Ubuciko beBonsai - ikhophi esiqondile somuthi otshalwe emincane - inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga isikhathi eside, kanye nesipiliyoni nokunakwa. Udinga ukukhetha isitshalo, ucabangele izici zesimo sezulu, ngaphambi kokwenza i-bonsai. Ama-Avocados, ulamula, i-fir awalungele isimo sezulu sendawo ephakathi.
I-DIY bonsai
Ochwepheshe nabaqambi bemvelo bancoma ukwenza i-bonsai ngezandla zakho kuzo zombili izihlahla ezi-coniferous and deciduous, abameleli abajwayelekile kakhulu babo abangamaphayini kanye ne-maple, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi yi-lilac, rose, ne-wisteria. Ukukhula nge-bonsai kusuka ezitshalweni ezinjalo kuyindaba elula, ukunakekelwa okuncane.
IMali Tree Bonsai Inhle Ngokukhula Kwi-Middle Strip
Ukukhetha imbewu
Abalimi abaningi bezitshalo banesifiso sendlela yokukhula futhi bakhe i-bonsai kusuka embewini ekhaya ukuze bathole isihlahla esihle. Inqubo yokulima ithatha iminyaka eminingana, ekuqaleni inakekelwa kahle imbewu, izithombo bese kuphela isihlahla, futhi kude nesikhathi sokuqala ukuyikhulisa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Ukukhula kwe-bonsai kuvulandi, kufanele ukhethe izitshalo ezishisayo: isihlahla sekofi, i-laurel, i-dracaena. Ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho, ukuthola i-bonsai kusuka ku-ficus kusazophuma kubhekwe ngobunjalo besitshalo. Uma kukhona ngisho nomqondo omncane kakhulu womsuka wenqubo, ungatshala isihlahla sikaphayini esikhula kancane, kodwa ekugcineni kutholakale isihlahla esihle.
Ukukhetha kwebhodwe
Noma yimuphi umthamo ungasebenza njengebhodwe lesitshalo se-bonsai - ngokhuni, ngamatshe ngokudangala, ngobumba, kepha kungcono ukunikela ngokuthanda izimbiza zodaka. Umthetho oyisisekelo lapho ukhetha ifomu lesitsha se-bonsai ukuthi akufanele ube muhle kakhulu kunesitshalo. Kwamasiko anokhuni, ubumba olunemithunzi ehlukahlukene lufanelekile, ngoba izimbali - ubumba noma ubumba lombala ofanele.
Nakani! Ukunisela kuncike kokubhalwe ebhodweni, ngokwesibonelo, kubumba isitshalo sidinga ukuniselwa kaningi kunakwisitsha sobumba.
Ibhodwe le-bonsai elenziwe nganoma iyiphi impahla kufanele libe likhulu. Ububanzi besitsha esiyindilinga kufanele budlule ububanzi besiqu amahlandla ama-3, futhi ukujula kufanele kube cishe yingxenye yokuphakama kwesihlahla. Amabhodwe enzelwe inkambiso anobubanzi obunga-2/3 komqhele wesihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunamathela ngokuqinile usayizi webhodwe kudingeka kuphela kwizitshalo zabantu abadala.
Inhlabathi
Ezihlahleni ze-coniferous, inhlabathi ilungiswa yomile nokuqukethwe kwesihlabathi, izinhlobo zezimbali nezangaphakathi - i-organic substrate. Kunoma ikuphi, inhlabathi yezinhlobo ze-bonsai kufanele idlule kalula umswakama futhi ibe nohlelo lokudonsa amanzi.
Isihlabathi esifaneleke kahle kusuka ogwini lwamachibi, sihle futhi sibumbekile. Ukwakha isihlabathi esinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokhilimu akulungile ukutshala i-bonsai.
Kubalulekile! Ukunciphisa inhlabathi kusuka ku fungus, udinga ukufudumeza ku-microwave cishe imizuzu emi-5.
Ngabe ngidinga ukufaka umanyolo we-bonsai
Ngokubona izihlahla ezikhula ezimbizeni ezincane, zidinga ukugqokwa phezulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula. Umanyolo ofanele we-bonsai kufanele uqukathe i-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, ezitholakala cishe kuwo wonke umanyolo, kepha kuzitshalo ezahlukahlukene kufanelekile ukubheka isilinganiso sazo.
Ukuzalisa ngamanyolo kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube maphakathi ekwindla. Izinhlobo zasendlini zingavundiswa unyaka nonyaka.
Isinyathelo-by-step algorithm sokusebenzisa ukugqoka okomile:
- Fafaza ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo.
- Thela amanzi amaningi avela phezulu.
Kubalulekile!Ukufaka umquba nge-bonsai kuyadingeka, kepha, uma unikezwe inani elilinganiselwe lomhlabathi, ngokuqinile kumithamo enconyiwe, ukuze kungalimazi isitshalo.
Ukuqala kuphi
Ukukhula kuqala ngesidingo sokuhluma imbewu ye-bonsai, okufanele yelashwe ezinambuzaneni nasezifo. Igama lincike esitshalweni, abanye bazodinga iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu. Isikhathi sokuhluma singancishiswa ngokwephula ijazi lembewu ukwenza lula izithombo.
Imilo yomqhele
Izinhlobo (izitayela) zomqhele we-bonsai:
- fan;
- mpo;
- mpo;
- ukuthambekela;
- ukuqeda;
- isigamu semidlalo yasekhasino;
- i-bohemian;
- isihlahla esigoqwa ngumoya;
- umphongolo ophindwe kabili;
- izithiyo eziningi
- ukugibela noma ukugibela iqembu;
- izimpande edwaleni;
- isihlahla etsheni;
- umuthi owile;
- izinkuni ezifile.
Lapho isitshalo sidinga ukutshalwa kabusha
Uma i-bonsai ikhula emhlabathini ovulekile, awukwazi ukuyifaka, kepha inani elilinganiselwe lokufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi ukuze izimpande zingahambelani. Inqubo enjalo ibhekwa njengehleliwe, okungukuthi, yenzeka njalo ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe futhi kuya ngeminyaka, ubungako bomuthi nembiza, kanye nohlobo lwesitshalo nomhlabathi wezakhi.
Ngemininingwane! Izitshalo ezisencane, ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka emi-4, zidluliswa njalo entwasahlobo lapho kuqala ukwakheka kwezimila, umuntu omdala - kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-10. Isibonakaliso sokufakelwa izimpande sinamathela ngaphandle komgodi wokudonsa amanzi bese siqala ukuwa emaqabunga.
Kunolunye uhlobo lokufakelwa - oluphuthumayo, lwenziwa lapho isitshalo sigula noma izimpande zibolile.
Juniper Bonsai
Iyatholakala ukuze ilinyiselwe bobabili abatshali abanolwazi nabaqalayo. I-bonsai enjalo ebusika ayidingi kuthambisa kaningi, futhi azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zomswakama, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya. Ukungathobeki inzuzo yayo.
Ebusika, isihlahla sidinga ukuphumula okungaphezu kokunisela, ngakho-ke inhlabathi kumele yome ngalesi sikhathi. Naphezu kokuzithoba kokuqukethwe kwejuniper bonsai, isihlahla sidinga ukunakwa kancane nokunisela okuncane.
Ngemininingwane! Ukuhlola inhlabathi nsuku zonke ngezinzipho. Ukuphonsa induku emhlabathini ngo-1.5 cm bese uyibambe imizuzu eyi-10, unganquma ukuthi umhlabathi womile kangakanani. Uma induku ekhishwe iba manzi, ukuthambisa akumele kwenziwe, yomile ithi sekuyisikhathi sokunisela isitshalo.
Inhlabathi yejuniper ye-bonsai ayihlukile kunenhlabathi kwezinye izinhlobo, kodwa isitshalo, ngisho nesikhathi sasebusika sokungasebenzi, ngeke sikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga. Ebusika, amahora ama-4 azokwanela i-juniper ukuba selangeni.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwejuniper
I-Juniper, njengabameli abaningi be-Kiparisovs, ayithobeki emhlabathini, kepha kwezinye izimo idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu. Izihlahla ezisencane, kanye nezihlahla ezitshalwe ngenxa yobuthakathaka kanye nokuthambekela kwezifo, zidinga umanyolo osetshenziswa isizini yonke, uqala inyanga emva kokufakelwa. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zejuniper zidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi. I-Peat nesihlabathi ngokuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa kwamapulangwe kufakwa ku-acid ene-asidi ephakathi nendawo, ne-lime elitshekile kwimvelo ye-alkaline.
Isicelo somanyolo
Ungayenza kanjani i-bonsai kusuka kumjuniper: ukwakheka komqhele
Ukwakheka komqhele kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ucingo. Umthetho oyinhloko hhayi ukuthi uthathwe futhi ukhumbule ukuthi umuthi uhlala ukhula, ngakho-ke, udinga ukususa ngokuphepha amahlumela aphazamisayo futhi ubheke ucingo esakhiweni esithambile sesiqu.
Ficus Bonsai
Ukuzikhethela kwe-ficus kunesizathu esizwakalayo, ngoba kuhlukile ezimpandeni ezigqinsiwe, isiqu esikhulu ngesiga noma isihlotshana, amagxolo amahle abushelelezi noma athuthukisiwe nokukhula okusheshayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufaneleka kahle ukukhula ngohlobo oluncane futhi kulula ukulolongeka. IFicus ayifuni elangeni, ilungele ukukhanya kwelanga, ngenkathi ukukhanya kwemini kungadala ukushiswa kwamaqabunga.
Ficus Benjamin Bonsai
Iziphi izinhlobo ze-ficus ezilungele i-bonsai
Ezinhlotsheni ze-ficus, isiBengali, obomvu okugqwala, okufiphele kanye noBenjamin kufanelekile kulinywe okunjalo. Kuhle ukukhulisa i-bonsai kusuka ezinhlotsheni zokugcina, ezinazo zonke izici zokuthola isihlahla esimfushane: amaqabunga amancane, ukukhula ngokushesha, izimpande ezinhle namagxolo.
Ukukhetha kweShange
I-Bonsai yehlukile ezitshalweni ezejwayelekile hhayi ngosayizi omncane, kodwa futhi ngesimo sesiqu sayo, enikeza umbono wesihlahla esidala kakhulu. Ifomu le-classical, ngaphandle kwamagatsha phansi futhi ligobekile, likhula. Isitayela esiqondile esingalungile sihlukaniswa umqhele omncane ongadluleli ngale kwemikhawulo yebhodwe nesiqu esibunjiwe. Umumo othambekele ungathambekela kunoma iyiphi i-engela futhi ube nezimpande ngaphezulu. Indlela eyingqayizivele ye-bonsai ifaka phakathi ukukhula kweziqu ezimbili ezivela ezimpandeni eyodwa.
Isifundo se-Ficus
Inqubo yokubumba i-ficus bonsai iqukethe ukwelapha izimpande, umqhele kanye nesiqu. Ukuze umuthi ukhule ububanzi, izimpande zesitshalo esisha zidinga ukugawulwa kuze kubonakale ukuqina kwesiqu. Ngemuva kwalokho, uhlome ngesikhafu esicijile, udinga ukunquma amaqabunga kanye neziqu. Izihlahla zenziwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kuthi ebusika, lapho isitshalo sithola amandla, kungcono ukungasiphazamisi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakhiwa umgoqo usebenzisa ucingo. I-garter ilungele ukulengisa isihlahla, futhi ukuqinezela ngendlela yohlaka kusiza ukuqinisa amagatsha ngesimo esifunayo.
Nakani!Ukwenza ifreyimu ehlala izinyanga ezimbili, awukwazi ukukhipha ucingo ngokuqinile ukuze uvikele ukungangeni kwalo esiqwini. Akunconywa ukugqoka uhlaka ngokushesha nje kokutshala, udinga ukulinda amasonto ambalwa.
Imali Isihlahla Bonsai, noma iCrassula
Ungenza i-bonsai kusuka entombini ekhulupheleyo, enkulu ngobukhulu, ngisho nasemakamelweni amancane. Lesi sitshalo siyilungele kahle inqubo ye-bonsai, lapho ungathola khona isitshalo esihlangene sefomu laso langempela.
Incazelo yeCrassula nezinhlobo ze-bonsai
ICrassula, noma isihlahla semali, ifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama. Unobukhulu obukhulu obungama-20 cm. Lesi sitshalo saziswa ngesidingo saso esiphansi sokunakekelwa kanye nokuhlobisa kwamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani bobunjwa obuhlukahlukene.
Phezu kobubanzi beshidi kuneziqondisi. Kunezinhlobo ezingama-350 zeCrassula emvelweni, izihlahla zasendlini zihlukaniswe ngezihlahla ezinjengesihlahla futhi ezinwabuzelayo. Endleleni yezihlahla ezincane, kusetshenziswa izihlahla ezifana nezimbila.
Ilungiselela izinto zokutshala
Izihlahla eziphakeme azidluli ku-200 cm futhi zibe nesiqu esikhulu, njengomuthi wabantu abadala, onamafrakhishini, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala, umuthi wemali kufanele unqanyulwe kahle, bese ulondolozela ukwakheka komqhele.
Ukutshala isitshalo endaweni engaphansi elungiselelwe
Ukuze uthole i-bonsai yesihlahla yemali, umhlaba kufanele ukhiqizwe kahle, uqukethe i-peat kanye nomanyolo ukukhulisa amaqabunga ngokushesha. Ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo, i-substrate ye-cacti iphelele.
Umthamo we-bonsai kufanele ukhethwe ngobubanzi futhi ungajulile ngokubheka kokuthenwa kwezimpande okwenziwe ekuqaleni kwembiza. Lapho utshala, musa ukuqinisa intambo yezimpande. Ekupheleni kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuziswe kahle.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele
Ukuze isihlahla esisuka emafutheni sibe umhlobiso wangempela, kuyadingeka ukucindezela kahle, ukuvikela ekushisweni yilanga bese wakhe isiqu ngendlela efanelekile. I-hoodie yesilinganiso esincane sesikhulile kangcono kusuka kuhluma, khona-ke kuzoba lula ukudala isitayela esifunayo. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, lesi sitshalo singaphansi kwemithetho ethile yokwakhiwa komqhele, ukusinikeza ukuvumelana okudingekile, kuhlangene nokubukeka kwemvelo.
Ukwakha umqhele womqhele
UCarmona Bonsai - Isitshalo Esidume Kunazo Zonke
UCarmona uthole ukwabiwa okukhulu kakhulu phakathi kwezitshalo ezakhiwe kusetshenziswa indlela yezihlahla ezincane. Ukuthandwa kwalesi sitshalo esishisayo kunomthelela ekuntuleni kwezindlela ezithile zokuzigcina ekhaya nokubukeka okuhle.
Kungani uCarmona elungele abaqalayo
UCarmona Bonsai - isihlahla esihlala sikhona noma isihlahla esinamaqabunga acwebezelayo ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, siqhakaza kaningana ngonyaka, siletha amajikijolo amancane akhanyayo, omuhle kakhulu ngokubonga kwawo ngokuzithoba nokulula ukulinyelwa.
Isitshalo se-bonsai esingagugi
UCarmona angakhula ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, kuthatha kuphela amahora ambalwa wokukhanya kwelanga ngosuku, futhi aqhakaze kahle unyaka wonke unyaka. Ngenxa yokufana nesihlahla, ama-Bonsaists amaningi akhetha uCarmona.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
ICarona isitshalo esishisayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho i-thermophilic, kepha iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-10 ° C. Ebusika, ephaketheni kumele anikeze okungenani ihora lokukhanya kwelanga.
Izinga lokukhula
Kanye ne-azalea bonsai, i-carmona izokhula iminyaka eminingana futhi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izokwazi ukuthola isihlahla esihle.
Bonsai Carmona
Ukuxuba komhlaba
Ungadlulisela i-carmona enhlabathini ye-bonsai ngokukhetha isigaxa sobumba esenziwe ngokuzimela kusuka ekujuleni kwegadi, futhi usebenzise i-heather, turf, inhlabathi enamaqabunga noma uthenge okwenziwe ngomumo.
Nakani! UCarmona uyakwazi ukukhula engxenyeni esetshenziswayo, kepha kuncike ekondleni njalo. Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba awunayo i-lime, engaholela ezifweni zezitshalo.
Izinhlobo zamaphakethe wokuzalela ngaphakathi
Kwimishini emincane, ukuzalaniswa kwezihlahla ezincane ezinhlamvu kakhulu, okufinyelela kumamitha angama-4 nokukhula kuze kube yiminyaka engama-70, okuthandwa kakhulu kakhulu ngamaphokhethi amancane noma ngamaphakethe anamaqabunga amakhulu, kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kwezitshalo ezinjalo, ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, akuhlukile ekunakekelweni kwe-myrtle bonsai.
I-Ammania - aquarium bonsai
I-Ammania, noma i-rotala indica - isitshalo esinamaqabunga aluhlaza anezimbali ezi-pink. I-aquarium isebenza njengebhodwe le-bonsai - inhlanganisela yokuzalanisa izinhlanzi zasendlini nezitshalo zasendlini. Zombili ezi-nano-aquariums ezijwayelekile ne-nano-zilungele ukutshalwa. Imvamisa, i-Ammania Bonsai ibukeka njengokhaphethi omanzi futhi iyintandokazi phakathi kwezitshalo ezenzelwe ukwakhiwa kwe-aquarium.
Izimo zokuboshwa nokunakekelwa kwe-ammonia
I-Ammania isitshalo esibuthakathaka esinganconywa ukuthi sitshale ku-aquarium enezinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwalokho zingalimaza i-bonsai. Ungasheshisa kanjani ukukhula? Isixazululo ukuhlinzeka nge-carbon dioxide eningi.
Isendlalelo esingezansi
Njengomhlabathi we-ammonia, isihlabathi esihle nesikhanyayo esingeqi kumamilimitha amathathu enesakhi sokudla semvelo, esivundiswa kahle ngensimbi, kufanelekile. Ungathatha inhlabathi enempilo eyenziwe nge-bonsai. I-Amonia izokuqhakaza icule izinkomishi ezine ezincane.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi, ubulukhuni nokukhanya
Isitshalo sonyaka siguqulwa ngamapharamitha ajwayelekile wamanzi amasha, lapho i-pH ingu-6.0-7.5, futhi ubulukhuni busuka ku-3 kuye ku-8. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elifanele alikho ngaphezu kwama-28 ° C, kepha alikho ngaphansi kwama-22 ° C. Ukukhula okujwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukukhanyiswa nge-spectrum ephelele, futhi ngokukhanya okubuthakathaka, isiqu namaqabunga kuyoluleka. I-bonsai shoot idinga ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanya okuqinile kusuka ku-1 V nge-1 litre yamanzi.
Izithombo zase-Ammania
Imbewu bonsai evela e-Ammania ayikakhuli ngenxa yezimo ezikhethekile zokukhula, ngakho udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokuzala. Ukukhula okuthe xaxa kuncike ekuxhunyelelweni okunekhono, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukucindezela isiqu esikhulu esinamanzi sesitshalo esinamaqabunga amancanyana akhiwe kuwo. Ukusika ngokucophelela isiqu bese usibeka endaweni engaphansi, izimpande zizovela kuso, emva kwalokho zingatshalwa emhlabathini olungiselelwe. Ukutshala kwenzeka ngokuhlangana ku-substrate, kepha ngaphandle kokucindezela izimpande.
Ukusika i-Ammania
Ukuhlakulela ukuhlobisa okuphilayo kuwumsebenzi othokozisayo kodwa oyinselele. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha iminyaka eminingana. Kungakho emibhangqwaneni yokuqala kubalulekile ukunquma uhlobo lwesitshalo nezici zokunakekelwa kwaso, ukuze ungabhubhisi iminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi ngezenzo ezingalungile ngobusuku obubodwa.
