I-camellia unyaka ngamunye iba yinto ethandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bethu, ngakho-ke ukuhamba kwayo kuhamba kancane kancane ukusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho.
Manje kunenqwaba yezinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile zalesi shrub esinqabileyo.
Kulesi sihloko uzofunda indlela yokutshala isitshalo esibizwa ngokuthi "camellia".
Izici zokufika
Abantu abaningi babhekana nenkinga ngenkathi kutshalwa umuthi we-Camellia engadini - i-shrub ayiqhakazi, yehla amafihlethi ayo, bese imile. 
Abanye bathi akadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi ukhula kahle. Sizoqonda imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo.
Uyazi? Incazelo yokuqala ye-camellia yenziwa ngekhulu le-17 ngumFarisi wama-pharmacist-monk-pharmacy uGeorgy Joseph Camellus, owaletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu evela e-Philippine Islands ngo-1738. UKarl Linney wabiza leli camellia imbali ngokuhlonipha amaJesuit Camellus.
Lapho ukutshala imbali engadini
Lesi sitshalo sidinga umquba omncane kakhulu, ngoba isikhathi sokusebenza sisebenza ngokukhula kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi. I-Camellias itshalwe ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi esanele "sokuphakama." Izihlahla ezihlwanyelwe ensimini ngoMashi-Ephreli zinikezwa ukufaka umanyolo kanyekanye, futhi zisetshenziselwa ama-rhododendrons.
Iminyaka emine yokuqala iphakamisa ukukhula kwamakhamera ezindizeni. Futhi izitshalo ezinempilo ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-4 ubudala, ezinama-well-woody, zingase zitshalwe kakade emhlabathini. 
Ukukhethwa nokukhanyiswa kwesayithi
Indawo yokufika kufanele ibe emthunzini kakhulu ngosuku, hhayi ngaphansi kwelanga elivulekile. Ilanga elishisayo ehlobo lingashisa amaqabunga embali, ebusika into eyingozi kunazo zonke ilanga lasekuseni, isihlahla sihlushwa ukungabi nomswakama uma inhlabathi ishaqwe. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma uhlwanyela isihlahla endaweni emnyama kakhulu, ambalwa amafihlethi azoba khona kuwo.
Indawo yokufika iyadingeka ukuphefumulanjengoba umoya oqinile ungomisa umqhele ovuthiwe. Indawo enjalo ingcono ukuhlukanisa uthango noma udonga. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhetha inhlabathi efanele. Zombili inhlabathi yobumba ehlanzekile nomhlabathi onesihlabathi awunakulungile. Ukuxuba okuhle nomhlabathi we-rhododendron. Inhlabathi evumayo, enomsoco inhle kakhulu, njengoba lesi sitshalo singamukeli umhlabathi owomile noma owomile kakhulu emhlabathini ongcolile wekhamellias.
Ukutshala umuthi wekamela
Ukuze ukhule isihlahla se-camellia, kufanele ulandele imithetho ethile lapho utshala. Ake sibabheke. 
Ukulungiselela umhlaba nokutshala umgodi
Okuhle kakhulu kokutshala ikamela elizolisebenzisa umhlabathi olungeleIsetshenziselwa ukuzala i-azaleas, i-rhododendrons. Le nhlabathi iqukethe i-perlite, i-peat, isihlabathi, i-vermiculite namagxolo omhlabathi.
Ungenza inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ngokwakho. Ukwenza lokhu, thatha i-1 leaf leaf, 1 coniferous ingxenye, 1 peat ingxenye kanye 0.5 izingxenye zesihlabathi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-substrate kumele ibe ne-acidic, futhi ingenawo amanzi futhi ingangeni emoyeni. Uma kwenziwa kahle, amanzi asemzimbeni angasongeli lesi sitshalo.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo ezithile ze-camellias zisetshenziselwa ukushisa amakha. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Camellia eugenolum iqukethe i-eugenol engama-97%, enekhono elinamandla lama-clove.
Lezi zitshalo akufanele zitshalwe ezijulile. Qaphela ngokucophelela isitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala: phakathi kwesiqu kanye nezimpande yi-collar yezimpande, ezingenakuhlanganiswa nomhlabathi. Phindela lezi zimbali zinconywa esikhathini sokusukela ngoNovemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi, lapho ziphumula. Kulezi zitshalo izikhathi ezimbili zezimbali: kusuka ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Julayi kuya ekwindla.
I-Hydrangea ne-peony nayo inefomu lomuthi.
I-patterning yokuhamba
I-Camellia ayiyona isitshalo esinzima kakhulu, futhi ayikho iphethini ethile yokutshala. Le mbali ingahlwanyela yodwa, ungangezela ekubunjweni kwensimu nezinye izihlahla nezimbali, ungenza ngisho nendawo. Ngenxa yokuthi imbali ikhula ngokushesha ngokuphakama futhi inamagatsha amagatsha aqinile namagatsha, ucingo luzoheha kakhulu. 
Okudingayo ukwazi mayelana nokunakekela isitshalo
Naphezu kokulula kwalo, i-camellia ekhula ensimini ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. I-shrub ekhulayo ensimini ifuna izinga nokubunjwa kwamanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela. Imbali ayibekezeli amanzi ahlanganiswe ne-lime, imvula namanzi athambile kakhulu. Sebenzisa amanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa zokunisela.
Kubalulekile! I-Camellias iqhuma ngesikhathi sokulala, okungukuthi, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaNovemba kuya ngenyanga kaFebhuwari.
Ukunisela nokudla
Ngesikhathi sokuphuza i-shrub kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukushaya kwamanzi kwizimbali noma efihlekile yensimu ye-camellia. Esikhathini esifudumele, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe njalo futhi kunamanzi amaningi. Kudingeka ukuphuza isihlahla futhi ebusika, kodwa amanzi amancane. Lesi silinganiso sokunakekelwa lapho ukhula izitshalo kahle sikhuthaza ukubonakala kwefihlekile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kube kuhle futhi kufaneleke, ikakhulukazi kuyadingeka entwasahlobo, uma kuvela amahlumela amasha futhi ukukhula okusebenzayo kuqala. Kubalulekile ukutshala kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, okungenani kabili ngenyanga. Into eyinhloko okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi uhlelo olukhulu lwempande aludingi inani elikhulu lomanyolo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluli ngokugqoka okuphezulu. Ukutshala kuphela emva kokuchelela.
Njengoba umanyolo usebenzisa ama-fertilizer amaminerali nendaba ephilayo, engatholakala ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ngemuva kwehlobo, asikho isidingo sokutshala izihlahla, ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi amaqabunga amasha akhiwa. Uma uwedlula umanyolo ekwindla, isihlahla sizokhula ngesikhathi esingavamile lapho kufanele siphumule. Kulesi simo, isihlahla esincane singabanda. 
Ukusebenzisa umanyolo wesihlahla umanyolo okhethekileokuyinto eyenzelwe izitshalo zenhlabathi e-acidic, kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa umquba omuncu ohlangene (i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, isulfure, i-potassium) ngezici zokulandelela (manganese, iron, zinc, molybdenum, ithusi, boron). I-Magnesesi ne-calcium akudingeki ukuba yenze, njengoba isivele iqukethe emathonjeni. Izinga labo eliphakeme likhulisa ubuhle bomhlabathi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungcono ukwenza izikhathi ezimbili ngaphansi kwesibonakaliso somanyolo.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-camellia ikhula embiza, ayikwazi ukuhanjiswa noma iguqulwe ngenkathi yokuhluma, kungenjalo i-buds ingase iqhume.
Imithetho yokusika izihlahla nezihlahla
I-garden garden camellia yi-shrub engenamqondo ngokwemigatsha yokusika izihlahla, kepha ayilimazi ukuphanga amagatsha emva kokuphela kwezikhathi zezimbali. I-shrub ngemuva kokusika izikhwebu ezinzima kuzodinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile - ukuchelela nokuphuza njalo kuzonikeza isitshalo esithintekayo ngezinga elanele lomswakama. 
Ukushisa futhi ukutshala izihlahla
Ukutshala kabusha amakhophi amancane adinga njalo ngonyaka. Uma i-shrub ikhula njalo ngonyaka, kusho ukuthi eminyakeni emibili idinga ukufakelwa. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuphoqa amahlumela ukuze kube ne-branching engcono. Inhlabathi yezihlahla ezinama-asidi afanelekayo ngezinga le-pH lika-4.5 kuya ku-5 - leli khono lokukhula emhlabathini nge-pH engama-4 nangaphansi kwekhamela elihlukile kwezinye izitshalo eziningi ezishisayo.
Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa isayithi lakho ngezihlahla zezimbali, hlela i-hydrangea, i-kerriya, i-forsythia, i-deutzia, i-chubushnik, i-myricaria, i-honeysuckle, i-spiraea.
