Izihlahla zeConiferous kuzo zonke izinkathi zingahlobisa noma yiliphi igceke, i-cottage, ipaki. Ngenxa yobuhle bazo futhi hhayi ukungazi kahle, bayathandwa kokubili phakathi kwabanikazi bamagceke angasese, naphakathi kwabantu abasebenza ngobuciko emklamo wezwe. Enye yezidakamizwa ezingavamile nezikhangayo i-larch (lat. Larix) - umuthi onamandla (kufika ku-35-40 m ukuphakama) kusuka emndenini wepine. Ukungajwayelekile kwalokhu ubuhle be-taiga kusezinaliti ezinamathele eziphansi, okuyinto, ngokungafani nabanye, lesi sitshalo siwela ngaphambi kobusika. Ekwindla, izihlahla ziphuzi noma ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngakho-ke, i-larch akuyona isitshalo se-coniferous esihlala njalo.
I-genus yama-larches inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ezikhula ezintabeni nasezinhlathini zeNyakatho Hemisphere. Kungenxa yezitshalo-eside-livers - ihlala iminyaka engu-500 noma ngaphezulu. 
Ngenxa yamandla ayo, ukuqina nokumelana nokubola, izinkuni zezihlahla zinenani elikhulu, lisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zangaphansi kwamanzi, ukwakhiwa kwephabethe kanye nefenisha. Kusukela ezinaleni ze-larch thola amafutha abalulekile. I-resin ewusizo ikhishwa emagqabeni. Ngemva kokuchaza izimfanelo ezikhangayo ze-larch, abaningi bayofuna ukutshala egcekeni labo, phambi kwendlu, ezweni noma embhede. Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana nezici zokutshala, ukukhula, ukunakekelwa nokusebenzisa ubuhle-larch kungatholakala kulesi sihloko.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo ezimbili zezilwanyana zivikelwe izitshalo: i-Polish ne-Olgin.
Yini okufanele ubuke lapho uthenga izithombo
Indlela yokukhulisa i-larch? Kunezindlela ezimbili - ama-saplings noma imbewu. Izithombo zidinga ukukhetha iminyaka emibili kuya kwemibili. Kungcono ukuthenga izitshalo ezitsheni. Uma uthenga, qaphela amathiphu ezinaliti - akufanele abe omile. Amagatsha kufanele akhothamele futhi angaphetheli ezinhlangothini.
Kubalulekile! Lapho uthenga isiteji, ungahambi ezitolo ezithengwayo ezithengiswayo, kodwa e-nursery noma e-horticultural centre. Ngakho uzoba nesiqinisekiso esifanele sokuthenga isithombo sempilo enempilo enhle futhi ungaphonsa imali kude.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi ukuthenga izithombo ze-larch kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukuhlwanyela ngembewu, ekhishwa ngokuzimela ezigumbini ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba noma ezithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele zigcinwe esikhwameni sephepha. Imbewu yokuhluma igcina iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
Kuyadingeka ukuba usondele ekukhethweni kwendawo yokutshala i-larch ngenomthwalo ogcwele, ngoba umuthi unqabe ukukhula emthunzini. Ngoba kuyadingeka ukhethe ikhoneni elikhanyayo.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo ezilodwa kuphela ze-larch zingakhula ekukhanyeni kwe-shading - Japanese.
Uma uphupha ukutshala lobu buhle, kodwa kuleli zwe alikho indawo yokutshala okunjalo futhi okuhlumayo, ungakha umuthi omncane ngokwakho ngokusika izihlahla. Ngenhlanhla, i-larch ibekezelela le nqubo kahle futhi ibuyiselwe ngokushesha kakhulu emva kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi uhlele lesi sikhwama, kufanele ufune ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungayinqamula kanjani futhi, mhlawumbe, ukuze ujwayele ubuciko bhonsai. Futhi ukutshala, ungathatha izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zamasayizi amancane. Larch idinga ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Ngakho ayihambisani nenhlabathi e-acidi, ngakho-ke, uma isakhiwo esilungiselelwe ukuba sibe yi-acidic umhlaba, kufanele sigwetshwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngenkinga, umuthi uthatha izimpande emhlabathini ompofu futhi onesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke kube okungenakuqaphela ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lwe-larch alubekezelelisi okwenzeka eduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze isihlahla sihlale ngokushesha futhi siphumelele, kufanele sitshalwe enhlabathini egcwele kahle ecebile kumanus. I-Larch ibekezelela izimo zomuzi kahle, ngakho-ke ingatshalwa emapaki amadolobha, izikwele, namagceke. Ukumelana kakhulu neqhwa.
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlala
Uma uhlela ukutshala isithombo, kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuwa, ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga, noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi ishisa kancane. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo ezweni elifudumele, lapho sekuvele utshani kuso.
