I-Euonymus European - isitshalo esidume kakhulu, esetshenziselwa ukuhlelwa komhlaba nokudala izingoma zensimu. Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi lezi zitshalo ziye zahlanganisa izimfanelo ezifana nokukhula okusheshayo, umphumela wokuhlobisa omuhle kakhulu, nokuba khona kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo.
Izimpawu nezici
I-euonymus yaseYurophu ingokomndeni wakwa-Eoskletovykh. Itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu emahlathini ahlanganisiwe. Lolu hlobo lwesiLatini lubizwa ngo-Еuonymus europaeus, oluhumusha njengomuthi onenkazimulo. Ungathola futhi amanye amagama, isibonelo, inkomo, "isihlahla sogwaja" nabanye. Izici eziyinhloko zesitshalo zihlanganisa: 
- Kungakhula ngesimo sehlathi (kufika kumamitha amathathu phezulu), futhi futhi ngesimo somuthi (kufika kumamitha angu-6 phezulu). Ngokuqondene nomqhele, ungaba ngamamitha angu-5 ububanzi.
- Ikhula ngokushesha futhi ibekezelela ihlumela.
- Ebusika lesi sitshalo siphuka amahlamvu.
- Ayinaso uhlelo oluyisisekelo lwempande.
- Amahlamvu amafomu alula, abushelelezi ngokuphelele futhi angenakuqhathaniswa ehlobo.
- Isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngoMeyi-Julayi. Izimbali zincane, zihlangene nge-inflorescences isambulela.
- Izithelo kukhona amabhokisi enesikhumba anezinhlamvu ezine.
- Izinkuni kunzima ekwenzeni izinto ezincane, ezifana nokubopha izinaliti, izimpande nezinye.
Izici ze-European Euonymus:
- Amagatsha amancane agcwele ukukhula kwesikhala, ngenxa yokuthi isimo se-stem sibe sikwele.
- Ekwindla, amahlamvu agcwele ama-shades ahlukahlukene, aphuzi aphuzi.
- Izithelo ziyizinto eziyinhloko zokuhlobisa izitshalo, zivuthwe ngo-Okthoba, zingahlala ezihlathini lonke ubusika, zijabulise iso nombala walo okhanyayo.
- Kusukela emanzini atshisa izinkuni thola i-slate yekhwalithi yokudweba.
- Kuyinto uhlobo "magnet" izinambuzane zezihlahla zezithelo.
- Isithelo sitshalo sinobuhlungu kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kutholakala ukuthi emagqabeni e-euonymus aqukethe imithi ye-gutta-percha, efana nezakhiwo zerabha. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ucwaningo luveze ukuthi iningi lalezi zinto (kuze kufike ku-16%) zakhiwe emasongweni ezinsimu ezincane namagatsha.
Izinhlobo ezidumile
Ukuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi nabakhi bemvelo lapho bekhetha i-European Euonymus eyinqobile lezi zinhlobo zithi:
- Nana - ezihlukahlukene ezincane, kubhekisela efomini elinyakayo, ukuphakama okungaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-0.5. Izihlahla zinenani elikhulu lezilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezikwazi ukukhula ngokushesha futhi zinike ukukhula okusha. Emagatsheni wezimbili kukhona amaqabunga amancane okuthiwa i-lanceolate enemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iqhakaza ngoJulayi ngezimbali ezincane ze-nondescript emahlumela alo nyaka, futhi ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ungabona pink elivuthiwe nesithelo esiphuzi.
- I-cascade ebomvu - i-shrub ende. Ukuhamba kahle nokunciphisa ebusheni, lapho ubudala bekhula futhi umqhele wawo ungafinyelela kumamitha amathathu ububanzi ngokuphakama kwamamitha amane. Ngekwindla amahlamvu athola i-palette engavamile yembala esuka ephuzi elikhanyayo kuze kube yilaphuzi. NgoMeyi, izimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi ziqhakaza, futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kwekwindla kuze kube entwasahlobo, i-European Caspian ehlukahlukene i-Red Cascade ingabona izithelo zesikhumba, ezidwetshwe nge-pink and dark shades shades.