Yeka ukuthi umuthi camellia usakazwa kanjani
Isihlahla se-Camellia sanda ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ngosizo olusha imbewu. Bahlwanyelwa emabhokisini, esigabeni se-2 bashiya izithombo zihamba. Ungaphinda uhlanyele ngokushesha ezindaweni ezihlukene ezilingana no-5-7 amasentimitha kwisitshalo esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isihlahla esakhula ngendlela enjalo kusuka kumbewu cishe sizolahlekelwa yizici zayo ezihlukahlukene.
- Izihlahla ezihlukahlukene zisabalalisa kuphela vegetatively. Ukuze uthole izimila udinga ukusebenzisa ukusika izihlahla. Zinqunywe eziqongweni zesitshalo ngendlela yokuthi amaqabunga ama-3-5 agcinwe (ukusika kufanele kube cishe ubude obuyi-7 cm). Kubalulekile ukuqeda amahlumela ngoJulayi nangoJanuwari. Bakha izimpande, njengombuso, kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-50. I-substrate ye-cuttings kufanele ithathwe ngendlela yenhlanganisela ye-pH 4.5-5.0 umhlaba we-sod nesihlabathi esilinganisweni esingu-1: 1, nomhlabathi onamagatsha kanye ne-peat kufanele kuthathwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili. Ungakhohlwa ukuphuza, uphefa futhi uvikele izibonelo ezisuselwe elangeni. Ukusikwa komnyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokukhula kudinga ukuphathwa ezitsheni ezinkulu.
Uyazi? I-Camellia ingokomndeni wetiyi. Itiye sonke esiyiphuzayo libizwa nangokuthi "camellia chinese" (Camellia sinensis). Futhi ikhamellias evamile yokuhlobisa iJapane.
Izifo nezinambuzane zembali
Ngokunakekelwa ngokufanele nokunakekelwa kwekhamela, izinambuzane nezifo ngokuvamile azithinti futhi cishe aziyona ingozi. Uma ukunakekelwa kunganele, lesi sitshalo singasongelwa ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, noma izifo ezifayo. Ake sihlolisise indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane.
Uma amabala amnyama-grey kanye / noma amabala amnyama emagumbini avela emaqabunga esihlahla (uma lesi sifo sinamandla, amaqabunga angase awele), lokhu kungenxa yezifo ezithile ze-fungal. Isitshalo singelashwa nge-fungicides, kodwa kungcono ukuqeda isitshalo esinjalo ngokuphelele.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umswakama obuningi bomhlabathi uholela ekutheni uhlelo lwempande luhamba.
Futhi, imbali ingakwazi ukuthelela igciwane le-cucumber mosaic. Njengoba isifo esinjalo, imifino yamaqabunga iphendukile. Kubalulekile ukulwa nalesi sifo ngosizo lwe-Aktara nemithi ye-Actellic. 
Ngezinye izikhathi ama-aphid nama-cherry akhula esitshaleni, esondla ama-vegetable juices, futhi akhiqize i-pad. I-Soot fungus iqala ukuthuthukisa kulezi zimfihlo. Ungakwazi ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane ngotshwala (i-swab yekotini isetshenziswe utshwala futhi iphathwe ngesitshalo) noma nge-insecticide ekhethekile.
Baphinde baphule ama-aphid ngosizo lwesisombululo seseva, esetshenziswa ukugeza lesi sitshalo. Ungasusa nge-pressure encane. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukugeza ama-aphid. Uma isitshalo sithinteka ngama-aphid, khona-ke ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba emva kwesikhathi esifushane imbali ingawuma.
Isongo esibi kakhulu ku-camellia yi-spider mite. Lezi zinambuzane, njenge-aphid, zibhubhisa ngokushesha ikamela, ngakho-ke kudingeka uphendule ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze ususe umkhiqizo, isisombululo esikhethekile esisekelwe ngamafutha esetshenziswa, esingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ngosizo lwezixazululo ezinjalo isicabucabu se-spider sisuswa emaqabunga e-shrub.
Lesi sitshalo singase sihlupheke ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile:
- uma inhlabathi imuncu - amaqabunga aqala ukuwa, amaqabunga aphendukile;
- uma isitshalo sibhekene nelanga - izindawo ezibomvu zakhiwa emaqabunga;
- uma imbali ingenawo umswakama noma umhlabathi owomile, ihlahla amaqabunga.
Ngakho, sazi ngemithetho yokunakekela, ukukhiqiza nokutshala kwekamela. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womlimi wensimu ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele kwalesi sitshalo, futhi kuyokujabulisa ngomqhele omuhle kanye nezimbali eziningi.
