Ikhukhamba Libelle: incazelo nokulima

Ikhukhamba ingenye yemifino ethandwa kakhulu ekudliwayo hhayi kuphela ehlobo ehlobo olusha, kodwa futhi ebusika, ngendlela yokudla okusawoti, okuqoshiwe noma okusemathinini.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezenziwa ngabalimi bakhetha ukuhlwanyela esiqhingini sabo, kodwa namhlanje sizokhuluma ngekhukhamba yeLibell (Libell F1), cabanga ngezici zayo kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, futhi uxoxe ngezici zemifino ekhulayo evela kumbewu.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

"I-Libelae F1" iyinhlobonhlobo yezinyanga eziphakathi nonyaka eveza izitshalo kakade ngosuku lwama-50 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Kungatshalwa kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ukhulile ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma zokugcina izithombo.

Kubalulekile! Uma une-greenhouse encane evaliwe, ukuhlwanyela i-Libell akukhuthazwa, njengoba kudinga ukuvotela izinyosi, futhi umhlabathi ovaliwe awunayo impumelelo emvunweni.

Kodwa uma une-apiary yakho noma i-apiary esiseduze, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela ezihlukahlukene ezimweni ezinjalo zokushisa, noma kunjalo, kuzodingeka uhlale uhamba emoyeni. Izitshalo zalezi ukhukhamba zibhekwa ngamahlumela amade, ngokuvamile avunyelwe ukusekela. Izithelo zamakhukhamba "I-Libell" ("Libelle F1") inezincazelo njengemifino ephakathi nendawo, ifinyelela ku-13 cm ubude futhi isisindo esingaba ngu-150 g. Ukukhiqizwa kwezihlukahlukene kungafinyelela ku-10 kg ngemitha yesikwele. Amakhukhamba anama-tubercles amancane anemifino emhlophe, umbala wamaqabunga aluhlaza ubonakala umbala omnyama obomvu, iziqongo ezimhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi ngezimpawu ezimhlophe. Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ngokuvuthwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kweZelentsa, okuwela ekupheleni kwehlobo, okuyinto elula kakhulu uma kusetshenzwa.

Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene

Izinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba "Libella" unesici esihle kusuka kubalimi abake basitshala endaweni yabo.

Cabangela izimfanelo ezinhle eziyinhloko ezicatshangwayo:

• ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu;
• ukulondolozwa kahle kweZelentsiv emva kokuvuna;
• ukumelana nomonakalo ngezifo ezithile kanye nezinambuzane;
• isivuno esanda;
• isikhathi eside se-fruiting.

Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sokuqala, ukhukhamba zasendle zatholakala ngaphansi kwezintaba ze-Himalaya, lapho zikhula kuze kube yilolu suku. Futhi le mifino "yayihlonywe" eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-6 eyedlule.

Phakathi kokushiyeka, singagcizelela ukuthi amakhukhamba anga:

• ukuphuma ngokushesha;
• ukunambitheka okumunyu
• iqukethe izindawo ezimhlophe ezithinta kabi ukubukeka.

Ukulima

Izinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba "Libelle F1", njenganoma yikuphi okunye, inezici zayo zokulima, okumelwe zicatshangelwe ukuze zithole isitshalo esikhulu nesiphakeme.

Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele ukhukhamba elinama-hybrid njenge: "Zozulya F1", "Herman F1", "Hector F1", "Masha f1", "Isigqoko saseSiberia F1", "Isibindi F1" no "Crispina F1".

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukhukhamba iLibell ayihlushwa ukulima emasimini. Kungenzeka ukuwahlwanyela emhlabathini, kodwa ngemuva kokushiswa ku-12 ° C, futhi amaqhwa angase akhishwe. Isikhathi sokufika okungenani - ekupheleni komhlaka ka-Meyi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanele lapho ukhukhamba izokukhula kahle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthola insimu ebanda kakhulu eyovikelwa emoyeni. Inhlabathi iyakhulela, kodwa uma inhlabathi ibhekwa ngokubunjwa okuyi-acidic - khona-ke kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela, kepha ukulimala kuyodingeka kuqala. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, umquba ocolile kahle kufanele wengezwe emthonjeni ngamunye, ngobuningi ngesandla esisodwa.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze uphephe uma kungenjalo yonke imbewu ihlume, imbewu engu-3 kufanele ibekwe emthonjeni owodwa.

1. Imbewu isatshalaliswa maphakathi nomgodi ngendlela yokuthi kukhona ibanga lika-2 cm phakathi kwabo.
2. Okulandelayo, udinga ukugcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba, ukuze ubukhulu obungqimba bungaphezulu kwe-2 cm.
3. Phakathi kwemigodi nemigqa kufanele kube ibanga lika-60 cm.
4. Uma uhlala endaweni enezulu elibandayo, kutuswa ukuthi emva kokuhlwanyela, vala indawo ehlwanyelwe nge foil.
5. Uma ukhukhamba ikhulile, kuyadingeka ukuba unamanzi kanye nezinsuku ezintathu ukuze izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela lingekho ngaphansi kwe-+22 ° C.

Izithombo ezikhulayo

Uma usebenzisa imbewu yekhukhamba "Libela" ukuze ukhule kuqala izithombo, ungathola isivuno sangaphambilini. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngale ndlela kunconywa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.

Imbewu kufanele ilungele kuqala ukutshala: ukwenza lokhu, ukuyihlunga ngokucophelela, ukhethe okukhulu kakhulu, okungaqondile, imbewu.

Izinto zokutshala ezikhethiwe zigcwele isisombululo sika-3% saline.

Kubalulekile! Gcwalisa imbewu ngesisombululo saline, kufanele uwagcine: uma egcwele futhi ehla phansi phansi kwethangi, lokho okukutshala kungokwesimo esiphakeme futhi kufanelekile ukuhlwanyela. Uma imbewu ihambela phezulu ketshezi, ayifanele ukuhlwanyela.

Kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela imbewu ezinhlakeni ze-peat, ukuze uhlelo lwempande lonakaliswe uma lutshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke lusinde ukufakelwa kwamakhukhamba. Imbewu kumele ingabi ngaphezu kuka-2 cm, ngaphansi kwezingqimba zenhlabathi. Ukushisa kufanele kugcinwe ku-+25 ° C kuze kube isikhathi sokuthi amahlumela okuqala avele.

Uma imbewu ihluma, kubalulekile ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ku-+18 ° C.

Ngaphambi kokuba izithombo zihlwanyelwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kuyadingeka ukuba lukhuni. Ukwenza lokhu, kutuswa ukuthatha iziqukathi ngezitshalo emgwaqweni: kuqala amahora amabili, bese ukwandisa kancane kancane isikhathi esichithwa emoyeni omusha. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngezithombo ngesonto elilodwa.

Izithombo zitshalwe endaweni evulekile ngokusho kwe-50x30 cm scheme.

Ukunakekela

Esigabeni sokulima ikhukhamba ezihlabayo kufanele zilandele ezinye izimo ezincane ekunakekeleni izitshalo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwazo okujwayelekile.

Izandulela ezinhle kakhulu zamakhukhamba yizo zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi, utamatisi, amazambane, i-dill, i-parsley, izaqathe, i-beet kanye ne-rhubarb.

Izimo

Ukutshala izithombo noma ukuhlwanyela kwamakhukhamba kufanele kwenziwe kwenzalo evundile futhi evulekile kakhulu, eyakhiwe nge-humus, inhlabathi. Lapho izitshalo zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele zivikeleke ekushiseni kwezinga lokushisa ngefilimu noma impahla yokumboza. Uma uhlala esifundeni esibhekene nesimo sezulu esifudumele, kunconywa ukuba sikhule ukhukhamba e-trellis.

Uyazi? Isibamba sokushisa sokuqala sezwe sasihloselwe ngokukhethekile ukhukhamba, okwakuyinto ethandwa kakhulu uTiberius - umbusi waseRoma lasendulo.

Ukunisela

Ukhukhamba kukhona isitshalo esinomswakama kakhulu, kodwa namanje akufanele uthathwe ngokuphuza ngokweqile ukuvimbela ukubola kwempande noma ukunqotshwa kwezihlahla nezifo.

Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngamanzi afudumele kakhulu futhi ngaphansi komsuka wesitshalo.

Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liyancipha futhi lihlala lipholile futhi ligcwele imvula, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuchelela ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kokubola nokuvuza.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izitshalo zamakhukhamba zibhekwa ukuthi zithatha izakhi ezinomsoco kakhulu emhlabathini.

Ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngendlela evamile, zidinga ama-potassium amaningi. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukufaka umquba ophilayo okusetshenziselwa ukutshala noma ukuhlwanyela, ukufaka umquba kufanele ukwenziwa emva kwamasonto amabili, emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala. Endabeni yendlela yokutshala - emva kwenyanga, emva kokuphuma kwezithombo.

Kunconywa ukuba wenze okunye okunye okumele kwenziwe ngamaminerali nama-organic fertilizer, okumele kwenziwe njalo kanye ngesonto, ngemuva kokugcoba umhlaba. Ngenye indlela kumanyolo wamaminerali, umlotha usetshenzisiwe, ubhidlika enhlabathini enomanzi, ngesamba se-2 tbsp. l ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ungasebenzisa futhi izingubo ezifanele izitshalo, zingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile. Ukuze ulungise umanyolo ophilayo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amanzi amancane ebhakede le-mullein ukwenza inhlanganisela ephakathi nendawo. Isixazululo senziwa izinsuku ezingu-14 futhi ngaphezulu, ngaphambi kokudla, kuhlanjululwe ngesilinganiso se-1:10 (isisombululo samanzi).

Kubalulekile! Akuyona into ephakanyiswayo ukuba isebenzise umquba wamahhashi wokugqoka, njengoba kuthinta ukuwohloka kwemifino.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Libelle" ingase ithinteke yi-powdery isikhutha, ivela engxenyeni yamaqabunga noma engxenyeni yesitshalo njengephoyisa elimhlophe elimhlophe, elibhekene nezindawo ezincane. Esikhathini esizayo, kukhona ukusabalaliswa kwayo okugcwele, ngenxa yalokho amashidi aphenduka aphuzi futhi asomile. Lesi sifo sithukuthelwa yi-fungi ebonakala enhlabathini ngenkathi yokugcoba nokugcina isimo sezulu sipholile.

Ukuze isikhumba se-powdery singabonakali engadini yakho, kufanele ukhethe ukuhlwanyela kwamakhukhamba nezinye izitshalo, okungukuthi, ungabatshali unyaka ngamunye endaweni efanayo. Imvamisa ephakanyisiwe yokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni efanayo nesikhathi esisodwa eminyakeni emine. Lapho ukhula lwezitshalo luyeka, akumelwe ukhohlwe ukususa izinsalela ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo kusukela emibhedeni. Uma, noma kunjalo, awuzange uvikele ukuvikela izitshalo kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-powdery isikhutha, kufanele uwaphathe nge-Topaz ekuqaleni kwezimpawu, ngokusho kwemiyalelo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukunqotshwa kwezitshalo nge-peronosporosis, ebizwa ngokuthi i-downy isikhutha. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokubonakala kwamabala aphuzi emagqabeni, okukhuphuka kuphela ngesikhathi, kanti isitshalo soma ngokuphelele. Lesi sifo sinengozi kakhulu ngamakhukhamba futhi singathinta kubo kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthukiswa. I-Peronosporaz iyenzeka ngenxa yefungus engase ikhule emhlabathini owumile kakhulu; izitshalo ikakhulukazi ziyakwazi ukulimala yi-peronospora ngesikhathi sokunisela ngamanzi abandayo. Uma lesi sitshalo sinezibonakaliso zokuqala zalesi sifo, kufanele uyeke ukuphuza futhi ukondle ukhukhamba. Emva kwalokho, baphathwa nge-Bordeaux liquid. Ukulungela lokhu kulula: udinga ukuxuba i-100 g ye-sulphate yethusi kanye no-10 amalitha amanzi afudumele, okungezela u-100 g we-li-hydrated lime.

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana ngokukhethekile nezilokazane futhi ezingavamile kakhulu zingathinteka yizinambuzane ezivame kakhulu - ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nama-nematodes enkongo.

Ngakho-ke, kulula kakhulu ukukhula ukhukhamba "Libella" ebhedeni lami engadini, into eyinhloko ukucabangela ezinye izinhlobo ze-nuances ekuhlwanyeleni nasekunakekeleni izitshalo ukuze kufezwe ukukhiqiza nokukhiqiza okusebenzayo.