Lezi zinhlobo ze-euonymus inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amabili ze-ornamental. Nazi ezinye zazo:- Alba - izihlahla ezincane eziphakathi kwezithelo ezimhlophe.
- Aucubaefolia - amaqabunga anamabala aphuzi.
- Pendula - amagatsha anezikhala.
- Atropurpurea - amahlamvu anomthunzi we-lilac.
- I-Argenteo-variegata - amaqabunga amhlophe-amabala.
- I-Intermedia - izithelo ezinkulu ezibomvu ngemuva kwesihlahla samahlamvu aluhlaza.
Sebenzisa ngeziqephu zensimu
I-euonymus yaseYurophu - isitshalo esidumile esingasetshenziswayo, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuklanyeleni kwezwe landscape ngenkathi eklanyelwe izakhiwo siqu siqu, kodwa futhi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Kunamaphuzu amaningi okudingeka acatshangelwe uma udala izingoma zensimu:
- Bakha inqwaba yokusebenzisa izitshalo ezikhula phezulu, isibonelo i-Red Cascade ezihlukahlukene (i-Euonymus ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-4).
- Zakhula ezinkampanini ezilodwa, zakha izakhi ezikhanyayo ekwindla, lapho i-spruce yaseYurophu inhle kakhulu.
- Izinhlobo ezinamanzi nezinwabuzelayo ukuhlobisa izivande ze-stony futhi utshalwe ezindaweni ezingafanele ukusetshenziswa, ukudala uhlobo lwe-oasis, olumbozwe ngamaphepheni amahlamvu ezinhlobonhlobo. Okukhethwa kahle nguNana.
- Izinhlobo ezingaphansi komhlaba etshalwe emibhedeni yemifula ukudala izingqungquthela zangempela futhi asetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukugoba kwezindlela zegadi.
- Amahlamvu ashintshiwe we-euonymus asebenza njengesizinda esihle sokuhlunga iqembu ngama-conifers aphansi, isibonelo, ngezinhlobo ezincane zezihlahla ze-spruce, izihlahla zemithi ye-pin kanye nemithi yomjunipha.
- Izinhlobo ezinamazinyo etshalwe emafotsheni futhi asakazwa kulo lonke isayithi, futhi ahlobise ama-balconies namasimu.
- Esetshenziselwa ukutshala emithambekeni - i-Euonymus inesimiso se-root branched, esiqinisa kahle ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi.
- Ukuhlobisa izindonga zezakhiwo.
- Ikhono lezitshalo ukuphendula kahle izinwele zihlinzeka ikhono lokudala ibhonsai.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Uma unquma ukutshala u-euonymus esiqhingini sakho, khona-ke imbewu kufanele ithengwe ku-nursery noma engadini yensimu ngesistimu evulekile noma evulekile. Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kuncike ku lapho izokhula khona futhi kusukela ekubunjweni ofuna ukuyidala:
- Uma ukutshala kuzokwenzeka ezindaweni ezivulekile noma kusetshenziselwe ukuklanywa, kungcono ukunikeza izintandokazi ezinhlobonhlobo ezide.
- Ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma ukufaka imingcele, izinhlobo zemifino nezitshalo zomzimba zilungile.
Ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesayithi
Ekunqumeni indawo lapho izitshalo zizotshala khona, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulindele ukuthi umsebenzi ozoqhubeka usebenza kuphi. Cabanga ngamaphuzu amaningana:
- Njengoba i-euonymus yaseYurophu ingokwezihlahla ezinqabile, okungcono ukunikeza izingosi zelanga, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokuwa umbala wamaqabunga uzoba unamandla kakhulu.
- Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi lesi sitshalo asithandi amanzi aphelile.
- Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yande, ifakwe kahle, nokuphendula kwemvelo - i-alkaline. Uma izwe liqinile, udinga ukufaka ama-gramu angu-350 we-lime kwesinye isikwele.
- Inhlabathi elungiselelwe kufanele ibe nenhlabathi engadini, i-peat, isihlabathi somfula (1: 2: 1). Sithuthukisa inhlabathi empofu ngamanyolo e-organic and amaminerali: umquba obolile ngezinga lama-kilogremu angu-10 ngemitha yesikwele kanye nama-80 amagremu we-phosphate nama-potash amalungiselelo ngamunye.
I-Euphorbia, i-aster, i-verbascum, i-veronica, i-gaillardia, i-carnation, i-gelenium, i-hibiscus, i-gravilat ne-delphinium, kanye ne-European euonymus, izitshalo ezithandwayo zelanga ezithinta kakhulu ukukhanya kwelanga zibe nezimo ezinhle zokukhula.
I-Step-by-Step Instruction Landing
Uma sesinqume ukuthi isitshalo sizohlwanyelwa kuphi, qhubekele enkambweni ngokwayo, efaka phakathi Imiyalo eminingi ebalulekile:
- Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini olungiselelwe kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma phakathi kwekwindla.
- Amaviki amabili ngaphambi kokutshala sigcina imbobo. Ubukhulu bomgodi wokutshala buxhomeke ekutheni kube yi-European Euonymus. Umthamo wayo kufanele ube izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi nesigamu ezinkulu kunezimpande kanye ne-clod yomhlaba.
- Ngaphansi komgodi beka isitini esiphukile, ulale ngendwangu yeshlabathi bese wenza ingxenye yenhlabathi ephelele.
- Sinciphisa isithombo emgodini. Uma izimpande zingenawo umhlaba, zisabalalise ngobumnene phezu kobuso.
- Fafaza ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe kanye ne-gleam kahle ukususa umoya.
- Thela isitshalo kahle futhi uxoxe phansi emhlabathini nxazonke nge-sawdust noma peat.
- Phakathi nesonto siqapha umswakama womhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshalwa kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi intamo eqinile yesitshalo isezansi.
Indlela yokunakekela
I-euonymus yaseYurophu hhayi ukufuna ukunakekelwa. Into esemqoka kuye ukusika izihlahla ezinhle, ukuchelela okulungile kanye nokufaka umanyolo okwenziwe ngesikhathi, khona-ke isitshalo siyojabula ngezimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa.
Ukunisela nokukhipha
I-Euonymus ayibekezelelisi amanzi aphelile, kodwa ekwindla ukubona yonke imibhikisho yembala yamahlamvu awo, inhlabathi kufanele igcinwe enomanzi. Ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezincane zidinga ukuchelela okuvamile, okuthuthukisa nokuqinisa uhlelo lwempande, okubanika ukukhula. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngokuningi, ukuze umhlaba ugobeke ekujuleni kwesigamu semitha. Ukuze izitshalo ezindala, izinga lokunisela lingama-40 amalitha kwesikwele ngasinye.
Njengoba inhlabathi ihlanganiswe, kuyadingeka ukukhulula ungqimba ophezulu, uvumela umoya-mpilo ukuba ungene ukuze ukondle izimpande. Ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ngokubuthana nge-peat noma i-sawdust emibuthanweni yomuthi, unganciphisa inani lokuchelela, njengoba umquba ugcina umswakama isikhathi eside, futhi akudingeki ukuba kukhishwe umhlabathi nokususwa kokhula. Uma ekwindla isomile, ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuyadingeka ukuphuza i-euonymus ngobuningi ukuze isitshalo singabi nhlobo ebusika. 
Uyazi? E-Ukraine, ensimini ye-Askania-Nova ikhula i-eosklet-isibindi eside Uneminyaka engu-62 ubudala. Ukuphakama kwalesi sihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha amane, futhi umqhele ububanzi - Amamitha angu-6.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izihlahla zondla umanyolo kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye:
- Isikhathi sokuqala - entwasahlobo, lapho kufakwa imifino, udaba olusebenzayo lusetshenziswa: i-cow fermented ehlanjululwe ngamanzi (1:10) noma ama-droppings ezinyoni (1:20).
- Isikhathi sesibili - lapho isitshalo sesiphelile, sondla nge-fertilizer eyinkimbinkimbi eyinkimbinkimbi.
- Isikhathi sesithathu - ehlobo ngaphambi kokunisela, lapho u-euonymus usuvele usuqalile futhi izithelo zaqala ukwakha. Ukwandisa usayizi wabo, ezinye umquba we-phosphate-potassium zengezwa emithini yomuthi.
Ukunciphisa nokukhanda izinwele
I-euonymus yaseYurophu iphendula kahle ukusika izihlahla. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kokushisa okusebenzayo, izihlahla ezihlanzekile zonyaka zenziwa. Le nqubo ivuselela amahlumela aphelile, lapho amahlumela amasha ekhula khona. Lokhu kubuyekezwa kungenxa yokususwa kwamagatsha asomile aphukile.
Ngosizo lokusika izihlahla, ungakha i-shrub enhle noma isihlahla se-stambovoe, unike isitshalo isimo sengqondo esivumayo noma se-oval. Njengoba izithelo zalesi sitshalo zenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa, yenza le nqubo ngemuva kokuhluma. Phakathi nonyaka wonke, ukuze kugcinwe ifomu elidalwa, ukusika kancane kancane ngokunciphisa kanye nokugcoba kwamagatsha kwenziwa. 
Kubalulekile! I-Euonymus juice inesifo esinobuthi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kusetshenziswe izitshalo zokugaya, ukugqoka amagilavu enjoloba.
Indlela yokukhuthazelela ubusika
I-euonymus yaseYurophu - isitshalo esimelana nesithwathwa ngakho-ke, lima iqhwa phansi -25 ° C ngaphandle kokuhlala endaweni yokushisa eqhwa. Ochwepheshe batusa ikwindla sekwephuzile ukubeka i-mulch ezungeze isiqu bese uyimboza kusuka phezulu ngenhlamvu noma utshani, ukuze ungafaki izimpande. Izitshalo ezincane (kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ubudala) zidinga indawo yokukhosela egcwele. Izithombo kufanele zikhishwe kancane ngezintambo futhi zihlanganiswe nanoma yiziphi izinto zokugqoka, isibonelo, i-agrofibre noma i-sacking.
Ngaphandle kwesihlahla se-spindle, izitshalo ezinamakhaza nazo: i-lilac, i-spirea, i-turf emhlophe, i-barberry, i-mountain ash (ebomvu), i-viburnum ne-cherry yasendle.
Indlela yokubhekana nezifo ezikhona kanye nezinambuzane
Ukuze kubhujiswe izinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukuthi uphathe njalo ngezilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni kanye namakhambi omuntu.
Izinambuzane ze-Euonymus ziyi:
- Spider mite - umonakalo amahlamvu, okuyinto ke omile. Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kuyabonakaliswa ukubonakala kwamagwebhu emagatsheni. Ukucubungula sebenzisa isisombululo sensipho noma ugwayi.
- I-Aphid - idla ijusi lamaqabunga. Amagatsha awonakele ahlongozwa ngesisombululo se-colloidal sulfur noma izinambuzane zezimboni.
- Ama-Euonymus moth - amacimbi avela emaqanda abekayo, adle amahlamvu. Zivuna ngesandla futhi entwasahlobo zifakwe nge-anti-insecticidal preparation, isibonelo, Inta-Vir.
- I-Necrosis ye-cortex. Ngenxa yomkhuhlane we-fungus, ama-shrivels nama-cracks, okuholela ekuwa kwemahlamvu. Ukulwa nokuchitha imithombo yasentwasahlobo ukucubungula izitshalo Bordeaux liquid.
- Idonsa likaMealy. Amafomu amaqhwa amaqabunga emaqabunga, bese-ke aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa. Sula isitshalo esibulalayo ngezidakamizwa ezingenayo i-antitifungal kathathu nge-interval of days 8.
- I-stem ibolile. Ukwelapha isitshalo cishe akunakwenzeka. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo, ama-shrub kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) aphathwa ngesisombululo esisodwa sephesenti se-Bordeaux ingxube.
Emva kokuzijwayeza ngalesi sitshalo esingenamahloni, nezimo zokutshala nokulima, abalimi abaningi bazofuna ukutshala i-euonymus esakhiweni sabo, bese benza ukwakheka kwangempela nayo. Izojabula ekwindla ngomsindo wemibala, futhi ebusika, ngemuva kwesiqhwa, izithelo zombala obomvu obomvu ezilenga emagatsheni.
