izinyosi okuphumelelayo ngokuphumelelayo kungenzeka kuphela ngezikhathi ezihle. Le migomo ibalwa ngokusekelwe ekhalendeni yezitshalo zezinyosi zezimbali. Ukwakheka kwe-cuttings, kanye nokuchitha imali yokufakelwa kokufakelwa okungakapheli amaviki ama-5 ngaphambi kokuqala kwesifumbathiso.
Ngokuqondile, inqubo yenziwa izinsuku ezingu-50 ngaphambili.
Ekuphetheni, ukuvuthwa kwemvelo kwezinyosi, njengombuso, kuyinto engathandeki kubalimi bezinyosi. 
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cuttings, kanye nezindlela ezifana noSimmens noTaranov, yizindlela eziphumelelayo zokuzivimbela.
