Umbono wemibhede ngamatamatisi amakhulu atshalwe kuwo uyamangalisa abaningi. Uma bebona "isitshalo" esinjalo, abalimi bavame ukugxilisa umqondo wokuthatha isitshalo esikhulu endaweni encane. Kodwa ukuthola izithelo ezinkulu kudinga umsebenzi olinganiselwe, ngakho-ke ngisho nangaphambi kokuthenga imbewu kunconywa ukubala amandla akho namakhono akho.
Cabangela izamatamatisi ezinkulu ezithakazelisayo "Elephant Pink", nokuthi yini ukulima kwabo kubonakala njengokusebenza.
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene
Lesi yisikhathi seminyaka ephakathi, esihlukaniswa ngosayizi omkhulu wehlathi kanye nezithelo. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kufika ku-1.3-1.5 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aphakathi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, okufana namazambane. Ubuningi obuhlaza bukhula ngesivinini esilinganiselwe, kodwa awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokumisa.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-110-115 emva kokuba imbewu "ithambile", izithelo zokuqala zivela ehlathini, ziqoqwe ezincane (3-4 izingcezu). Izisindo zesisindo kusuka ku-0.3-1 kg. Ihlumela elikhulu kunamagatsha aphansi. 
Bahlukaniswa umbala obomvu obomvu obumnyama ngaphandle kwemigqa noma izibazi. Ngokubukeka, lezi zitshalo zizungezile, kodwa zifakwe kancane, futhi endaweni ye-stem, izimbambo ezibonakalayo zibonakala ngokucacile. Uma usika utamatisi, khona-ke uzothola ukuthi imbewu ngaphakathi iyingcosana, futhi ekuphumeni kwama-lobules kukhona izingxenye ushukela.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, lezi utamatisi azifanelekile ukulondolozwa.
Ukunambitha nakho kuphakama: i-pulp yamanzi, enamafutha esampula iphenduka ibe mnandi, ngaphandle "kobunzima" obuvela ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Ngokuqondene nesikhumba, kunzima, kodwa ngokulinganisela - ngaphandle kokuqina okungadingekile.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Isitshalo esinencazelo enjalo sinesithakazelo esikhulu phakathi kwabanikazi bama-cottages nezitidi. Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuthenga imbewu, kufanelekile ukunaka kokubili amandla ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nobuthakathaka bayo. Ngaphandle kokushiwo ngabo, isici ngeke siphelele, ngakho sizozama ukuthola ukuthi yini izitamatisi zezintambo ze-elephant ezihle kakhulu, nokuthi ziphansi kanjani kwamanye utamatisi.
Izinzuzo
Phakathi kwezimpikiswano eziningi ezibhekiswe kaningi:
- izithelo ezinkulu;
- ukunambitheka okunomusa;
- inyama enhle enhle;
- isivuno esikhulu (3-4 kg esihlahleni);
- ukuphila okude eside nokuthutha okuphezulu (ngenxa yezinsizi ezincane);
- ukuzivikela okuhle, kufaka phakathi i-fungal;
- ukumelana nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane. Abavame ukusongela "amaqhawe" anjalo.
Ngempela kunezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa "indlovu" inezinkinga zayo.Hlola izinhlobo ezinjengamatamatisi njenge: "Olubomvu Olubomvu", "iKhadidi", "I-Golden Heart", "Aelita Sanka", "Ukugcwaliswa Okumhlophe", "Persimmon", "Barefoot Bear", "Yamal", "Sugar Bison", "U-Red Guard", "Gina", "Rapunzel", "Samara", "I-Little Red Riding Hood" no- "Mikado Pink".
