Ukuhlakulela amazambane kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokulima ingadi. Umvuzo oyinhloko womsebenzi onjalo olula yizambane ezihlwabusayo, ezinamanzi, ezinkulu, ezithandwa izitsha. Akuyona imfihlo kunoma ubani ukuthi endaweni yethu le mifino, emva kokuthandwa kokusetshenziswa kokudla, cishe isilingana nesinkwa. Kodwa, niyabona, akulula kakhulu ukukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezambane. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene ezingenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni, ungesabi ukuhlaselwa kwezifo nezinambuzane, kuzozizwa kahle ezimweni ezibukhali obukhulu bokushisa. Amazambane ahlukahlukene we-Sante - afanelana kahle nale ncazelo kuzo zonke izici.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
I-Sante ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezithembisayo zamazambane aphakathi kokuqala, okubhekene namazinga alula wokuhlakulela agrotechnical. Amasiko yilowo omele ukhiqiza inkampani yaseDutch "Agrico". Kuncike ekutheni inqubo yokutshala nokunakekelwa, zonke izinkomba nezincomo zaqashelwa, isiko sizokubonga ngomkhiqizo walo ophezulu kanye nezitsha ezibabayo zamazambane.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko zencazelo yezinhlobo zamazambane ezibizwa ngokuthi "Sante" yi-compactness yezihlahla ezimile neziphansi. Izitshalo zenkambiso zigcwele amahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuphambene nezimbali ezimhlophe, ezihlangene e-corolla. Ungaqala ukuvuna izinsuku ezingu-80-90 ngemva kokutshala. Kubalulekile! Kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa lendawo etshalweyo ungathola amathani ama-27 kuya kuma-50 amazambane amahle kakhulu. I-tonnage ixhomeke ekuqineni kwenhlangano yezinqubo ze-agrotechnical kanye nezimo zezulu lapho amazambane ahlakulwa khona.
Izici nokunambitha
Uma sikhuluma ngezici zezithelo zamazambane ama-sante, khona-ke zihlukaniswa nomumo ovalwe ngama-oblong. Umbala ophuzi wekhasi unamaconsi ngamehlo amancane. Umbala ofanayo we-pulp isithelo, ohlala endaweni yayo kuphela 10-14% isitashi. Ifomu lamazambane luhlobo lwe-application yobuhle, okwenza kube lula ukuvuna ukusebenzisa. Ngokuqondene negoli ngokwayo, livikela ngokuphelele izithelo emiphumeleni engathandeki yemvelo futhi inomthelela ekugcineni isitoreji sesitshalo. Le amazambane umkhiqizo omuhle wokupheka amafries akho azintandokazi aseFrance nama-chips, okuchazwa yi-content isitashi esincane sezithelo kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kwama-potato Sante.
Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamazambane ziyizinhlobo: "Ilinsky", "Veneta", "Rocco", "Irbitsky", "Gala", "Bluishna" ne "Cherry".Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyisisekelo esihle sama-casseroles yemifino. I-Sante enezintambo - ukudla okunomsoco, ukunambitheka okuyinto ongayigwinya ulimi. Uma umndeni wakho uphahlama ngamazambane othosiwe nge-crust golden, ke awukwazi ukuthola okungafani kangcono kwesidlo esinjalo. Kodwa-ke, cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza amazambane ahlambulukile ngalawa mazambane, konke okuphathelene nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwesitashi. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziselwa kakhulu embonini yokudla, ikakhulukazi ekulungiseleleni imikhiqizo esiphelile, izobho zemifino, imifino ehlukahlukene yemifino. Inzuzo enhle yezinhlobonhlobo yiqiniso lokuthi uma amazambane abilayo angabi mnyama futhi aqhume, ngoba aqukethe inani eliphakeme lomswakama, kodwa izithelo azilomile kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhle, ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene embonini yokudla, amazambane sele athandwa kakhulu kangangokuthi amamyuziyamu avuliwe emhlabeni wonke futhi abuye aqinise izikhumbuzo ngokuhlonipha.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Njenganoma imuphi umkhiqizo, amazambane uSante unezinzuzo zayo kanye nokuqeda.
Ngokwesiko, ake siqale ngezinzuzo:
- Amazambane ahluke ngobukhulu obukhulu futhi isisindo sika 100-150 g;
- amehlo omuthi wezithelo ayaphazamisi ukubukeka kwawo nesakhiwo;
- i-peel isebenza njengesivikelo esingokwethenjelwa samazambane kusuka ekulimaleni komshini;
- amaphesenti aphansi e-starch;
- ingubo yokuhweba enhle nokuphepha okuphezulu;
- unikeza ukumelana okuqinile ekuhlaselweni kwezifo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezinamandla zamazambane nezinambuzane;
- okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini (C, B) namaminerali.
Uyazi? Imifino yokuqala eyayijwayele futhi yakhula isikhala yayiyizambatho.
I-Agrotechnology
Ukuze kufinyelele isivuno esihle samazambane, umuntu kufanele agcine imigomo ethile ye-agrotechnical yokulima isivuno:
- Njalo eminyakeni emi-5-6 ukuvuselela imbewu.
- Isayithi lokutshala likhethiwe kahle, livuthwe, ligcwele futhi ligcwele umoya-mpilo.
- Ukulungiselela indawo yokutshala amazambane kufanele uqale ekwindla. Ekwindla, kufanele iguqulwe ngokujulile futhi ifakwe umanyolo nge nitrogen. Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi yamazambane idinga ukukhululwa futhi ukhula lukhishiwe. Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka ukuba ukhule umhlabathi ngama-humus, kufanele kube njalo ku-recess ukuze uthole imbewu.
- Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukutshala kuphela emva kokuba izinga lokushisa lihlale lihlala liqinile ngo-8 ° C nangaphezulu, kodwa akukho lutho oluphansi, njengoba kubanda kunomphumela omubi empilweni yezithombo. Kulo lokushisa, umhlaba uyakwazi ukufudumala kuze kube ngu-10 cm ebalulekile ukutshala. Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuphela kuka-Ephreli.
- Ukujula komgodi wokutshala kufanele kube ngu-10 cm. Izilimo eziyizigaxa kumele zibekwe kude no-35 cm komunye nomunye; ibanga elingama-60 cm kufanele ligcinwe phakathi kwemigqa.
- I-Sante ayibekezelele umswakama owedlulele, ngakho-ke okuhlukahlukene kufanele kuvikelwe kusuka kwamanzi. Kumele futhi uvikele isiko ekumeni ngesikhathi sokuhluma kanye nezimbali, uma kunesidingo ukuthi kunconywa ukuthi kuphuziswa.
- Ngemuva kokutshala isayithi kumele kube yilabo abazongena.
- Ukuze uvikele umkhiqizo wezambane ukhula, kufanele uphathwe nge-herbicide ("Bast", "Glifors", "Roundup"). Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kanye nezifo kufanele kuhlelwe ngosizo lwezinambuzane ("Prestige", "Maxim", "Cruiser").
Kubalulekile! Njengoba izandulela zamazambane kufanele zikhethwe i-legumes, i-phacelia, iklabishi, noma isithombo.
Ukunakekela
Ukunakekela amazambane uSante kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuhlela kahle inqubo yokuphuza, ukuphakama nokudla.
Ukunisela
Kwakukhulunywa kakade ukuthi ezihlukahlukene azibekezeli umswakama owedlulele. Izwe lokutshala kufanele likhishwe kahle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isiko kufanele sivikelwe ekumeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluma kanye nokusila. Kulezi zigaba zokukhula, kudinga ukuchelela okunamandla, okumele kumiswe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa ukuze kuvikelwe isithelo ukubola.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze unakekele ukuzala kwenhlabathi yamazambane, udinga ukuqala ekwindla, lapho ukumba umhlabathi kuhlanganiswa ne-nitrogen. Ukutshala izinto zembewu kwenziwa kuphela emithonjeni, ehlanganiswa nama-humus. Ngaphambi kokweqa, yenza esinye isiko lokutshala izimpande.
Kubalulekile! I-best fertilizer umanyolo yi-ash noma inkukhu yomquba (umthombo we-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, i-potassium) ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ku-1: 2 isilinganiso. Ngamahektha angu-0.1 okumele asebenzise imali kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-10 amalitha yesisombululo sezakhi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kunconywa ukuthi kufeze izigaba ezintathu: ngesikhathi sokuhluma, ukuqhuma kanye nezimbali. Ukudla izitshalo ezenyukayo kuphela, yizinyoni zezinyoni ezisetshenziswayo; isiko esidlulile esigabeni sokuhluma sitholwa ngesisombululo somlotha (1 indebe), 2st. l i-potassium sulfate namanzi (10l). Izitshalo zezimbali ziyakudinga ukugqoka okuphezulu, ziyalulekwa ukuba zikhule ngamakhulu amabili we-tbsp. i-superphosphate ne-glass mullein ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Isihlahla ngasinye sidinga ama-0.5 amalitha ale thuluzi.Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvuna ama-potato Sante kuvunwa ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 emva kokutshala. Uma uhlehlisa ukuvuna, amazambane angashaywa ngokubola. Kubalulekile ukugcina izithelo emakamelweni apholile lapho iqhwa lingenakukwazi khona ebusika, njengoba iqhwa lilimaza kakhulu amazambane. Igumbi kufanele livikelwe ekukhanyeni, okubaluleke kakhulu.
Uyazi? Uma kutholakale ukukhanya, amazambane aphendukile futhi abe yingozi, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kungaholela ekudleni kokudla. Ngokusetshenziswa kwamazambane anjalo kunemuva kokuhamba okubabayo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo ukuphikiswa kwesifo. Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi indlela yokutshala ama-mbatata ahlukahlukene kungaba yimuphi, okungahambisani nokuhlaselwa kwezihlukumezi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuqondene noSante, ubhekene nezifo ezihlukumezayo kakhulu: umdlavuza, isikhumba, izifo ezibangelwa i-fungal, i-cyst nematode, ama-virus omzimba kagwayi, ukuphikisana nokugubha kwamaqabunga. Izinga lokumelana nezinhlobonhlobo ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kwesimiso esibucayi kanye ne-rhizoctonia kuguquguquka, ngakho-ke akusizi isiko ukuzivikela. Ukuze kuvikelwe nokulawulwa kwezifo, iTaran, Konfidor-Extra, Fitosporin-M, ne-Alirin-B zisetshenziswa.
Izinambuzane zendabuko ezidla izitshalo zamazambane ziyi-Colorado beetles. Lahla izivakashi ezingafuneki, zisiza izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi i- "Konfidor-Maxi", "Dantop", "Prestige". Njengoba ubona, inkinga ngokukhetha izinhlobo zamazambane ixazululwe. Udinga i-Sante yamazambane, okuyikhwalithi ehlukaniswa yizivuno eziphakeme (amazambane angama-20 avunwa esihlahleni esisodwa), ukunakekelwa okungenakuzithoba, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
