Phakathi kwezindlela eziningi zokupheka zokucubungula ukudla ngaphambi kokupheka, isihloko esibucayi kunazo zonke yisandulela ngaphambi kokuphathwa kwezifo. Wonke umsizi womuntu okungenani kanye, kepha wazibuza: kufanele ahlanzwe nokuthi angabalungiselela kanjani ukugcina noma ukulungiselela izitsha ezahlukene. Izimpendulo zemibuzo yamanje mayelana nokucubungula okulungile kwamakhowe zingatholakala kumatheksthi athunyelwe.
Ukuxoshwa kwama-mushroom
Ama-champignon yi-genus yama-mushroom akhulile esikhungweni sezimboni ngokubaluleka okukhulu kwezomnotho. Ukuthola ukunambitheka okumnandi, lawa amakhowe ayatholakala kakhulu futhi atholakale kalula ezweni lethu.
Isigaba esidingekayo futhi esingenakuqhathaniswa emva kokuthengwa kwama-mushroom yisisombululo sabo sokuqala, okuyinto, phela, akubonakali konke. Ukugeza nokuhlanza kwamakhowe kuyisigaba esibalulekile esandulela ukwelashwa okushisayo okulandelayo, lapho ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi yesidlo esizayo kuxhomeke khona.
Ngidinga ukugoqa?
I-champignons iqukethe umswakama obuningi, kodwa, ngaphezu kwalokhu, isalokhu ijwayele ukuqoqwa kwayo. Ikhwalithi enjalo ikhombisa ukuthi akudingekile ukugeza nokucwilisa lolu hlobo lwamakhowe isikhathi eside. Umswakama ngokweqile emzimbeni we-fungus uthatha konke ukunambitheka kwawo futhi kunciphisa impilo yeshalofu.
Uyazi? Ukwelapha nge-ithawula yamaphepha kanye nokumiswa okwengeziwe kwamaminithi angu-15 kwithela elomile kuzosiza ukuqeda umswakama owedlule ngemuva "kwezinqubo zamanzi".
Kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi amakhowe amancane aqinile kakhulu futhi angasondeli ukunyuka kwamanzi, ngakho-ke amakhowe amancane namancane angesabi ukuwageza kahle - lokhu ngeke kuphazamise ukunambitheka kwabo futhi impilo yeshalofu ngeke iyancishiswa.
Amakhowe asetshenziselwa ukuhweba futhi athengwa ezitolo azizona ezinobuthi, kodwa, njenganoma yikuphi amanye amakhowe, ukudla "okunzima" komzimba womuntu. Kwezinye izimo zokusetshenziswa okungalawulwa, zingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sokugaya noma ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo emaphethelweni emathunjini.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokulima amakhowe ekhaya.
Ngokwehlukana, amakhowe asehlathini aqoqwe ngezandla zawo angabangela ingozi - esemncane angase adideke kalula ne-toadstool ephuzi. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngamakhowe kwifomu ekheniwe - izingozi ze-botulism poisoning, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka. 
Ngidinga ukuhlanza?
Ukuphendula umbuzo ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuhlanza amakhowe nhlobo, impendulo eqondile nguyebo.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni amaningi ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi "inyama yesibili" futhi iyimkhiqizo ebalulekile ekuqondeni kokudla okuluhlaza.
Ukuhlanza imifino kungenziwa ukwenza lezi zenzo:
- ukugeza ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo ukuze ususe ukungcola;
- ukwelapha okumanzi okumanzi;
- ukunciphisa ungqimba ophezulu wesikhumba ku-cap;
- buyekeza isaga emlenzeni;
- ukusika "ikhola";
- ukususwa kwamacwecwe amnyama omnyama ngaphansi kwe-cap;
- ukusika izindawo ezimnyama nezingcolile.
Izici nokuhlanza kahle kwamakhowe
Kuncike ekutheni ama-mushroom ayevunwa kanjani, izindlela zokuhlanza zingahluka.
Indlela yokuhlanza amakhowe ehlathini
Isigaba esibaluleke kakhulu ekuqoqweni kwamakhowe ukuhlanza kokuqala kwamakhowe kusuka otshani, amaqabunga, izinaliti, amagatsha amancane kanye nomhlabathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlunga ubukhulu bemakhowe kuzoba usizo, okuzokwenza kube lula ukwenza inqubo yokuhlanza elandelayo ekhaya.
Kubalulekile! Impilo yasolondolozi yama-mushroom amahlathi asanda kuqedwa akufanele kudlulele izinsuku ezingu-5, futhi kuthengwa esitolo kumele unikezwe ekwelashweni kokushisa emahoreni angu-24 okuqala ngemva kokuthenga.