I-Cons
Abantu abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi izinhlobo ezinkulu zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Lokhu kuboniswa ngesidingo:
- ukubunjwa okuvamile nokucophelela kwesihlahla (pasynkovanie, shtambovanie kanye ne-garters);
- ukuphuza kanye nokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukuze unike, okuvakashelwe kanye ngesonto, utamatisi onjalo ngokusobala akufanelekile;
- ukuhlinzeka ngezimo zokushisa. Amatamatisi amakhulu anezilinganiso zawo ahlala izitshalo ezinzima kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ekwindla ka-2014, incwadi kaGuinness yamaRekhodi ivuselele ulwazi olukhulu kunawo wonke phakathi kwamatamatisi asekhulile. UDani McCoy waseMinnesota waphuma embhedeni omkhulu wama-3.8 kg! Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, utamatisi omkhulu kunqatshelwe ukuthi isithelo esinesisindo esingu 3.5 kg (le rekhodi yahlala iminyaka engama-28).
Uma ubunzima obunjalo bungawusabi futhi isinqumo sokuthatha ukufika singaguquki, ungagcina imbewu.
Izithombo ezikhulayo
I-algorithm yokusebenza ngezinhlamvu zembewu iyona evame kakhulu, "okuvamile" okunjalo kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka izigidi zabalimi. Amanye amakhono akhethekile awadingeki lapha, ngaphandle kwalokhu kunemba, okuhambisana nolwazi lwezici zokulima ezihlukahlukene.
Izinsuku zokutshala
Imbewu ingcono ukuqala phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMashi. Ukuhlwanyela kwangaphambili kungase kungaphumeleli - izimbiza "zikaFebruwari" ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho) zingase zingapheli zingenalutho. 
Indima ebalulekile idlala yizici zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi sezulu. Uma indlu ifudumele futhi isimo sesimo sezulu sesivele sishonile, ungakulungela ukusebenza. Kodwa amabhethri atshisayo kakhulu, kanye "nobusika obungunaphakade" ngaphandle kwefasitela, ngeke kube "ukuqala" okuhle kakhulu, bese ukukhuthaza ukukhula kuzodingeka uvule isibani isikhathi eside.
Amandla nomhlabathi
Njengesiqukathi, izimbiza ezinkulu ezinezimbobo zamanzi noma iziqukathi ezibanzi ezinezimbongolo ezibonakalayo zizofanelana. Ukuba khona kwe-pallet kuyimpoqo.
Kubalulekile! Izithombo zalala cishe izinsuku ezingu-60-65 ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Lesi yisiqondiso esamukeleka ngokujwayelekile, kodwa singalungiswa (isibonelo, ngenxa yesimo sezulu "ama-vagaries").
Umhlabathi omuhle uyingxenye yempi. Kuthengiswa ezitolo, kodwa ungalungisa i-substrate ngezandla zakho:
- Inhlabathi yensimu ixubene nama humus ngokulingana okulinganayo. I-humus ethathwa, umquba omusha uzovele ushise imbewu enobuthi;
- ngoba umphumela omuhle ugcwalise umchamo wesihlabathi somfula noma ukhuni lomlotha (2-3 cm kuzoluthola). Qinisekisa ukuwaxuba nenhlabathi kuze kube lula;
- Ekugcineni, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezimbewu ziqinile.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Uma uthenga isikhwama sembewu, qaphela "iminyaka" yabo - ukuhluma okuhle kunikezwa yizinto eziqoqiwe ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule.
Uyazi? Ngo-1822, isixuku sezinkulungwane eziningi sabuthana enkantolo yedolobha eSalem, eNew Jersey. Isizathu sasiyi: phambi komphakathi omangalisayo, uColonel Robert Johnson wadla ibhakede lonke lamatamatisi, ngaleso sikhathi okwakubhekwa njengalutholakali. Okumangalisa ngababukeli, le nkathazo yasinda, futhi lokhu kwaba ukuqala "kokuvuselelwa" kwamatamatisi.
Okokuqala, bahlolisiswa ngokucophelela, belahla izinto ezilimazayo. Ukuze uqiniseke ngokwengeziwe, "ukuzihlanganisa" kungenziwa ukuhlolwa ngendlela elula. Imbewu yamaminithi angu-30-40 afakwa esitsheni esigcwele isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, futhi iqaphe ukusabela kwabo. Labo abaya ezansi, nakanjani kufanelekile izithombo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo bahlaselwe i-disinfected nge-permanganate.
