Amazambane, ngokucabangela izici eziphilayo zokukhula kwawo, atholakala kakhulu ekuthandeni kwezifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal, okuyinto engozini enkulu kunazo zonke ukulimala okuphuzile. Imithi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi "i-fungicides" iyabizwa ukunqoba le nhlekelele; Ezinye zazo zenzelwe ngqo amazambane. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngomunye walawa mathuluzi, okuthiwa "uShirlan" futhi usuvele wakwazi ukuthola idumela elihle.
Isithako esebenzayo kanye nefomu lokulungiselela
Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo salesi sidakamizwa ngu-fluazinam; ngaphandle kwalo, ukwakheka kufaka phakathi izinto ezikhuthaza ukungena kwegumbi eliyinhloko esitshalweni. Uhlu lwazo luboniswa kwisichazamazwi ngaphambi kokuyalelwa kwe-fungicide. Ukuhlushwa kwe-fluazinam emalungiselelweni kaShirlan ngu-0.5 g / ml.
Uyazi? I-fungus ebangela ukulimala okwesikhashana kulezi zitshalo yathuthela eYurophu evela eMelika kuphela phakathi Ikhulu le-XIX, ngaphambili amazambane ngokuphumelelayo futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yatshalwe abalimi baseYurophu nabalimi.
Isidakamizwa sisatshalaliswa ngesimo sokugxila kokumiswa, okuyisisombululo se-colloidal, ngokusho kwemingcele yangaphandle, okubonakala kubuningi obukhulu. Akunconywa ukuthi asebenzise lesi sidakamizwa kuleli fomu, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa kuyadingeka ukulungisa isisombululo sokusebenza ngokulandela imiyalelo enamathiselwe. 
Izinzuzo
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zaleli fungicide okubaluleke kunazo zonke yizinto ezilandelayo:
- ukwelashwa nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa ngeke kulimaze isiko lakho, ngoba lesi sidakamizwa asikho isimemezelo sokuthi i-phytotoxicity;
- uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amafayicides anezimiso zokuxhumana ezithintekayo, unomthelela owengeziwe uma usebenzisa imithi encane;
- isimo sokungahambisani nezidakamizwa zanamuhla ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa nokuvinjelwa kwezifo zamazambane azitholakali;
- unesibonakaliso esihle sokumelana kwamanzi kanye nesikhathi eside ngokwanele sokumelana nezifo ezikhuthele;
- kusiza ukumisa i-sporulation, ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezithuthi ze-zoosporangi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunomthelela wokunciphisa ama-zoospores, kokubili ngaphakathi kwesitshalo nasemhlabathini, lapho kuqhutshwa ukuphikisana phakathi kwama-capillari efakwa emhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela kudala umgoqo owenziwe ngezinhlamvu emhlabathini futhi ngokunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka kwezitshalo ezincane.
Indlela yokusebenza
Uma usebenzisa i-Shirlan fungicide kumazambane, isisindo sayo esisebenza ngokushesha ngokushesha singena emangqamuzaneni esitshalo nasemhlabathini, emva kwalokho iqala ukuvimbela izinqubo ze-sporulation, ukukhula kwe-apressoria, nokuthuthukiswa kwe-hyphae yezinambuzane ezincane ze-pathogenic.
Lezi fungicides ezilandelayo zizokufanelana nokucubungula amazambane: i-Ridomil Gold, i-Ordan, i-Skor, i-Acrobat MC, i-Quadris, i-Titus, i- Antrakol, i-Tanos, i-Fitosporin-M, i-Alirin B "," ubukhosi "," uFitolavin ".
Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo sokusebenza
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwesisombululo esisetshenziselwa ukufuthola imfucuza, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukusebenza komshini wokufafaza kanye nokuhlanzeka kwethiphu, isisombululo sokuqhuba amapayipi kanye ne-tank lapho kuyofakwa khona into. 
Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukunquma inani lemithombo yamanzi, kanye nokuthi ngabe amanzi anikezwa yini nge-tip isifaniso, futhi uqhathanise idatha etholakalayo ngokubala izindleko ezilinganisiwe zesisombululo sokusebenza ngehektare ngalinye.
Uyazi? I-simple in chemical chemical fungicide is sulfur evamile kanye neziqephu zayo, kanye nosawoti wezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene.
Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo kufanele kuqale ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuqala kwenqubo. ¾ I-tank kufanele igcwaliswe ngamanzi, khona-ke inani elibalwe ngaphambilini lokumiswa kufanele lengezwe futhi inqubo yokwengeza amanzi ku-tank kufanele iqhutshwe ngenkathi ixuba okuqukethwe. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuqhubeka nokuxuba isixazululo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo ngqo, ukuze silondoloze isakhiwo esihambisanayo senkinobho esiphelile.
Uma uhlose ukufaka isipuni ngamalungiselelo amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, khona-ke kufanele ulinde ukugcwaliswa okugcwele kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokwengeza izinto ezilandelayo kule nhlanganisela. Isixazululo esisebenzisekayo asikwazi ukugcinwa esimweni esiphelele isikhathi eside kunosuku olulodwa. 
Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
Lesi sidakamizwa kufanele sisetshenziselwe izinhloso ze-prophylactic. Isikhathi esihle sokuqala ukwelashwa kuyoba yisikhathi lapho izimo zezulu ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sezifikile, kodwa izimpawu zesifo azikaze ziboniswe. Esikhathini lapho izitshalo ezifuthiwe zivele zinegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukucubungula okuyisisekelo usebenzisa ama-fungicidal ekhanda.
Kubalulekile! Umphumela omuhle uzonikezwa ukwelashwa okwenziwe ngemuva kokushona kwelanga noma ngaphambi kokuthi kuphakame isimo sezulu esizolile, njengoba lokhu kuzosiza ekusabalaleni okuphumelelayo kwezidakamizwa ezindaweni zokufika.
Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukulungisa umshini wokufafaza ukuze unike amaconsi asayizi amancane noma aphakathi. "Shirlan", njenganoma imuphi omunye umuthi wokubulala, kumele ube nesilinganiso sokusebenzisa okwanele ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele futhi okunamandla okugcwele kwendawo. Kuvunyelwe ukwandisa ngeso ngamehlo ebusweni bezitshalo zezitshalo eziphathwe. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isixazululo asiqhumeki emagqabeni aphethwe, phansi, lapho ukusebenza kwawo kungabi khona.
Izinga elilinganiselwe lokusebenzisa umkhiqizo we-Shirlan kumazambane ziba ngu-0.3-0.4 ml ngamamitha ayi-skwele ayishumi esimweni sokumiswa, noma 200-500 ml ngamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ayisithupha ngesimo sesisombululo sokusebenza.
Isikhathi sesenzo sokuzivikela
Umphumela wokuzivikela osebenzayo we "Shirlan" we-phytophthora ne-Alternaria izinsuku ezingu-7-10 futhi ungahluka ngokuya ngezindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola isivuno kanye nezimo ezahlukene zemvelo. Ukudlula ukwelashwa okuvunyelwe ukufaka ukwelashwa kunomthelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza nokunciphisa ubude benkathi yokuvikelwa.
Ubuthi nokuqapha
Lesi sidakamizwa singokwesigaba sesibili sesingozi kubantu, esilawula isidingo sokuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuphepha zomuntu siqu lapho usebenza naye. Qinisekisa ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, izigqoko, amagilavu, kanye nesisindo somuntu ngamunye noma ukuphefumula uma wenza imisebenzi yomsebenzi ehilela le nto.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi somsebenzi wezincwadi ngemuva kokufafaza nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa isonto elilodwa.
Uma kwenzeka uxhumane nesikhumba evulekile noma izibungu zamangqamuzana, kuphuthumayo ukuwuhlanza ngamanzi amaningi abandayo abandayo, futhi uma kubonakala izimpawu zokucasuka, buza udokotela. 
Isidakamizwa sinesidakwa esincane ngokuqondene nezinyosi nezinye izinambuzane, noma kunjalo, iyakwazi ukulimaza ukudoba, ngakho-ke kunemingcele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ezindaweni zokudoba amabhizinisi kanye nabo.
Ukuhambisana
"I-Shirlan" ihambisana kahle uma ixubanisa itanki ngezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, isibonelo "i-VDG", "i-MKS", "i-KARATE", "i-ZION" ne-"AKTARA", kanye ne-desiccants "BP" ne-"REGLON SUPER". Kodwa-ke, kunconywa kakhulu ukuba ungayifaki nemikhakha ehlukahlukene eyenziwa yi-alkaline emvelo - isibonelo, nge-Bordeaux ingxube, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwamakhemikhali kokulungiselela.
Akufanele usebenzise leli thuluzi ngokuhlanganiswa nokuhlunga okuhlukahlukene ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwawo asihambisani. Kuvinjelwe ukuxuba izidakamizwa ezahlukene ngesimo esingaguquki. Qinisekisa ukuthi uqiniseke ngaphambi kokukhiqiza izingxube ukuthi isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene enhlanganisweni kuyafana. 
Isimo sokuphila nesimo sokugcina isitoreji
Isidakamizwa kufanele sigcinwe ifomu elingavunyelwe endaweni eyomile engatholakali ukukhanya kwelanga, kude nezingane nezilwane. Okuqukethwe okushisa okuphezulu kusuka ku-0 ° C kuya kuma-40 ° C. Ungavumeli ukuthi izinto zihlangane nezitsha kanye nezindawo zokudla okulungiselelwe. Ungagcina iminyaka engu-3.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko siphendule yonke imibuzo yakho mayelana nemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalesi sikhungo se-antifungal. Sifisela ukuba uqoqe isivuno esihle samazambane esimangalisa ngempela!
