I-Krossandra - isitshalo sezindlu esibucayi nesicathulo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezilula zokunakekelwa, akenzi iphutha elincane futhi kalula alahlekelwe umphumela walo wokuhlobisa, okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukubuyisela. Ukukhiqizwa kwezwe elihamba phambili kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili: imbewu kanye nokusika. Akuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaflorisi. Ezinhlobo ezingu-50 ezikhulayo emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela, ezigxile ekhaya - i-cross-funnel ne-prickly.
Lesi sitshalo sinenzuzo yokukhetha ukukhula ekhaya ngenxa yezimbali zalo zakuqala nangesikhathi eside, okuyinto enakekelwa kahle ihlala kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Imbali ifaneleka kahle emoyeni omanzi, ukupuniza njalo kanye nokuba khona kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini nxazonke.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Indlela enjengokusakazwa kwe-cross-imbewu enezimboni ayitholanga ukusatshalaliswa okwanele phakathi kwabalandeli balo mbali, kusukela akaqinisekisi ukulondolozwa kwezici ze-varietal. Zonke izinhlobo ze-hybrid zikhiqiza izitshalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhlwanyela imbewu ngokuphumelelayo, imbali ikhula inempilo futhi inhle, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekisa ukukhula okuhle kwazo zonke izizukulwane ezalandela. Ngokuyinhloko, isithelo saleso sitshalo linezinhlamvu ezine. 
Uyazi? I-crossander ithandwa kakhulu ezweni lakubo, eNdiya nasesiqhingini saseSri Lanka, lapho abesifazane basebenzisa izimbali zalo njengendwangu yezinwele zokuvakashelwa kwendabuko emathempelini.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokutshala
Ngokuba ukutshala kwalesi sitshalo kunconywa ukuthi uthenge imbewu ezitolo ezikhethekile zezimbali. Imbewu evuna ukuvuna yalomuntu ohlala endlini yangaphakathi ikwazi ukuhluma kahle, ngokulandelana, ayidingi ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kokutshala. Kodwa abathengi badinga ukuphathwa ngezixazululo zokuhluma ngaphambi kokutshala noma ukugcoba amahora amabili emanzini afudumele (24-25 ° C).
Substrate kanye namandla
Ukuze uthole imbewu ekhulile ekhulile ekhaya, imbewu enhle kunazo zonke ingumxube we-peat oswakanyisiwe nesihlabathi ngokufakwa kococut fiber kanye ne-sphagnum, engathengwa kalula ezitolo zensimu. Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kunomoya omuhle kakhulu wokutshala imbewu, kudlula kahle umswakama futhi kuphuthumayo ukukhula kwezinto zokutshala. Ngokokuqala ngqa, amabhokisi amancane noma izimbiza, okudingeka zihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene noma ingilazi ukusheshisa ukudubula nokugcina izinga elingaphansi lomswakama, lizofanelekela imbewu yokuhluma. 
Ukutshala imbali
Lapho izidingo ezidingekayo zembewu ekhulayo zibhekwa, izithombo zokuqala zivela phakathi kwamasonto amabili. Imbewu yeqoqo layo ikhule ngokushesha - kungakapheli amasonto angu-1-1.5. Lokhu kutholakala ngokugcina izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lika-20-22 ° C kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Iphilisi lakho lizohlotshwa nge-pentasy ekhulayo, i-calceolaria, i-royal pelargonium, i-zigokaktusy, amasheya, izinkomo, i-lantana.Ngemva kwenyanga, imbewu ehlwanyelwe idinga ukungena emiphakathini emincane ehlukene. Ngemuva kwesinye inyanga, izithombo zinezela bese zihamba phezu kuka 3-4 kuya ezimbizeni ezinkulu. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise inhlabathi engxenyeni ye-peat, i-humus ne-sod ezweni ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Inhlanganisela ephezulu kufanele ifafazwe ngesanti noma i-perlite.
Ngenxa yalokho, izitshalo ezincane ziyakwazi ukukhula masinyane ohlelweni lwezimpande, amahlumela abo axhumane, futhi izimbali ezilinde isikhathi eside zikhona. Zonke lezi zinqubo zokulima nokutshala izihlahla zinconywa ukuba zenziwe kuze kufike ngo-Agasti, ngoba ngemuva kwalokhu, noma yikuphi okunye nesitshalo kungathinta ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwayo. 
Akuyona nje inhle, kodwa futhi iyasiza kakhulu: i-chlorophytum, i-aloe, i-geranium, iKalanchoe, i-chrysanthemums, i-cacti, i-sansevieria, i-yucca.
Cuttings
Enye indlela yokuzalanisa ukusika-usebenzisa i-cuttings - ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaflorisi ngenxa yokukhanya nokusebenza kwayo. Kungenziwa unyaka wonke.
Ukuthengwa kwezinsimbi
Ukukhiqiza, ukusika ama-8-10 cm ubude kufanelekile, okusho ukuthi emva kokusika, kufanele kusetshenziswe ngesikhuthazo sokukhula kanye namaqabunga amisiwe asusiwe. Ukutshala ukuhluma kungaba kokubili emhlabathini nasemanzini.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, unqume amahlumela ama-crossbands engxenyeni yobude. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukugcina ukuhlolisisa kwesitshalo.
Izindlela zokuqothula
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuhluma i-crossander cuttings:
- Ukuqothula ama-cuttings kwenzeka emhlabathini olula. Ukuze ulondoloze, ungatshala izithombo eziningana kwisitsha esisodwa esincane. Lesi isitshalo esinomswakama, ngakho-ke umhlabathi kufanele uhlale unomanzi futhi uchithe ukusika ngamanzi. Ukuhluma okuphumelelayo, gcoba ibhodlela nge cap plastic noma ifilimu. Ngaphezu kwenhlabathi elula, i-cococoate nayo ifanele ukukhula. Mhlawumbe ukuhluma isikhathi eside kokusika esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, lapho kwenzeka khona kuphela ukubekezela kwakho nokunakekelwa okufanele kuyadingeka.
- Ukuqothula ama-cuttings awela emanzini. Ukusika isikhumba esingu-10 cm kuhlukaniswe nesitshalo somuntu omdala bese kufakwe esitsheni ngamanzi. Kulindele ukubukeka kwezimpande futhi kufakwe emhlabathini olungiselelwe, okufanelekile ukulima.
- Ukuqothula ama-cuttings kumaphilisi e-Peat "Jiffy". Enye yezindlela ezifanele kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokubeka ithebhulethi kuwo, ithebhulethi kufanele ihambelane namanzi, icindezelwe kancane futhi ukucindezeleka okuncane kufanele kwenziwe. Gweba isitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala eKornevin, okugqugquzela ukukhula, futhi uyitshale kuphilisi ngokwayo. Emva kwalokho, yibeke ekomelweni elibala noma ibhodlela lokusika, limboze ngesitsha esifanayo bese uvikelekile nge-tape. Indawo yokuqothula indawo kufanele ibe nefudumele futhi ibonakale. Phakathi nenyanga, hlola ukuthi ngabe ukusika kuncike yini.
Khumbula ukuthi ukukhula kwe-cuttings kungenziwa ngokushesha uma ubahlinzeka ngezimo zokubamba ukushisa - ukumboza nge-foil bese ufudumala inhlabathi.Ukutshala isitshalo
Ngokwesilinganiso, crossander cuttings zikhule phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezinyanga ezimbili. Amahlumela aphethwe kahle aphike futhi aphephe izingcezu ezingu-3-4 ebhodweni elilodwa elikhulu. Ukuze isihlahla sesitshalo sibonakale siqine futhi sivame kakhulu, amanzi adingekayo.