Masinyane ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, indaba ekhethiwe ifakwe amahora angu-8 kuya ku-12 ekukhuliseni okukhethekile okukhula. Ngokuvamile kulezi zinhloso zisebenzisa izingoma ezinjalo:
- "Kornevin" (1 g we powder yanele 1 l of liquid);
- "I-Zircon" ngesilinganiso samaconsi angu-1-2 nge-300 ml amanzi;
- "Epin-extra". Amaconsi afanayo ahlanjululwa ku-100 ml amanzi.
Izisulu zokulungiselela utamatisi ziyoba: i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, izaqathe, iklabishi, i-dill ne-parsley.
Imbewu yokuhlwanyela: iphethini nokujula
Imbewu ephathwayo isetshenzisiwe kakade inhlabathi enezinyosi.
Ngesikhathi esizayo "uhlelo lwezindlovu" lunikeza isikhala esiphakathi kwembewu ka 2.5-3 cm. Kulezi ziqukathi ezinkulu kunconywa ukuba umelane nokuhlukaniswa kwemigqa ka 3-4 cm.
Ukujula kwezimbobo kuvela ku-1.5 kuya ku-2 cm. Emva kokutshala, imbewu ihlungwa ngokucophelela ngenhlabathi, futhi ilandelwa ngokushesha ngokuphuza okokuqala ngamanzi afudumele usebenzisa isipuni. Khona-ke isitsha sigcwele izembozo ezibonakalayo, ingilazi noma ifilimu (kuphela akufanele ithinte phansi).
Izimo zokuhluma
Amakhono anezithombo ngokushesha adluliselwa endaweni efudumele, eyomile. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, izinga lokushisa lizobe lihle kakhulu ngo-18-20 ° C. Konke lokhu, ifilimu ayidluli kangako (okuwukuphela kokukhipha ukuphuza).
Amahlumela ngokuvamile avela ngosuku lwama-7-10. Khona-ke ingubo isusiwe, futhi isitsha sidluliselwa endaweni enokushisa okuqhubekayo ka-15-17 ° C. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-6-7 zalezi "izithelo" ezibucayi zingabuyiselwa ekamelweni elinokushisa okujwayelekile kwendawo yokuhlala. 
Kubalulekile! Uma ugcina izithombo ngaphansi kwengilazi, qiniseka ukuthi ususa i-condensate eqoqiwe kusuka ezindongeni zesitsha noma ebhodweni.
Yiqiniso, izidingo eziyinhloko zalesi sikhathi zikhona ukukhanya okunamandla nokuphuza okuphakathi (amanzi afudumele, kodwa hhayi ashisayo).
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Iphelela ezinyathelo ezifanayo: ukuqinisekisa ukulinganisela kwamanzi, ukushisa nokukhanya.
Inhlabathi akufanele ikhuni, kodwa ukumanzisa kwe-substrate akuthandeki. Konke lokhu kudingekile ukuthi uphefute amanzi, kunokuba uwuthulule emfudlaneni oqondile (ophule umquba womhlaba futhi ahlanze imbewu).
Uyazi? Ngo-2003, uRob Baur watshala utamatisi esitokisini. I-hybrid eyabangela ibizwa ngokuthi i-tomacco.
Nakhu kubalulekile ukuba "ubambe" ibhalansi phakathi kokukhanya namanzi - uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele, khona-ke imvamisa yokuphuza iyokwehla.
Isihloko esihlukile siwukukhetha. Kuyenzeka ngemuva kokuba izithombo "zishaywe" amaqabunga amabili weqiniso. Yenziwe ngale ndlela:
- Izithombo zicubungulwa ngokucophelela nge-spatula mini ekhethekile. Ukuze ungalimazi isiqu, ubambe ngomlenze;
- lapho isitshalo sesivele sisuswe emhlabathini, sinciphisa ngokucophelela impande ephakathi ngezikhali, ushiye cishe u-2/3 we-rhizome yonke;
- emgodini "wokudlulisa", umthombo ongajulile wenziwa (cishe ezingeni lezinga lokukhula, elizwakala kancane ngaphezu kwempande). Lesi sitshalo singaba "sezulu" kanye no-4-5 mm ekujuleni kunalolu phuzu lokubhekisela;
- i-thinly ramming layer, ufafaza izithombo ngomhlaba;
- Ihlala isetshenziselwa ukuyidlulisela futhi isithuthele endaweni evulekile (izinsuku ezingu-2-3).
