Ummbila ungenye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu ezitshalwe kwezolimo kumazwekazi ayisihlanu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi siko - esinye sezindala zasendulo futhi sisetshenziswe ekudleni. Isibonelo, umhlalaphansi waseMexico udla cishe 90 kg ngonyaka, futhi ohlala e-United States - 73 kg. Ummbila, njengoba lo mkhiqizo ubizwa emazweni amaningi, udliwe hhayi kuphela ngabantu, futhi wondliwa ngemfuyo. Iqukethe inani elikhulu le-starch kanye nenamba ewusizo kanye nezakhi. Cabanga ngezindlela zokuvuna ummbila wokusanhlamvu kanye nesililage, ngayinye yayo inezinhlamvu zayo.
Umthelela wokwenza isikhathi ngekhwalithi nobuningi
Ikhwalithi nomthamo wokuvunwa okusanhlamvu noma okusanhlamvu kuzothinteka ngesikhathi sokuvuna nemishini esetshenziselwa lokhu. Kulezi zici kuzoxhomeka kwimingcele efana nalokhu:
- ukulahlekelwa okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu;
- inani lamabele okusanhlamvu;
- izikhala zomswakama.
Uyazi? Ummbila awuwona nje umkhiqizo wokudla wabantu nezilwane. Ibuye isetshenziswe ekwenzeni amapende, upende, ipulasitiki, iglue, utshwala, izimonyo.
Kunezincomo ezithuthukisiwe zesikhathi esifanele nesikhathi sokuvuna ummbila, ukuhambisana nokuthi kunganciphisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa (ngeke kudlule u-2-2.5%) futhi kufinyelele umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephezulu. 
Ukulahlekelwa ngokukhethekile ngesikhathi sokuqandisa izitshalo zommbila futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuphakamisa umswakama. Ukusanhlamvu kuthatha umswakama, ama-cobs ayanzima, futhi, ngokufanele, isitshalo sesitshalo siyaphonsa. Ngenxa yalokho, sifake izitshalo noma ama-cobs okugcoba, okuyinto enzima ukususa ngamasu. Futhi umkhiqizo ngokwawo ubonakalisiwe, ukubamba izifo ezimweni ezinjalo ezinhle.
Ngakho, uma isikhathi sokuvuna sekwephuzile, ukulahlekelwa okusanhlamvu kuzothuthukisa izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyoba nenani elikhulu lokungcola, okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu. Izinto ezinjalo ngeke zisakwazi ukufika, futhi ukuthengiswa kwayo kuzoba phansi kakhulu. 
Isimo esibalulekile sokuqoqa isivuno sekhwalithi eliphezulu kuyindlela efanele. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthi ulungise kahle ukuphakama kweziqu - kubalulekile ukuthi ulungiswe ezingeni lika-10-15 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Isimo esinjalo sizovimbela ukusabalala kwenkathazo yesundu senhlamvu.
Funda ukuthi ukuqoqa kahle kanjani ukolweni obusika, i-rhubarb, u-buckwheat, i-beet kanye ne-izaqathe.
Abalimi, ukuze basuse lesi sitshalo sezinhlamvu, sebenzisa ukuqoqa abavuni (kuzo zonke izinhlobo), ezinamadivaysi okubhula ama-tangential noma axial.
Ummbila uvuna okusanhlamvu ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ukusika i-cob (noma ngaphandle kokuhlanza);
- ukubhula okusanhlamvu.
Futhi, ikhanda lingashintshwa ngemigqa engu-4-8 yamadivaysi okuvuna ukudla, okuvumela ukuba ususe ama-cob bese uphonsa utshani ensimini efomini lomhlabathi. Lokhu kutholakala ngomsebenzi wokusika amathuluzi ngaphansi kokuhlanganiswa.Esigodini, isivuno sokhula sivunwa ukudla nokuhlwanyela imbewu, ngohlamvu lwe-fodder.
Isitshalo se-silage sivunwa ngumvunyi wezitshalo ezihlukanisa futhi zihlwitha iziqu bese ziphonsa emotweni. 
Nini ukuvuna ummbila
Isikhathi nesikhathi sokuvuna kwesitshalo sezinhlamvu, inqubo yokuvuna kanye nemishini esetshenzisiwe iyohlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izovunwa yini okusanhlamvu noma isililage.
Ngokuba okusanhlamvu
Ngalendlela yokuvuna, izinhloso eziyinhloko kufanele zilahlekelwe futhi zilimaze izinto zokusanhlamvu ngokuncane ngangokunokwenzeka, kanye nokuvuna ummbila ngephesenti enkulu kunazo zonke yendaba eyomile. Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngu:
- ukuhlanza ngesikhathi;
- ukutshala ama-hybri anqabile ukulala;
- ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu futhi obuhlelwe kahle.
Isikhathi sokuhlanza kufanele sibe ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukuntuleka, njengomthetho, inhlamvu enemibandela yokuvuthwa ehlukene ihlwanyelwa.
