Ama-Crocuses yizimbali zisetshenziswa ezikhula cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zezulu. Ama-bulbs amakhulu akhiqiza inqwaba yamaqabunga aluhlaza athambile aluhlaza kanye ne-peduncle eyodwa eminyene. Umbala wamaphalishi uyahluka kusuka kokumhlophe obilayo kuya kofihlo omnyama nokugqwala. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kunezinhlobo ezimbili: intwasahlobo nokwindla.
Ama-primroses awanambitheki futhi ajabulisa iso, lapho nje iqhwa liwa. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezifika emuva kwesikhashana zifunwa kakhulu kumswakama, ekushiseni kwenhlabathi nasekugqokeni okuphezulu. Ukutshala nokunakekela izitshalo kudinga ulwazi oluthile namakhono omtshali. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-crocuses esakhiweni sakho somuntu noma sendlu, kungcono ukuzijwayezela ngokuningiliziwe ngezimpawu zezindawo zokuhlala ezingezansi, ubuqili bokukhula nesikhathi esifanele sokutshala izimbali.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Akuzona zonke izingulule eziqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza lapho izihlahla sezivele zidonsa amahlamvu, kanti izitshalo ezinkulu eziningi ze-herbaceous sezivele zaphela futhi zabuna. Endaweni eyodwa, ungahlanganisa zombili izinhlobo. Lapho-ke izinkomishi zethenda zizohlangana nentwasahlobo obekulindwe ngayo, bese zibheka ehlobo.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi zikhonjisiwe etafuleni.
| Isikhathi sezimbali | Igama leCrocus | Incazelo |
| Ntwasahlobo | Ntwasahlobo | I-lilac ethambile, ngesinye isikhathi enombala omnyama onsomi, imvamisa itholakala endalweni ye-Alps. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizindawo ezingaphansi: Ukulwa kweNigro kanye nerekhodi le-Flower, uKlaus, uPickwick. |
| Izimbali ezimbili (IsiScotish) | Imibala kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onama-brown brown veins. Ama-Florists akhetha ama-nzalo: U-Alexandri, uParkinson, uDorothy, u-Albus no-Fairy. | |
| Korolkova | Ama-petals ama-orange aqhakazile anemithambo ebomvu ahlukanisa le subspecies yase-Central Asia. Ukuzalaniswa kwe-Hybrid kwakuzibandakanya eSoviet Union, ngakho-ke anamagama anjengalawa: Udumo kuSamarkand, uKiss waseNtwasahlobo, eTiger. | |
| Isigebengu | Amaphara waphela ngaphandle, mhlophe ngokukhanyayo ngaphakathi nesikhungo ophuzi. | |
| Sieber | Izimbali ezithanda ukufudumala nezihlwaya ngombala wemibala emithathu enomnyombo we-orange. Abafuyi bahlukanisa izinhlobo: iBowlesis emhlophe, i-Atticus, iTricolor, iSikhulu. | |
| Adamu | Ifakwe kusukela emazansi ezansi kweCaucasus, iDagestan ne-Iran. Kunemibala ehlukahlukene. | |
| UTomazini | I-subspecies yasendle ekhula eHungary kanye nasezindaweni eziphansi zeYugoslavia. Ama-petals yi-lilac-pink, ngemuva kokuvula, iba njengenkanyezi. I-bulb eyodwa ingakhiqiza ama-peduncle afinyelela kwayi-6. Ama-nzalo athandwa kakhulu: I-Laylek Ubuhle ne-Whitewell Purple, Giant. | |
| UGolide | Endle, lawa ngamaqabunga amancanyana acishe angafakwanga okwakha i-inflorescence enkulu ephuzi. Kusakazwa kabanzi e-Asia naseBalkan. Abafuyi bakhipha izinhlobo eziningi ezinhle zendebe enemibala emihle ebunjiwe: I-Blue Pearl, i-Princess Beatrix, i-Blue Bonnet, i-Cream Beauty, iMarietta, u-Violet Queen, iSchwanenburg Bronze, ama-Bowels, i-Nanatt, i-Lady Killer. | |