Ngemuva kokukhethwa, qhubeka uchelela ngokulinganisela. Ungenza futhi inani elincane lamaminerali omanyolo wezitamatisi. Bheka izithombo - uma amahlumela ephakeme noma ephukile, ungabondla nge-dose encane yama-nitrogenous agents (anomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kobukhulu obuhlaza).Ngaphambi kwalokhu, funda imiyalelo noma uthintane nomdayisi - "ukugubha" nakho kuyingozi.
Ukutshala izithombo endaweni enomphela
Kakade "ukulungiswa" utamatisi ukhula ngamandla futhi ujabule iso, futhi ikhalenda ikhumbuza ukuthi inyanga yokugcina yentwasahlobo iseduze nje kwekhoneni. Sekuyisikhathi sokulungiselela ukufika endaweni evulekile.
Imigomo yokufakelwa kabusha
Ukusheshisa kakhulu ngomsebenzi onjalo akufanelekile - kufanele ulinde kuze kube yingozi yokuthi ama-frost aphindaphindiwe aya ku-zero.
Kodwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokushisa zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni komhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokudlulisela emibhedeni evulekile kuyoba ukuphela kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni (ngisho nasezindaweni ezizungezile). 
Awukwazi ukulinda, ukutshala utamatisi kakade ekuqaleni noma phakathi kukaMeyi. Nakuba ezimweni ezinjalo, izithombo esiteshini, kuyadingeka ukumboza ifilimu.
Indlela elula kunabanikazi bezindleko ezinkulu, izithombo zokugcina ezifudumele - "indlovu" ingasuswa lapho ngo-Ephreli.
Uhlelo oluhle
Ukuphakama kwemifino yezithombo kuyaziwa kunoma ubani owake wahlangana nokutshala utamatisi - ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene "ezide," kuzodingeka ukumba i-cube ngamacala angaba ngu-20-25 cm.
Kubalulekile! Emgodini oqediwe, ungakwazi ukuthululela u-100 g womlotha noma amaqanda amaqanda achotshoziwe, anika impande nge-calcium.
Ngokuqondene nehlelo ngokwalo, lisho indawo engama-50 cm ne-interval phakathi kwamahlathi ka-40-45 cm. M ungabeka izithombo eziyi-2-3 (ezine kule "latka" ezoba eduze).
Izici ze-agrotechnics yokunakekelwa nokulima
Inqubo ekhulayo ihambisana kahle nephethini evamile yawo wonke utamatisi. Kodwa izinqubo eziningi zenziwa ngokucophelela, ngokucabangela izidingo zalo mkhakha.
Ukunisela nokukhipha
Izimpande ezikhulayo ezikhulayo kanye nokuningi okuluhlaza okweluhlaza kwakudingeka ukuchelela okuvamile nokuningi. Okokuqala kwenziwa kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngemuva kokuthi umhlabathi e-rhizome uvunyelwe kuphela. Amanzi afudumele kuphela asetshenziswayo. 
Ehlobo ungadinga izindlela ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlahla esisodwa "umthamo" - 10 l. Ngokuvamile kaningi ngamanzi ajwayelekile, kodwa kukhona inkohliso eyodwa ezogcizelela "okuqukethwe okushukela" okuqinile kwezithelo: ebhaketheni elingu-10 litre eligcwele amanzi, enye indebe yomlotha kanye no-1 tbsp. l usawoti. Ngaphansi kwezihlahla zenza ama-0.5 amalitha alezi zixazululo.
"Ukugxila" kulula kodwa kuyasebenza (nakuba kungcono ukwenqaba izithasiselo ezinjalo emanzini anosawoti aqinile). Ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, kungcono ukwengeza isilonda noma isisindo samakhemikhali esihleliwe emgqonyeni. Kule-10 l efanayo udinga ukuthatha i-1 l yeyodwa yalezi "zithako", kanti isitshalo sizophendula kahle kulokhu umswakama.