Amathiphu okufika
Ukutshala izithombo ngaphambi kokulungisa imbobo ngobukhulu be 50 ngo 50 cm. Uma umuthi utshalwe esitsheni, umgodi kufanele ube kabili ububanzi futhi ujule kunesiqukathi. Lesi sitshalo sihlelwe kahle, sizama ukulimaza i-clod yomhlaba ngesistimu yezimpande. Ukulala okuphezulu ngenhlanganisela yomhlaba we-sod ne-peat ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, intamo impande kufanele ihlale phezu. Uma inhlabathi isindayo, isanti (ingxenye eyodwa) ingafakwa engxenyeni, futhi amanzi kufanele afakwe ngaphansi komgodi wokutshala. Emva kokutshala, umuthi uphuziswa kakhulu, usebenzisa okungenani ibhakede lamanzi. Kungenzeka ukwenza umquba noma i-humus. Ukutshala okuncane kufanele kugcinwe ilanga eliqondile kanye nesimo sezulu esibanda.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukutshala izithombo ze-larch kudingeka ziqaphele futhi zingathinti amahlumela e-apical. Ngisho nokuthinta okulula kungalimaza isihlahla - kuholele ekuvaleni kwawo, okuzohlala ku-conifer yokuphila.
Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi kunqubo yokutshala imbewu. Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, imbewu ye-larch kufanele ihlungwe (noma kunjalo, le nqubo ingakhetha). Ukuze wenze lokhu, inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, zifake emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa amahora angu-48. Okulandelayo, udinga ukufeza ukukhwabanisa kwabo: susa imbewu evelele. Ngemuva kwalokho, kunoma yisiphi isitsha kumele kuhlanganiswe nesihlabathi esiswakanyisiwe (1: 3) bese ufakwa esiqandisini, eshalofini elingezansi, ukulungisa izinga lokushisa kusuka ku-0 kuya ku -5 ° ะก. Ubude be-stratification yizinsuku ezingu-20-30.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Imbewu ifinyelela enhlabathini ngo-0.5-1 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa liyi 10-12 cm Kusukela ngenhla, imbewu ifafazwe ngesihlabathi kanye ne-peat substrate (3: 1). Izitshalo zemifino. Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela avele, ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, ungqimba lwesimonchisi ususwe. Ukunakekela izithombo ze-larch kuhilela ukuchelela njalo, ukwelashwa nge-fungicides ngokumelene nezifo kanye nezilokazane ze-conifers, ukunciphisa nokusipha. Lapho izitshalo ezincane zifinyelela eminyakeni emibili ubudala, zifakelwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
I-Larch ibekezelela ukutshala okunzima nokude. Kodwa-ke, uma iqala izimpande, kuyojabulisa ngokukhula okusheshayo - kusuka ku-1.5 ukuya ku-3.5 cm ngonyaka ngeminyaka yokuqala engu-20. Eminyakeni emine kuya kwemihlanu, kufinyelela ku-1.5m ubude. Lapho uneminyaka eyi-10, ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhula kahle, iqala ukuthela izithelo.
Ukunakekela nokulimala kwe-larch
I-Larch ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi lapho ikhula. Ngokuyinhloko, njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, kuzomele ziphuze njalo, zithukulule inhlabathi embuthaneni ozungeza isiqu, ukhulule ukhula oluzungezile, ubondle ngezakhi zomzimba futhi uqede uma kunesidingo.
Ukunisela, ukusiphawula nokukhipha inhlabathi
I-Larch inesici esinjalo njengokungahambisani kwesomiso. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala izitshalo ezincane (kuze kube yiminyaka emibili), kanye nezibonelo ezindala phakathi nesikhathi esomile, kumele kube yimpoqo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okungenani - amalitha angu-20 ngomuthi owodwa ovuthiwe kanye noma kabili ngesonto.
Uyazi? I-Larch Kunconywa ukuba iphuze ngamanzi, eyayisetshenziselwa ukugeza amakhowe.
Mayelana nokukhulula nokusilalisa, intsha kuphela iyayidinga. Izitshalo abadala zingenza ngaphandle kwalendlela. Ukuze wenze ezinye izinhlobo ze-coniferous ubuhle zikhangele, amagatsha awo anganqunywa, ahlinzeke amafomu ezithakazelisayo emikhoneni (ama-openwork hedges, imiqhele, amabhola, njll) futhi abambe ukukhula. Izimbambo ezincane kuphela zihlungwa.
Umanyolo
Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, ngoMeyi, isitshalo esincane singasungulwa ngomanyolo obunzima - i-Kemira Universal (i-20 g / 1 sq. M) izosondela noma i-feedings equkethe i-potassium ne-magnesium. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zokuhlobisa izinaliti, umqhele uchithelwa ngamanzi okuhambisa amanzi ngekhambi le-urea (10 g / 10 l amanzi). Esikhathini esizayo, unyaka ngamunye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokukhula kwamahlumela, ukusebenzisa umquba womanyolo.
Ukuhlangana komhlabathi
Inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngendwangu ka-5-6 cm ngokushesha emva kokutshala, usebenzisa utshani, i-peat, i-sawdust, i-pinine izinaliti. Ngisho nezinhlanzi ezinzima kakhulu zokushisa ezithandwa kakhulu zibekezelela kahle futhi azidingi izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokulungisa amakhaza. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo ezincane, ikakhulukazi esihlahleni, kungcono ukugoqa isaka. Ezinye izilwane nazo zizodinga i-garter yamagatsha ukuze zingaphuli ngaphansi kwesisindo sekhava leqhwa.
Larch ku-trunk naku-design landscape
I-Larch isetshenziselwa kabanzi ku-design landscape. Ngenxa yokuthi ayimelwe kuphela izihlahla ezinkulu, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ezincane, indawo yayo yesicelo inkulu kakhulu. It etshalwe eqenjini kanye soliternyh plantings, njengoba izindonga, ezitaladini rocky kanye namadayimani rock. Isihlahla sibekezelela indawo kanye nezinye izitshalo. Abalingani abangcono kakhulu kuwo bangase babe ama-conifers, ama-rhododendron, i-linden, i-birch, i-maple, i-ash ash, imjunipha, i-viburnum, i-barberry.
I-compact larch ku-trunk inhle futhi ayijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile ukulima ngale ndlela usebenzisa izinhlobo ze-European larch Kornik, Repens, Japanese: Blue Dwarf, Stiff Weeper. Bangaba nezinhlobonhlobo zemikhosi: ukukhala, izinwabuzelayo, ngendlela yemilenze, kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene yezinaliti: oluhlaza okomnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kakhulu kakhulu izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zibheke eduze nezindawo zokuphumula, ematsheni, emnyango wezakhiwo, emagqumeni ase-alpine, izindonga ezivulekile.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezintambo ezincane (isibonelo, i-Wolterdingen), ezikuhle kakhulu zokutshala ezigulini futhi zathola ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni izitimu zaseJapane.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-larch, izindlela zokubhekana nazo
Njengawo wonke ama-conifers, i-larch inezinamba zezitha ezinjengezinambuzane, isikhunta namabhaktheriya. Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu esihlahleni ngumdlavuza wesibeletho, okuthinta amahlamvu kanye nesiqu. Bakha izindawo ezicwebezelayo ezicwebezelayo, ukuphahlaza kuvela ku-cortex, negazi lokugaya. Abantu abasengozini kakhulu yalesi sifo yizitshalo ezivela eminyakeni engu-3 kuya kwengu-40 ubudala, izinhlobo ze-Europe nezaseSiberia. 
Izithombo zingabamba inhlanzi. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi nembewu yezinhlamvu ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, amalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi, "Fundazole" isetshenziswa. Lithinta i-larch ne-shyutte. Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingamabala abomvu kumaqabunga, izinaliti ngoMeyi. Kamuva, izinaliti ziphenduka ophuzi bese ziwa. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo besebenzisa i-spring spring "Zinebom" Bordeaux liquid, isixazululo se-sulfur colloidal.
Against tinder, izimpande isiponji esetshenziswa ukwelashwa "Nitrofen", sulphate ithusi. Phakathi kwezinambuzane, i-moth enundu, enezimbungu ezondla izinaliti, ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kumphumela wokuhlobisa we-larch. Ukuze uziqothule, sebenzisa ukwelashwa nezinambuzane. Amagatsha abathintekile asuswe.
Izinaliti ze-Pine nazo zilimazwa yizigqoko ezinamaqabunga ezinamaqabunga, ama-spider amabhantshi ahlukumezayo. Ijusi yesitshalo londla ama-aphid aluhlaza nama-herme aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinaliti ziba ziphuzi futhi zigobile. Ama-insecticide, ikakhulukazi eFozalon, eClorofos, asetshenziselwa ukulwa.
Futhi, lesi sihlahla sinamandla okuhlaselwa kwezibungu ze-coniferous. Amagxolo nomqhele abonakaliswe amagxolo amabhungane, ama-barb, nezibhungane. Ukulwa nabo ngokuphumelelayo kwentwasahlobo yokupompela "Karbofos", "Nitrofen". Ama-cones kanye nembewu badla izibungu ze-moth enesibindi. Lapha ama-infusions nezinhlayiya zezitshalo ezinambuzane zingasiza. Larch - isihlahla esinomlingiswa, noma kunjalo, uma ukwanelisa zonke izidingo zalo, kuzokuhlala isikhathi eside sicela uzenzele umqhele omuhle kakhulu wamaqabunga amancane, izinaliti ezingenakuphulwa.