| Izimbali ezinkulu zaseDashi | Lezi iziqhwaga zangempela zomhlaba wama-primroses. Imibala yamaswidi egqamile kusuka ku-lemon ophuzi kuya ku-fluorescent onsomi. Kunezindlela eziningi ezimbalwa zokubhaliswa kwalezi zimbali zasentwasahlobo. Okudume kakhulu: Albion, Vangard, Jubilee, Sniper Banner, Zonatus, Kathleen Parlow. | |
| Okuphuzi | Izimbali zingama-orange agqamile, amaqabunga mancane, ingxenye engenhla ye-bulb iphakama ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. | |
| Ukuwa | Muhle | Ihluka ngamaqabunga amade kufika amasentimitha angama-30. Umbala wazo zonke izithunzi kugradient ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokumnyama okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-hybrists ayizintandokazi abizwa ngokuthi: ama-Albus no-Artabir. |
| Umuhle | Ama-subspecies amelana neqhwa anezinkomishi ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezibucayi ezine-veins emnyama ngaphandle kwama-petals. | |
| I-Banat | Izinhlobonhlobo ezibubende ezimnyama ezinamaqabunga abukhali esiliva eluhlaza. | |
| Umbhali ovuthayo | Ama-inflorescence amathenda ahlanzekile aseduze kwe-bulb. | |
| I-Blueflower | Izinhlobonhlobo zobuhle obunqabile obunama-inflorescence ansomi. | |
| Izimbali ende | Izinhlobo ezifika maduze ukuqhuma ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi. Ngama-peduncle amade, amaqabunga mancane, acindezelwe kakhulu ku-bulb. | |
| Kufinyiwe | Enye yezinhlobo esezimbali kakhulu sekwephuze kakhulu, ivula amacembe ayo ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. | |
| ISaffron | Enye yezinhlobo ezibiza kakhulu, ezinhle nezinhle. Ifanele iphunga layo elibushelelezi kanye ne-stamens, okuyi-spice exotic. |
Ukufika ekwindla ekwindla
Ama-Crocuses atshalwe emhlabathini olungiselelwe ovulekile kakhulu ekwindla. Kodwa-ke, ukufika emhlabeni entwasahlobo nasehlobo kungenzeka. Ngokuya ngenkathi nesikhathi sezimbali zezinhlobonhlobo, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho yokulungiselela ama-bulbs futhi uwanakekele ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu.
Ukukhetha imbewu
Ingxenye yempumelelo ekukhuliseni izingwenya kubhekwa njengokukhetha okulungile nokulungiswa kokutshala izinto. Kungcono ukuthenga ama-bullet kubahlinzeki abathembekile, ezikhungweni ezinkulu zensimu noma ezinkulisa.
Abathengisi abangavumelekile ezimakethe nakuma-fairs kwesinye isikhathi banikela ngezinhlobo ezincane ezikhula zasendle esikhundleni sazozalo ezinkulu ezigeleza amabhlogo, nokuqhakaza okuvela ekwindla esikhundleni sama-primroses.
Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwembewu akufanele kubonise noma yiziphi izimpawu zokulimala, ukubola, izilonda noma ukusikeka. I-anyanisi iqinile ekuthinteni. Kusuka onyakeni wokuqala, amasampula amakhulu abantu abadala azoqhakaza kahle kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, ama-bulbs kumele acutshungulwe ku-potassium permanganate noma ku-fungicides e-liquid. Lokhu kuzovikela izithombo nezimpande ezondile ezifweni zokukhunta kanye ne-corm. Kwanele ukubamba impahla esitsheni ngesisombululo kusuka imizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengxenye yehora. Hlanza umkhiqizo awudingekile.
Izinsuku zokutshala Autumn
Ukutshala embhedeni wezimbali kwenziwa ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala. Ngokuya ngendawo yesimo sezulu, uSepthemba no-Okthoba bathathwa njengezinyanga ezinhle kakhulu.
Indawo
Imvamisa, ekutshaleni izingwenya, indawo enelanga iyakhethwa ngaphandle kokuqina komswakama. Ungaphula umbhede wezimbali ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezincane, uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobo zasentwasahlobo. Iqiniso ngukuthi isikhathi esisebenzayo sezitshalo zabo siwela kulezo zinyanga lapho kungekho makhasi ezihlahleni.
Kubalulekile ukuthi izakhiwo noma izinto zokuhlobisa zingadali umthunzi owengeziwe. Ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okwanele, ama-buds ngeke avule.
Izimbali ezintekenteke, naphezu kokumelana kwazo namakhaza neqhwa, azibekezeleli imimoya enamandla nokusalungiswa. Kungcono ukuthi ubakhombele izigaba eziphakathi nendawo ezithulile zensimu.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
AmaCrocus athande inhlabathi evulekile, enamanzi amaningi. I-flowerbed yalezi zimbali idinga ukumba kahle, futhi yengeze i-peat, umquba wesitshalo obolile, isihlabathi somfula. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-PH ingakhethi ibheke ohlangothini lwe-acid. Ama-Crocuses afa emhlabathini one-acidified. Kungcono ukwengeza umlotha enhlabathini enjalo.
Umanyolo weNitrogen awusetshenziselwa ukondla izingwenya, kepha i-potassium ne-phosphorus kuzoba kufanelekile.
Ukunisela ngokweqile kanye nokuqina komswakama kufanele kugwenywe. Emhlabathini omanzi, ama bulunda ayabola futhi ayagula.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, ama-overgrown ama-layered nge-carpet ngisho nezimbali agcwalisa umbhede wezimbali. Ngobuningi bezitshalo, kuzodingeka atshalwe. Isibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuthi izingwenya zidinga ukuncipha ukunciphisa usayizi we-calyx.
Iphethini yokufakelwa
Lapho zibekwa emhlabathini ovulekile, ama ama aqinile impela. Ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-3-5 lizobe lanele ukuze izitshalo zingaphazamisani futhi zinikeze amahlumela endodakazi.
Ukujula lapho imbewu icwiliswa kuyo kuya ngosayizi wayo. Izikhwebu ezinkulu zimbiwa ngo-10-15 cm, amasampula amancane ngo-5-7. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubukhulu bukhulu benhlabathi ngaphezu kwaphezulu akufanele budlule ubude be-2-3 be-bulb.
Ngemuva kokutshala, indawo iniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi. Lapho-ke imbali yezimbali ihlanganiswe ngotshani, amagxolo noma amaqabunga omile ukuze izitshalo zingaboli.
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ukuphakama kwesendlalelo sokumboza kufanele okungenani kube amasentimitha ayi-15.
Ezindaweni lapho ama-rodents asebenza khona kaningi, kungakuhle ukutshala izingwenya kubhasikidi. Ngaphansi kwethangi kugcwele izinto zokudonsa, bese kubekwa inhlabathi evulekile bese kutshalwa ama. Babiwa emigodini ukuze umphetho ungakhuphuki ngaphezu kwesihlahla sembali.
Ukuzala
Ukusakazeka kweCrocus kungenzeka ngembewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amabhokisi asikwa ngokucophelela futhi omisiwe. Lokhu kusebenza kuphela kuma-primroses. Ama-hybrids asekwindla asenasikhathi sokuvuthwa kulayini ophakathi nendawo.
Imbewu igcinwa kuze kube nguFebhuwari. Ngenyanga yokugcina yasebusika, itshalwe emabhodweni enenhlabathi evundile. Izithombo zidluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi, ngemuva kokuqedwa kwesithwathwa emhlabathini. Izitshalo ezintsha ziyaqhakaza eminyakeni emi-5.