Uyazi? Njengoba beze eRussia ngekhulu le-18, utamatisi uhlwanyelwe iminyaka engamashumi amabili njengezitshalo ezihlobisa kuphela - izithelo nje azizange zivuthwe. Futhi kuphela ngokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokuvuthwa (ukubeka izithelo ezingavuthiwe ezindaweni ezihlomele ngokukhethekile ukuvuthwa) zaqala ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo.
Ukukhululeka emva kokunisela ngamunye kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande "zizoqhuma", okuzokwenza ngokushesha kuthinte ukukhula. Ngokhula isimo esifanayo - zisuswe masinyane, zingavumeli ukuba zikhule zibe ngamakhulu amakhulu.
Ukusekela nokubunjwa kwehlathi
Ukunakekela izihlahla ezide akunakucabangeki ngaphandle kwalezi zinto.
I-Pysynok isuswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokuyivumela ukuba ikhule ngaphezu kuka-2.5-3 cm. Amanxeba ashiywe esonus, ngaphezulu ngokushesha.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, isihlahla senziwa sibe isiqu esisodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-broshes 3-4 kanye neqabunga elikhuphuka ngaphezu kwephezulu lishiywe. Iphuzu lokukhula elingenhla likhonjiwe ngokucophelela. 
Abanye bakhula "izindlovu" ezihlahleni ezimbili. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ama-brushes angu-2-3 asele kuwo ngamunye, futhi iphuzu lokukhula likhonjiwe ngaphezu kwekhasi elenziwe ngemuva kokushayela okuphezulu.
Ibhande le-Garter
Njengoba zikhula, izihlahla ezinamatamatisi ezinzima zibophezelwe ekusekeleni.
Ekuqaleni, lezi zingaba izikhonkwane noma izinduku - izithombo zazo ezikhulayo ziyokwanela. Kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukushayela amashubhu bese udonsa ama-tapestries abe amazinga amaningana (ngokuvamile imigqa engu-3-4 ivunyelwe). 
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi ichitheka nge-copper sulphate noma i-potassium permanganate ekuhlungeni okubuthakathaka.
Kusukela maphakathi noJuni, ukuhlola nsuku zonke "isitshalo" kuyadingeka - isiqu asilayanga kuphela amagatsha, kodwa nezithelo ezinzima ezikhulayo. Uma kudingekile, i-garter iqhutshwa ngokushesha nge string string (wire hard kungaba ukulimaza amagatsha noma unamathele ezitsheni).
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngenkathi yonyaka inkathi 3-4 "izingxenye" zamanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali ziyasetshenziswa. Bangakwazi "ukusakazeka" ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kepha enye yokudla okunjalo kufanele iwele ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwe-ovary.
Khumbula ukuthi ngaphambi kokuchichima, kugcizelelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-nitrogen, kanti ngemuva kokubonakala kwe-ovari, i-superphosphate ne-magnesium sulfate zisetshenziswa. Umthamo uvame ukuboniswa emiyalweni.
Umphumela omuhle uhlinzekwa yi-application foliar nyangazonke ye-"organic" eyenziwe ngokwenziwe. Ukwenza isisombululo esinjalo kulula:
- Ku-1 litre lamanzi abilayo ungeziwe 1 indebe yomlotha.
- Khona-ke "ukuxuba" kuvunyelwe ukuma izinsuku ezimbili.
- Ingxube ihlungiwe futhi ihlanjululwa ngamanzi amancane.
- Sula iziqu namaqabunga. Kuhle uma inqubo yenziwa phakathi nenkathi yezimbali.
Ukuphambuka kusuka emaqenjini angenhla kanye nekhefu akufanelekile - izithelo zingase zingabikho okumnandi kakhulu.Sifunde ukuthi i-pink elephant line tomato iphawuleka kanjani; safunda izici zezamatamatisi amakhulu kanye nencazelo evamile yezinhlobonhlobo. Sithemba ukuthi le data izosiza abafundi bethu ukuthola isivuno esingakaze senziwe sale mifino emnandi. Impumelelo engadini! 