Inhlabathi ekahle yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kuyoba yingxenyana ye-1 ingxenye yama-humus ebolile, 1/3 ingxenye yesihlabathi noma i-perlite, i-1 part peat kanye ne-1 ingxenye yomhlabathi ohlaza. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imbiza ngebhodi.
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo, ama-cross-overs amancane avame ukugxilizwa futhi atshalwe zonke izinhlobo zikaFebhuwari emhlabathini omusha onothile ngezinto eziwusizo namaminerali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nesikhathi ngasinye ukwandisa usayizi webhodini. Ukuze uvuselele izimbali eziningi, susa izimbali eziphefumulayo kanye nezipiksi ngesikhathi.
I-crossander yimizuzu engapheli, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izitshalo ezindala zilahlekelwa ukuheha kwazo. Uqala ukuwa kwamaqabunga endala, elula iziqu. Ngenxa yalokho, ihlumela elilodwa kuphela elisha lingakhula kusuka ehlathini eliphezulu. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi bavame ukukhulela le mbali njengonyaka, njalo ngonyaka befaka isitshalo esidala nomunye osemusha okhulile kusuka kumbewu noma ekuhlungeni.
Uyazi? I-hybrid yokuqala ye-cross-country ebizwa ngokuthi "Mona Wallhead" yasungulwa ngo-1950 eSweden. Behluke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemvelo ezinamandla kakhulu, ukuhlanganisana nokungathobeki, okwakwenza ukuba sikwazi ukukukhulisa ekhaya.
Ukuhamba ngemva kokufika
Emva kokuhluma okuphumelelayo kwembewu noma ukusika, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo esincane kuqala. Isikhathi esivamile sokufinyelela iminyaka yobudala ekhulile esiphambene nenyanga izinyanga ezingu-6-8. Ekhaya, kufinyelela ekuphakameni kwama-30-50 cm, emvelo ingakhula ibe yi-1 m.
Ukunakekela le mbali kungase kubonakale kunzima, njengoba kunemvelaphi exotic. Kodwa kunezincomo eziningi ezilula ukuthi ngisho nomlimi we-novice angakwazi ukusingatha.
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhulu, kodwa akufanele sigcinwe ilanga eliqondile efesiteleni, njengoba amaqabunga angathola umthunzi obomvu obomvu. Okuhle kulokhu kuzothathwa ukukhanya okungafani. Ukushisa kwemoya ekamelweni lokukhula ezweni kufanele kube ngu-18-20 ° C. Kusesimo sezulu esishisayo kunconywa ukuba uchithe amaqabunga njalo ekuseni nakusihlwa ngamanzi abilisiwe noma acwecwe kusuka kumshini wokufafaza. Khumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo asithandi ama-drafts, ngakho-ke akudingeki uyisuse ekamelweni. 
Kubalulekile! Qaphela ngokukhethekile ukuphuzisa izwe elihamba phambili, ngoba lingase life ngenxa yokungcolisa ngokweqile noma okunganele.Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa njengoba inhlabathi yoma. Esikhathini sasehlobo - kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10, ebusika endaweni esomile ekamelweni - kanye kanye namasonto amabili. Uma uphuza kabili ngenyanga phakathi nezimbali, engeza umanyolo ocebile oketshezi oluthile lwezitshalo zasendlini emanzini.
I-crossander ingaqhakaza ebusika, kodwa isheshe isiphule isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokulima isikhathi eside, uhlinzeke ngesigaba sokuphumula kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari ekamelweni elinokushisa kwomoya okuyi-16-18 ° C, ngaphandle kwale ndlela yokufaka umanyolo noma yokudla.
Njengoba ubona, ukukhula nokhathalela ekhaya isitshalo esinjalo njenge-cross-country kudinga ukunakekelwa okwanele nokunamathela ngokuqinile kuyo yonke imithetho. Ngokuphendula ukunakekelwa kwakho, le mbali izokujabulisa ngokuzichichima kwayo okuningi, ulethe umoya wekhefu elide elikhanyayo ekhaya lakho futhi ube umhlobiso omuhle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