Ngenxa yokufunwa kwezitshalo ezisencane ezifweni zezemvelo nokunakekelwa, kungakuhle kakhulu ukwenza lo msebenzi ngokuzalanisa, ngokusebenzisa amabhuleki endodakazi.
Ukufakelwa entwasahlobo
Ekupheleni kuka-Mashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ukutshala kwe-crocus kuqala, okuzoqhakaza ekwindla. Umbhede ulungiswa kusuka kwesimo sezulu sokuqala esibandayo, sitshe kahle, sahlanganiswa futhi safakwa amanzi. Entwasahlobo, kwanele ukukhulula umhlabathi ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokubhula kweenhlamvu.
Zitshalwe ngendlela efanayo: inqwaba, kuya ekujuleni okulingana namasayizi amathathu ngobude. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza, kuncike kuzo zonke izimo, ngonyaka wokutshala.
Futhi ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, izimbali zitshalwa ngemuva kokuqunjelwa kwasekhaya. AmaCoriphou ebhodweni lasekamelweni elatshalwe ngoJanuwari -Febhuwari azokujabulisa ngezimbali ezintekenteke zeholide lango-8 Mashi. Lesi yisipho esithinta futhi esihle.
Ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho imizuzu yeqhwa enhlabathini, imbali ingathelwa kabusha emgwaqweni. Lapho, uzophelelisa umjikelezo wakhe wezitshalo, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, abuye aqhakaze.
UMnu Dachnik weluleka: amaqhinga awusizo wezingwenya ezikhulayo
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bazi izindlela zokufeza ama-inflorescence aqhakile futhi amakhulu iminyaka eminingi. Ukwenza izitshalo zikhululeke, kuyadingeka:
- Yondla kabili ngonyaka. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izindawo ezingadalulwanga inhlabathi, nisela indawo lapho izimbali zikhula khona nesixazululo se-urea noma i-ammonium nitrate. Masinyane ngaphambi noma ngokushesha emva kokuqhakaza, kuthunyelwa umquba we-potassium-phosphorus. Kuyadingeka futhi ukunikela amaminerali angeziwe nama-microelements ngoba, ngemuva kokwehlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwesibungu sikamama, i-crocus ingahle ingabi namandla anele okuqhakaza. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngalezo nzalo eziqhakaza ekwindla.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okusebenzayo, sinqume amahlamvu aluhlaza. Endaweni yabo, kuzobekwa okusha, okusho ukuthi kuzoba isikhathi eside.
- Hlola ngokucophelela amaqabunga nezimbali. Ukuvela kwamabala amnyama nokugoqa okunamathelayo kungakhombisa ukutheleleka ngama-thrips. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isitshalo esinezifo siyachithwa, inhlabathi ithululwe ngesisombululo esishisayo se-potanganum permanganate.
- Dlulisa futhi uhlakulele ama kuphela ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga esekhohliwe futhi ewile, futhi lesi sitshalo sizowela esimweni esishisayo. Lapho-ke ama -mbaji ayambiwa, omiswe, ahlelwe futhi alungiswe kusuka kuma-pathogen. Kuzokwazi ukubafaka futhi ekwindla.
- Ukukhulula ukhula lombhede wezimbali, ngenkathi uzama ukungalimazi ingxenye ethambile engaphansi komhlaba.
- Nisela umbhede wezimbali ezinyangeni ezomile zasehlobo, ngisho nangemva kokuqhakaza. Ngasikhathi sinye, vikela ukwanda.
Ukuze uthole ukhaphethi onemibala egqamile, abathandi bezimbali bayixuba imihlobiso ehlukahlukene. Izindebe, iziqu namaqabunga obukhulu obuhlukahlukene kwakha isithombe se-multilayer esithokozisa iso.