Futhi, uma ithuba elinjalo litholakala, amakhowe angafakwa emaminithini angama-15 emanzini abandayo ngokufaka uketshezi oluningi ketshezi - lena indlela enhle kakhulu yokukhipha izinambuzane ezingafuneki nezinambuzane futhi kuzosiza ekususeni isihlabathi esiqongelekile, uthuli kanye nokuthungwa kwesikhumba. 
Indlela yokuhlanza ama-mushroom ekhaya
Ekhaya, inqubo yokuhlanza ayinamandla kakhulu, kodwa ukwazi ezinye zezici kuzokwenza lula futhi kusheshise le nqubo. Njengomthetho, izigulane ezithengiswa ezitolo zenze ukuhlanza kokuqala nokuhlunga futhi azikho izici ezikhethekile.
Amaxhaphozi asehlathini aqoqwe ngezandla azikwazi ukuziqhenya ngekhwalithi enjalo futhi adinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukuthatha isandulela ngculaza kunganciphisa ubuqotho bamakhowe. Akufanele unakekele ukuhlanza, kepha izeluleko ezilandelayo zizosiza ekuthuthukiseni isimo esibucayi.
Kuzokusiza ukuba ufunde ngamakhowe ezidliwayo futhi ezinobuthi, futhi ufunde ukuhlola amakhowe ukuze uqiniseke ngezindlela zomuntu.
Ukwandisa ubungako kanye "ne-juiciness" yama-mushroom, kumele afakwe emanzini afudumele amaminithi angu-15-20, bese esuswa. Ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezinjalo, zonke izakhiwo kufanele zihlanzwe ngokucophelela ngendwangu emanzi, izigaba kufanele zibuyekezwe.
Ividiyo: indlela yokuhlanza amakhowe
Ukuze uqedele lezi zinqubo zokugcoba ukugcoba okugcina isikhathi esifushane emanzini afudumele, emva kwalokho ungaqala ukupheka. Umswakama nobukhulu besikhunta esibucayi emva kwalokho izenzo ezinyuka kakhulu.
Izici zokuhlanzwa kwamakhowe amahlathi
Amaxhaphozi asehlathini adinga izenzo ezinjalo eziphoqelekile kumuntu:
- ukuhlanza owomile ngebhayisikili yokudla kusuka emanzini amancane. Kulokhu, noma yikuphi ukushayela okungeyona eqinile kuveza ukunyakaza okukhanyayo;
- ukusika ungqimba lwesikhumba esikhwameni se-mushroom ngommese omncane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isikhumba sinamathele ngommese ekugcineni kwekhanda futhi ngokunyakaza ngokucophelela sibheke phezulu;
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lysine ne-arginine ekubunjweni kwayo, izigulane zifaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi wezobuchopho futhi zinconywa ukuba zisetshenziswe njalo ngabantu abasebenza ngokusebenza okukhulu kwengqondo.
- ukusika "ikhola". Lesi senzo asiphoqelekile, kodwa uma isikhunta singumuntu omdala nomkhulu, kungcono ukusika ikhola. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukusika ingxenye yangaphakathi ebomvu kwesikhumba samakhowe kuyadingeka;
- buyekeza ukusika emlenzeni ngomese. Kulesi simo, umthetho wokusebenza wokusebenza osebenzayo usebenza: uma i-fungus igcinwa isikhathi eside, ingxenye enkulu yomzimba kumele inqunywe;
- ukusika izindawo ezimnyama nezinto eziyingozi. Lesi senzo sinesibopho, njengoba kuphela ingxenye enempilo ye-fungus idliwa;
- shiya ngaphansi kompompi ngamanzi agijima, kulandelwa ngokumisa ithawula lephepha.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukusika isikhumba emhlathini we-mushroom we-champignon nakanjani. Lokhu kungenxa yekhono le-fungus ukuqoqa ama-radionuclides nezinsimbi ezisindayo zensimbi ezinhlakeni ezingaphezulu zomzimba.
Izici zokuhlanza amakhowe esitolo
Thenga amakhowe kakade asetshenziswe ngaphambilini ngaphambi kokudayiswa futhi akudingi ukuzikhandla okukhulu, zonke izenzo zomuntu ohlala kuzo ziyancishiswa:
- Hlanganisa amakhowe kancane. Lesi senzo singashintshwa ngokuphatha umzimba wefungus ngendwangu ebomvu;
- unqume ungqimba ophezulu wesikhumba uma i-fungus idala noma inkulu;
- ususe wonke amaphutha emzimbeni wefungus;
- buyekeza ucezu obumnyama.