Kubalulekile! Ungashiyi okusanhlamvu ensimini kuze kube sekwindla. Lokhu kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi kuzoba nengculaza kakhulu ngezifo ze-fungal, futhi imbewu izolahlekelwa ikhono layo lokuhluma uma liboniswa iqhwa.Ukutshala ku-cob ehlanzekile kuhlanganisa "amaKhersonets-7", "amaKhersonets-200" KSKU-6, KOP-1. Futhi, ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kungafinyelelwa uma kusetshenziselwa ukuvuna ikhanda lekhanda. Ngosuku olulodwa, okuhlanganiswayo kungasusa amahektha angu-5 okutshala. Izidingo ze-Agrotechnical zokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu:
- ukusika ukuphakama - 10-15 cm;
- ukuphelela kokuqoqa ama-cob ngaphandle kokuhlanza - 96.5%;
- i-cobs ephukile - ayikho ngaphezu kuka-2%;
- izinga lokuhlanza ama-cobs - 95%;
- izinga lokuhlanza okusanhlamvu - 97%;
- ukulahlekelwa okusanhlamvu kokuhlanganiswa - 0.7%;
- I-Nedomolot - 1.2%;
- ukuchoboza - 2.5%;
- ukutholakala kokusanhlamvu ku-silo kungu-0.8%.
On silo
Ukuhlanzwa kwe-silage nakho kuxhomeke ekutheni izinga lazo zikhula kanjani. Ubuningi obuhlaza buzoba yiwona obaluleke kunazo zonke futhi obunomsoco, lapho ummbila usufinyelele izinga lokuvuthwa okweqile ekugcineni kwesigaba se-milky-waxy. Umswakama we-Leaf ngalesi sikhathi uzoba ngezinga lika-65-70% (okusanhlamvu - 35-55%), bayoba ne-asidi elinganisiwe nokuqukethwe okweshukela okwanele. Izinhlamvu kule nkathi zizobuthelela inani eliphakeme le-starch. 
Ekuhlanzeni kokuqala ngesi-silo kuyoba nezakhi ezincane kakhulu. Njengoba ukugaya okudlulile, ubukhulu be-silage buyoba nzima futhi bumile. Futhi uma okuqukethwe okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okwedlulele okungaphezu kuka-30% we-silage kuzokwenziwa kabi yizinkomo. Ngenkathi, isibonelo, esiteji sokuvuthwa kwe-waxy, ubukhulu obuluhlaza buzokwazi ukuhlinzeka izinkomo ngamandla ngamaphesenti angama-20 futhi kungathinteki umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza ubisi.
Kubalulekile! Uma isitshalo sesitshalo sinqamule, kuyadingeka ukususa umthamo oluhlaza okweluhlaza izinsuku ezinhlanu. Esikhathini esizayo, ngeke kulungele kulezi zinhloso.Ukuvuna ummbila we-silage kungenziwa ngohlobo lwe-KSS-2.6 oluhlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwesevisi ye-PNP-2.4 eyengeziwe nge-pick-up ebekwe kuyo, ukuqoqa imiqulu nokugaya. Ngephasi elilodwa, inhlanganisela yokuzikhiphezela iveza ukugaya, ukusika imifino nokuyilayisha emotweni.
Izidingo ze-Agrotechnical for silage yokuvuna:
- ukusika ukuphakama - 10 cm;
- ukulahlekelwa kobuningi obuhlaza obuningi bokuhlanganisa - 1.5%;
- inani lezinhlayiyana ezide ubude lifunwa ngu-70%.
Izimo zokugcina
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina ummbila:
- emgqonyeni;
- ekuvuneni.
Ngaphambi kokubeka ama-cob for storage, kumele bahlungwe ngokucophelela, amaqabunga asuswe futhi asomile kahle kumswakama we-13-14%.
Ama-granules for storage adluliselwa ezitsheni zepulasitiki, amabhokisi amakhadibhodi noma izikhwama zendwangu. Uma kufakwe esikhwameni, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azigculwanga ngomswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho imbewu izolahlekelwa amandla abo okukhula. Ummbila ngale ndlela ugcinwa ezindaweni ezingasetshenziswanga. Ukuphila kweShelf yiminyaka emibili. Umswakama walo akufanele ube ngaphezu kuka-13%.
Zijwayele ngezindlela zokugcina ezinye izitshalo ezidumile: izaqathe, u-anyanisi, utamatisi, u-garlic, ama-apula, ukhukhamba, amazambane kanye ne-beet.
Ungagcina futhi okusanhlamvu kwifomu ekheniwe, ngoba kuleli cala azilahlekelwa izakhiwo zabo eziwusizo kanye nenani lomsoco. Ngale ndlela, ungagcina okusanhlamvu ngomswakama ka-30%.
Uyazi? Ummbila ungakhula umuntu kuphela - utshalwe imbewu. Asikho isitshalo esinjalo endle..Ekhaya, indawo enhle yokugcina ummbila wonke iwufriji namahrifri. Ezikhwameni esiqandisini, ama-cobs ahlanjululwe kahle futhi agwetshiwe emanzini anosawoti futhi acidified ngejamu lemon izinsuku ezingu-10.
Esikhathini samahhala, ama-cobs afakwa ngemuva kokwelashwa kwangaphambi - uketshelwa ngokuhlukile eqhwa nasemanzini ashisayo abilayo imizuzu emibili noma emithathu. Bese bome kakhulu futhi behlanganiswe ngokunamathela ifilimu. Ngakho ummbila uzoba nomningi omkhulu wezakhi nemithi ewusizo futhi ungagcinwa sonke isikhathi sasebusika.
Ummbila umkhiqizo obalulekile ekudleni komuntu nesilwane. Ukuze uthole izinga eliphakeme, ukudla okunomsoco nokudla okunomsoco, udinga ukuhlanza lesi sitshalo okusanhlamvu ngesikhathi sokuhlongozwa okuhlongozwayo futhi ungahambi ngaphezu kohlaka oluvunyiwe lokuvunwa isikhathi eside.
