Ibhizinisi lezolimo ngezimo zanamuhla likhula ngokushesha. Ukuvuna okusheshayo nokulula, izindlela ezehlukene zobuchwepheshe, amayunithi asebenzayo nemishini esetshenziswayo. Ukuvuna okusanhlamvu nezitshalo zefolda manje akunakwenzeka ukucabanga ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu zezinhlamvu. Esihlokweni sethu, sizobheka lokho okushiwo ikhanda lomqulu, yiziphi izinhlobo zazo kanye namamodeli athandwayo.
Incazelo nenjongo
Ake sibone ukuthi umvuni uvunguza yini. Umvuni ungumvuno wokusanhlamvu oklanyelwe ukuvuna izitshalo, kanye nokubeka isivuno esinqumeni noma ukuyihambisa emshinini wokubhula inhlanganisela. 
Ukuqoqa abavuni abanjengoDon-1500 no-Niva SK-5 bavame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvuna izitshalo zokusanhlamvu.
Lezi zinyunithi zisetshenziselwa ukuvuna izitshalo zokusanhlamvu, ngezinhlobo zezitshalo. Kukhona futhi izinhloko ezikhethekile zokuvuna i-sunflower kanye nommbila. Zonke zihlukile ngokuklanywa. 
Uyazi? Ezolimo zivela e-X millennium BC. Ukuguqulwa kokuqala kwezolimo kwenzeka lapho izizwe ezimilayo ziqala ukulima. Futhi eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu kuphela kamuva, uhlelo lokuqala lokunisela umhlabathi lwavela.
Ngenxa yokuklama kwayo, ikhanda liyi-wave:
- ikhiqiza umqulu wekhwalithi enhle;
- unomkhiqizo omkhulu;
- kunciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nokuvuna okuhlukile;
- ayidingi ukunakekelwa okubizayo nokunzima;
- esetshenziselwa izinhlanganisela ezahlukene zanamuhla;
- ukuvuna ngokushesha nokuphumelelayo ngokulahlekelwa okuncane.
Izici zokuklama kanye nomgomo wokusebenza
Umvuni angase abe ngumuntu obala, futhi angase abe yipulatifomu. Kuye ngalokhu, isimiso sokusebenza sihlukile kakhulu. 
Isihloko se-platform sisetshenziselwa kuphela ukutshala izitshalo. Isihloko se-auger singasetshenziswa ezinhlokweni ezimbili:
- ukuhlanganisa ngokuqondile;
- ukuvunwa okuhlukile.
Idivayisi iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- izinsimbi zokusika;
- i-reel;
- amabhande wokudlulisa;
- ukulayisha iwindi;
- umzimba ozinzile;
- indawo yokuhlala;
- umzila wokuhamba;
- ukulinganisa indlela.
Isimiso sokusebenza kwezixhobo zokusebenza kanje: i-reel iletha izitshalo zezitshalo ezigumbini zokusika, futhi igcina iziqu ezinqubo zokusika. Ngokuqhubekayo izixhobo zokusika zomvunyi zinciphisa iziqu zesitshalo njengezikali. Khona-ke inqwaba ehlanganisiwe ihamba ngaphakathi kwesikhulumi. Umthumeli uhambisa izitshalo ezifakwe emanzini athile ukuze kulayishwe iwindi. Lapho, iziqu zifakwa emigqumeni futhi zilayishwe ezihlahleni.
Kunoma yimuphi umlimi omncane i-motoblock iyoba ngumsizi obalulekile emsebenzini wakhe. Funda ngalezi zinhlobo zama-tillers: Neva MB 2, Salyut 100, Zubr JR-Q12E.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlawulo eziningana zezinhlobo zama-header roller, kuye ngokuthi indawo yazo, ukusebenza kanye nenjongo. Indawo yedivayisi yilezi kulandelwa, iphakanyisiwe futhi ukuzikhandla. Zithinteka ekuhlanganiseni, ugandaganda noma i-chassis yokuzimela. Kuye ngeyunithi yokusika, izihloko zihamba phambili futhi zihlangene. Futhi, amadivaysi ahlukene aklanyelwe ukuvuna izitshalo ezahlukene, kukhona kokubili izinhlobo zomhlaba jikelele kanye nezici ezikhethekile. 
Kuye ngokubunjwa kwe-roll, zihlukaniswe zibe yi-single-flow, double-flow and flow-three.
Ukuqala kokubeka ukubeka kungaphandle kobubanzi bokubamba. Ukugeleza kabili ewindini lokuphumayo, elitholakala ekugcineni kwesiteji, yakha umgodi. Ngakho-ke, umfudlana owodwa wezitshalo ezitshaliwe ukhiwa ngumthumeli wedivaysi, okwesibili, ubeka efasiteleni lokukhishwa kweyunithi ngemuva kweyunithi yokusika.
Ama-subspecies wokugcina alawa madivaysi enza i-swath efasiteleni eliphakathi, nganoma yikuphi lapho abathumele khona khona, ukudala ukugeleza kokubili okuzayo, kuyilapho ukugeleza kokugcina kuvela efasiteleni lokuphuma.
Uyazi? I-patent yokuqala ye-sweeper eyinkimbinkimbi ehlangene, ngesikhathi esisodwa isusa isinkwa esiyibhula futhi sihlanza okusanhlamvu emanzini, kusho uS. Lane ngo-1828 e-United States. Kodwa umbhali akakwazanga ukwakha le moto. Ukuhlanganiswa kwakhiwa okokuqala ngabaqambi be-E. Briggs no-E. J. Carpenter eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva ngo-1836.
Iphihliwe
Abavuni abafake uhlobo olwenziwe benziwa ngendlela yama-buses ebhakisini elizimele elihlangene noma i-trekta.
Imisebenzi yezolimo ayikwazi ukucabanga ngaphandle kwegrekta. Funda kabanzi mayelana nalezi zinhlobo zamatrakta: T-25, T-30, T-150, T-170, MTZ-1221, MTZ-892, MTZ-80, i-Belarus-132n, i-K-700, i-MT3 320, i-MT3 82 K-9000.
Lolu hlobo lwamadivaysi lubuthwe endaweni yesikhulumi se-frame, okuyinto encike ekukopheni izicathulo, okuqinisekisa ukuhlala njalo kweyunithi ngaphezu kwenhlabathi.
Okulandelayo, sibheka idivayisi yalolu hlobo lwezinyunithi. Abathengi abaphakanyisiwe bahlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Isikhulu esiphezulu. Leli qembu lapho ukunyakaza okuzayo okwakhiwa kwamakhiwe, okwenziwe ngensimbi ensimbi noma ensimbi enamandla, kunquma iziqu zezitshalo. Leli qoqo lihlanganiswe kusuka kumgodi womunwe, uhlobo oluthile lwenjenge yemimese, ukugubha, kanye nendlela yokushayela, eyakhiwe ngokulandela iphethini yamathanga yokuxhuma. Izitshalo zezitshalo ziwela emimese ngemishini yokuqondisa, ehlanganisa ukuhlunga okuluhlaza.
Sondeza - lokhu kuyisidingo esikhethekile esiqinisekisa ukuthi ukugoba phansi kwesitshalo kuqukethe isigungu esiphezulu esibaqeda. Izitshalo ezishonile ziphathwa nge-rake reeling device, kanti izitshalo eziqondile zihlangene ne-paddle reel. Izakhi ze unit unit spring, ukungena mass stem, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukukhulisa izitshalo ukusika. Ukuze uphakamise iziqu ezinamathele ezitshalo ezikhanyayo nezitshalo, kusetshenzwa izigubhu zokudonsa.
Amadivaysi ezokuthutha ane-belt-belt noma i-plain belt uhlobo thuthela izitshalo ezibekwe phansi kwindiza ye-ejection. Uma kuhlanganiswa uhlobo oluqondile, iziqu ziya ngqo kudivayisi yokubhula.
Indlela yokulawula. Ukuphakama kwe-stems kanye nokuphakama kwe-reel kulawulwa yizingqimba zangaphandle zangaphakathi kuka-10-35 cm. Ukujikeleza kokushayela kwamagatsha okuphatha kanye nabathumeli bevela ku-PTO ye-chassis yokuzimela.
Ilandelwe
Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi, ngokuphambene nokuphakanyiswa, lugwetshwe ku-hitch ngemuva kwegrekta. Idizayini yezinsimbi ezilandelwayo nezithuthukile zifana kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ezinhlokweni ezilandelwayo i-unit unit ixhunywe ngomshini we-trailer ohlangene, futhi okushiwo yizicathulo ezifakelwa amasondo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye ezilandelwayo zihanjiswa eceleni kwetractorta, okuvumela ukuvuna okuguquguqukayo, ngoba ukuhlanganiswa kudinga isikhala esengeziwe sokuhamba nokuhlala kwendawo. 
Ukuzivocavoca
Lolu hlobo lwekhanda lunezikhungo zamandla kanye nendlela yokuhamba. Leli yunithi umshini ohlukile wezolimo, onamakhanda akhethiwe. Inqubo enjalo ngokuvamile ihloselwe ukuvuna isivuno esincane. Uma ukusetshenziswa kokuhlanganiswa okugcwele kungalungile ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwamapayipi, abavuni abazibophezelayo basebenzisa, okuzovumela ukuvuna emasimini amancane, ngenkathi kulondolozwa kwimishini esetshenzisiwe. 
Amamodeli athandwayo (incazelo nezici)
Ngokulandelayo sibheka izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zabavuni zokuhlanganisa, izici zabo kanye nokwahlukana okukhulu.
I-†ВП-4.9
Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuvuna lubhekisela kuhlobo olulandelwe. Kuhloswe ukuhlwanyela okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, kanye nezitshalo zokusanhlamvu. Ukwengeza, le nunithi ibeka ubukhulu obunwetshiwe kumqulu owodwa oqhubekayo. Kunconywa ukuthi isebenze i-GVP-4.9 kunoma yiziphi izindawo zokungcebeleka lapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlanza zisetshenziswa. Abathengi balolu hlobo balula kakhulu ukusebenza nokuthembeka. 
Lolu hlobo lunezici zokusebenza zezinhlobo ze-scissor, ezakha ngaphambili ukusebenza kwamamitha angu-4.9. Lezi zixhobo zezolimo zilinganisa amathani ayi-1.545 futhi zibeka (ukuhlanza) okusanhlamvu nezitshalo utshani kuze kufinyelele kumahektha angu-2.8, inejubane lokuhamba kwe-10 km / h.
I-†ВП-6.4
Uhlelo lokuvunwa okusanhlamvu i-ZHVP-6.4 luyijubane eliphezulu futhi lugqamisa okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu kanye nosanhlamvu, bese lubeka futhi ku-roller counter-flow roller. Faka isicelo kule divayisi ekuhlanganiseni okuphezulu. Idivayisi enjalo ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izingxenye zezulu. I-ZhVP-6.4 inciphisa izindleko zokuhlanzwa okuhlukene, futhi ibuye ikuvumele ukuthi ukhulule inhlanganisela ekusebenzeni ngezinhloko ze-roller futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ulayishe izimoto.
Ububanzi bedivaysi ngamamitha angu-6.4 futhi ikuvumela ukuba ufeze ukukhiqiza kuze kube ngu-5.4 ha / h. Idivayisi enjalo inesisindo esingu-2050 kg. 
I-ZhVP ene-rod drive ye-MKSH
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zihlukile kuzo zonke ngokufaka i-rod yokuxhuma i-MKSH (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-Schumacher"), lapho izingxenye zommese zikhona khona nge-cutting edge bevel noma phezulu. Ukulungiswa okunjalo kuhle ngoba kubangele ukugcinwa okungcono kwezitshalo ezivunyiwe ngesikhathi sokusika, futhi kuvimbela iziqu ekuqiniseni phakathi kokusika.
Kubalulekile! Ukunquma ikhanda elinesihloko esinjalo kunciphise kakhulu, ukulungiswa kwamaphethelo okusika kunciphisa kakhulu ukulungiswa kweyunithi yokusika.
I-†ВП-4.9 А
I-subspecies yomvuni olandelwayo u-ZhVP-4.9 yadalwa ukuze kuhlwanyele okusanhlamvu nokusanhlamvu bese uwabeka emgqeni owodwa wokugeleza. Lezi zixhobo zisetshenziselwa indlela ehlukile yokuvuna, kumatekisi we-MTZ, "uJohn Deere" nezinye izinto. I-ZhVP-4.9 A inikeza: izinga elihle lokuhlanza emandleni amakhulu; ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kokugaya nokukhethwa; kulula ukusebenza. 
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sakhiwo sezolimo kuzosinciphisa kakhulu isikhathi kanye nezindleko zabasebenzi zokuhlanzwa okuhlukile. Ifakiwe:
- umshini wokusika umunwe;
- drive ethembekile kakhulu (inikeza isivinini esikhulu sokuhlanza);
- i-draw bar retractable, futhi ishintshe indawo yenkxaso, eyenza lula ukudluliselwa kwekhanda endaweni yokuthutha futhi emuva;
- i-shaft transmission shaft, elula kakhulu ukulungisa.
I-†ВП-9.1
Amadivaysi alolu hlobo asetshenziselwa, njengombuso, ezindaweni ezinamapulazi ezinomkhiqizo omncane noma ophakathi. I-†ВП-9.1 iyinhlokweni ebanzi, futhi yanda ukuphuma. Kufana kakhulu nokwakhiwa kwe-model ВVP-6.4, kodwa futhi kunezici ezithile ezihlukile, ngosizo lapho ukuvunwa kwesitshalo esikhula kancane kulula khona. Ngosizo lwe-ЖВП-9.1 isivuno sokusanhlamvu nezitshalo zokusanhlamvu nokubeka izitshalo emgqeni omkhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ZHVP-9.1 kuthuthukisa umsebenzi womnyango wezokuthutha, kuzokwenza umsebenzi womshini wemishini, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Ukuphakama kwe-header kuyinto ngamasentimitha angu-8-20, ububanzi bokubamba buyi-9.1 wamamitha. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-washer yokudonsa, ukusebenza kwedivayisi kungamahektha ayi-8 ngehora, futhi ijubane lokusebenza liyi-9 km / h.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini yokulima eyenza inani elikhulu lababhikishi. Emva kokufunda lesi sihloko futhi ufunde ukuthi leyo njenga njengesihlokweni se-roll, inezinhlobo eziningi zemisebenzi ehlukene, nakanjani uzokwenza inqubo yokuvuna iphumelele ngokwengeziwe.
Umlimi oyimifino udinga imishini yokulima, njengokuthi: umlimi, umlimi, umlimi wezambane noma ifosholo ene-screw, ukuze asebenze kahle ezweni lakhe.