Sikululeka ukuthi ufunde ngezinzuzo ezizuzisayo zamakhowe: amhlophe, ama-mushroom, ama-reishi, ama-mushroom ama-boletus, ama-cheeses, ama-toadstools, ama-boletus, ama-shiitake nama-mushroom amakhowe.
Ingabe njalo udinga ukugeza amakhowe ngaphambi kokupheka noma ukugcina
Uma usuqedile ukuhlanza nokulungiswa kokuqala, izindlela ezahlukene zokulungiselela zidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zezenzo kusuka "opheka". Izindlela ngayinye zinezici zayo, okudingeka ziqondwe kancane.
Ngaphambi kokuma
Ngaphambi kokumisa, hlambulula amakhowe ngebhayisikili nendwangu emanzi. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza izigaba bese ususa konke ukungapheleli emzimbeni wefungus.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukugeza ama-mushroom ngaphambi kokomisa, ngaphandle kwalokho bazokwenza ubumnyama futhi bephuze inqubo yokumisa.
Ngaphambi kokuthosa
Ukulungiselela ama-mushroom ngaphambi kokukhathala kuncishiswa kuphela ekuhlanzeni izindawo zokushayela ngendwangu kanye nendwangu ebomvu, ukusika zonke iziphambeko nokubuyekeza ukusikeka. Akudingekile ukuthi ugeze amakhowe ngaphambi kokuthosiza; kulokhu, ngenkathi yokupheka, bathola i-crust enhle futhi baphumele. 
Ngaphambi kokupheka
Naphezu kokwelashwa okushisayo okwalandela emanzini abilayo, amakhowe kufanele aqhubeke ehlanjululwe kahle ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo, ngaleyo ndlela asuse uthuli okweqile nendawo yokungcola, futhi avuselele ukusika emlenzeni. Kulokhu, konke ukungapheleli kungashiywa, ngeke kubonakale efomini elungiselelwe.
Ngaphambi kokubhaka
Ngaphambi kokubhaka, inqubo yesikhashana "yamanzi" yamakhowe avunyelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, esitsheni ngamanzi, engeza 1-2 tbsp. l ufulawa - luzoba uhlobo oluthi "ukuphuza" futhi luzosiza ngokuhlanza ukuhlanza izindawo ezikhona zamakhowe. Njengomthetho, ama-caps amakhulu amakhulu kuphela asetshenziselwa ukubhaka.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokukhamba, ukomisa, u-salting nama-mushroom amaqanda.
Ubukhulu obukhulu bama-caps bubonisa ukusika okusemthethweni kwengqimba ephezulu yesikhumba njengendlela yokutholwa ngaphambili, ngaphandle kwalokho zizophuma zikhuni ngemva kokubhaka. Ngaphambi kokubhaka, ukukhishwa okuphelele kwemilenze kanye nengxenye yangaphakathi yama-caps ngamapuleti ensundu kumakhowe nakho kucatshangwa.
Ividiyo: indlela yokuhlanza ama-mushroom
Ngaphambi kweqhwa
Amakhowe amasha kuphela engenamaphutha noma ukungapheleli afanele ukugcina efrijini. Ukulungiselela isitoreji kuhilela ukuxubha owomile nokusula ngendwangu emanzi.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukuba uncibilike ngokuphelele ama-mushroom ngaphambi kokupheka, ngoba ekusebenziseni ukuhlukumeza kungase kube mnyama futhi kulahlekelwe ukubukeka kwawo.
Le ndlela kwezinye izimo ihlanganisa nokusika kwangaphambili. Ngaphambi kokuqhwaza, amakhowe alungisiwe kufanele afafazwe ngejamu kalamula futhi ahlanganiswe ngokudla ifilimu yokudla.
Sincoma ukufunda mayelana nobuchwepheshe obufanele bama-mushroom amaqanda, ama-oyster amakhowe, ama-ceps, uju agaric.
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza
Ukucubungula amakhowe ekudleni okuluhlaza, njengenye yezithako zeladidi, kuhilela ukuhlanza ngokuphelele umkhuhlane kanye nokomisa okulandelayo bese usika zonke iziphambeko. 
Futhi, njengokwenyuka kokunye, ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amakhowe aluhlaza, angabekwa kuhhavini elifudumele imizuzwana embalwa. I-Champignons - amakhowe athengwa kakhulu, athandwayo futhi aphephile.
Ukucubungula okulungile kuzokusiza ukulondoloza konke ukunambitheka nokuphila kwelanga. Ngokuya endleleni yokuvuna, ukulungiswa kwamakhowe kungase kuhluke kancane, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo ezinjalo, ukushisa nobukhulu bemifula nakho kuthinta ukucubungula. Kunoma yikuphi, inqubo ngokwayo ayinzima futhi ide.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi
