Ama-Strawberries

I-Fusarium sitrobheli isusa: kanjani ukuvimbela nokuphatha

Namuhla, izinhlobo eziningi ze-strawberry zihlonywa. Ezinye zazo zivuthwe ekuqaleni, ziqukethe ushukela oluningi futhi zilondoloza ukubukeka kwazo, ezinye - ngesamba esikhulu ushukela ziwohloka ngokushesha futhi azibekezeleli ukuhamba nhlobo. Futhi wonke umuntu uphatha izifo ngendlela ehlukile: ezinye zikwazi ukuzivikela ngegrey and powdery isikhutha, kodwa azikho konke okumelana nazo. Kodwa cishe zonke izinhlobo zithinteka yi-Fusarium. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-phytophtora lesion yingozi, yimuphi umshini we-fusarium ushukelabhu obonakalayo, ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani - sizokutshela okuqhubekayo.

Yini eyingozi futhi ivelaphi

I-Fusarium wilt (i-Fusarium oxysporum) isifo esiyingozi kakhulu, njengoba sibangele ukutheleleka okujwayelekile kwesimungulu (kusuka ezimpandeni kuya kuwo wonke ubuso obuseduze). Isifo ikakhulukazi senziwa ehlobo uma kushisa kakhulu. Imithombo yezilonda ze-Fusarium yokhula, izitshalo ezithile zemifino kanye nomhlabathi ongcweliswe nezifo ze-fungal.

Thola indlela yokubhekana nezifo zama-strawberries, ikakhulukazi ngebala elimnyama.
I-fungus ye-parasitic Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. ex Fr./sp. i-fragariae iWinks et Williams ingasindisa impilo isikhathi eside (ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yiminyaka engu-25), ishaya izitshalo ezintsha njalo ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe zonke izitshalo zemifino zitheleleke.

Kubalulekile! Ukulahlekelwa kwemali evela kuFusarium kungaba 30-50%.

Ubonakala kanjani

Uma i-fusarium ifuna, amabala okuqala afaka amaqabunga avela emaqabunga, futhi izimpawu ze-necrosis zibonakala emaphethelweni. Amahlumela kanye nezimpondo zishintsha kancane kancane umthunzi (vula omnyama).

Uyazi? Ekuqaleni, i-Fusarium wilt yayibizwa ngokuthi "izifo ze-Lancashire" ngoba yaqala ukutholakala eLancashire ngo-1920. Isifo se-fusarium sabhalwa njengesifo esishaya ngo-1935.
Enkambeni yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo, amaqabunga aphikisiwe ngaphakathi, i-ovary iphelile ukuthuthuka esikhwameni esithintekayo, futhi esigabeni sokugcina isihlahla sihlala, i-socket iyawa, kanti isitibhisi ngokwayo siyeka ukukhula. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1.5, lesi sitshalo sifa.

Indlela yokuvimbela

Njengoba zonke izivande zamasimu zizobhekana nezifo ze-strawberry, kuzoba usizo kuwo wonke umuntu ngaphandle kokungaziwa ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuvimbela i-strawberry fusarium wilt:

  1. Uma utshala, sebenzisa kuphela izinga eliphakeme, impahla enempilo.
  2. Ngokufanele, ngokucabangela izimo zezulu, ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene.
  3. Landela isimiso sokushintsha kwezitshalo (shintsha njalo iminyaka engu 2-3 iminyaka yamasiko amasha).
  4. Yenza ukungcola kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala.
  5. Ukuhluma ama-strawberries kuphela emva kokuvunwa ngokugcwele.
  6. Njalo ulwa nokhula nezinambuzane.
Uyazi? I-chromosomes ye-strawberry yensimu kaningi izikhathi eziningana kunezo ze-strawberries zasendle. Ngakho-ke, akusho pereopolylya nganoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Ukuvimbela i-fusarium, i-lime noma i-potassium oxide ingeziwe enhlabathini. Imibhede yase Shelter nayo isizwa yi-opaque (mhlawumbe emnyama) ifilimu ye-vinyl.

Izidakamizwa ezivela ku-fusarium wilt

Uma kunezibonakaliso ze-fusarium wilt, kudingekile ukuba uhlaziye i-laboratory analysis (kuphela uzokwazi ukukhomba i-fungus ye-parasitic) futhi, uma izilonda ziqinisekiswa, qala ukulwa.

Bheka futhi indlela yokucubungula ama-strawberries ekwindla, ukuthi ungabondla kanjani ngokufanele, kanjani futhi nini ukuhlunga amaqabunga nama-mustaches, ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani ama-strawberries.

Biologics

Izindlela zokwelapha (Agat 23K, Gumate-K) ziyasebenza kangcono njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela. Bacubungula izimpande zezithombo ngaphambi kokutshala.

A isolation pathogenic F. Oxysporum, eyaqala ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngo-1991 ososayensi baseJapane iTeuka noMakino, ingasetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo.

Kubalulekile! Esigabeni sokuqala sesifo kanye nokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo "I-Trichodermin" noma "I-Phytodoc".

Amakhemikhali

Uma kwenzeka ukubhujiswa okukhulu, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i- "Fundazol", "Chorus" ne "Benorad", ephikisiwe ngama-strawberries (ungasebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa uma uphuza ithuluzi lokudonsa).

Kungenzeka yini ukulwa nesigaba esisebenzayo sokuthuthukiswa

Ochwepheshe baqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwe "Fitosporin" ngokumelene nesitshalo sefriji se-fusarium esibonakalayo. Kodwa-ke, uma izitshalo ezilimazayo zingelapheki, zisusiwe kusayithi futhi zibhujiswa. Ngemva kokuhlanza indawo, inhlabathi kufanele iphathwe nge-Nitrafen.

Kubalulekile! Uma lesi sifo sithinte sonke isitshalo se-strawberry, kungcono ukushintshela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivikelekile kule nkinga. Ukutshala kabusha ama-strawberries kuzokwenzeka emva kweminyaka emi-5-6 kuphela.

Izinhlobo eziphikisayo

Ukuze ungahlupheki umbuzo wokukhipha i-Fusarium, kufanele unikeze izintandokazi ezinhlobonhlobo eziphikisana nale fungus:

  • I-arosa;
  • "Bohemia";
  • Gorella;
  • "Judibel";
  • I-Capri;
  • "Christine";
  • "Omsk Early";
  • I-Redgontlet;
  • "Sonata";
  • "Umculi";
  • "Totem";
  • "Tristar";
  • I-Flamenco;
  • "Florence";
  • "Alice";
  • "Yamaska".
Manje uhlomile ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi yi-Fusarium nokuthi ungamelana kanjani nalo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le berry ayiguli kakhulu, okubhekwa ngayo kahle. Phela, lesi sifo kulula ukuvimbela kunokuphatha ngisho nasesiteji sokuqala.