I-Calceolaria, isitshalo esincane esingenakususwa kuso, sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezimbali zasekhaya. Esihlokweni sethu sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-calceolaria, ukuthi zitshala kanjani futhi zinakekelwe ekhaya, sizohlinzeka isithombe.
Incazelo nokuhluka
I-Calceolaria iyisitshalo esingapheli cishe cishe ububanzi obufanayo nokuphakama, okungama-20-30 cm. Amahlamvu anemibala eluhlaza, isakhiwo esonakele, ubude bamaqabunga. - 5-10 cm
Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezingavamile ezibukeka zifana nehlangothini lwezindebe ezimbili. Unesayizi encane - 2-6 cm. Ingxenye eyodwa inesayizi encane kakhulu, kanti eyesibili inkulu kakhulu, ihluke ekukhusheni kanye nesimo sendawo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo esihlahleni esisodwa singaqhakaza izimbali ezingaba ngu-50. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngoMeyi-Ephreli futhi sihlala emavikini angu-3-5.
Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zathandwa kakhulu yizo:
- Calceolaria purple. Iyingxenye yeqembu lezilwane ezikhula iminyaka engu-50 ubudala, okuphakama kwalo kufinyelela ku-50 cm. Liqubuzele amaqabunga e-basal, izimbali ezinezindebe zine-oblong shape, zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu-lilac.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi inzalo ibhokisi kanye ne-substrate nge-fungicides - lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela isitshalo esikhathini esizayo kusuka ekukhunjini isikhunta.
- I-Calceolaria Mexican. Ukuphakama kwalolu hlobo kuyi-20-50 cm futhi kuxhomeke ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezodalwa yisitshalo. Izimbali ziphuzi, ububanzi bazo buyi-5 cm.
- I-Calceolaria iphikisiwe. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kungaba ngu-150 cm. Imbali ineziqabunga ezincane nezimbali ezincane eziphuzi, lapho kufakwa khona ama-brown specks. Ngezimbali, imbali ifana nefu elikhulu eliphuzi.
- I-calceolaria hybrid. Lesi sitshalo sifaka izitshalo eziningana ngesimo esifanayo, kodwa imibala ehlukene. Ngokuyinhloko leli qembu lihlanganisa izimbali eziphuzi, ezibomvu nezi-orange. Ziyaziwa ngokuba khona kwezimbali zamabhulothi ahlukene, izibhamu, ukuhlukanisa kanye nokungena. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwemifino nguDundee. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, lithinta ukunaka ngezimbali ezibomvu ezikhanyayo
Kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo, kodwa zivame kakhulu.
Izimo ezidingekayo zokukhula
Ukuze i-calceolaria ijabulise iso isikhathi eside futhi ivumelaniswe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, kubalulekile ukuyikhulisa kahle.
Umswakama nokushisa
Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokunyuka kwamanzi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunqatshelwe ukuyihlanza kusuka kumshini wokufafaza, ngoba amanzi awela phansi kalula amaqabunga.
Ukwandisa umswakama, faka ibhodlela epayipi, okuyinto ubumba olumanzi, i-peat noma i-moss. Ungafaka futhi iziqukathi ezimbizeni bese ugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwezimbali nge-peat emanzi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezitshalo zangaphakathi ezifana ne-spathiphyllum, i-violet, i-hibiscus, i-chrysanthemum, i-chlorophytum, i-monstera, i-humansrium.Ukushisa okunamandla ekamelweni lesitshalo kuyinto + 14-16 ° ะก. Uma iphakama ngaphezu kwalezi ziphakamiso, i-calceolaria blooms izokwenzeka njalo, futhi izinambuzane nezifo nazo zizoqala ukuhlasela.
Ebusika, ukushisa kwomoya akufanele kudlule + 12 ° C. Ehlobo, izimbali zivame ukufakwa ebhodini, loggia noma veranda.
Ukukhanyisa izimbali
I-Calceolaria ithanda ukukhanya, kodwa ungayifaki ilanga eliqondile. Lesi sitshalo sizozizwa kahle emafasiteleni asempumalanga, entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Uma uthatha ibhodlela egumbini, qaphela ukuthi ilanga alikhanyanga futhi isitshalo sivikelwe emoyeni.
Ekwindla nasebusika, ngokungabi khona kwelanga, kubalulekile ukudala ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo ngebani lesibane. Lapho kufika entwasahlobo nokuqala kwezimbali, nikeza umthunzi omncane esitshalweni. 
Uyazi? Imbewu ye-calceolaria incane kangangokuthi i-1 g iqukethe izinkulungwane eziningana.
Inhlabathi ekhulayo
I-Calceolaria ayithandi kakhulu emhlabathini, ingxube yokutshala ingalungiswa yedwa ekhaya noma ithengwe esitolo esikhethekile. Izingxube ezilandelayo zilungile:
- Izingxenye ezintathu zezwe le-sod, ingxenye eyodwa yezwe elimaqabunga, ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, izingxenye ezingu-0.5 zesihlabathi;
- Izingxenye ezimbili ze-turf, ingxenye eyodwa yenhlabathi, ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, izingxenye ezingu-0.5 ze-humus inhlabathi;
- Izingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi, izingxenye ezimbili ze-sod, 1 ingxenye yomquba, ingxenye engu-1 yenhlabathi eluhlaza.
- umlotha wokhuni;
- i-vermiculite;
- i-softwood rind eqoshiwe;
- i-sawdust eningiliziwe;
- peat moss
Uma ungabaza ukuthi ungakwazi ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi, kungcono ukuxhumana nochwepheshe esitolo. 
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-calceolaria (ukufika)
Kunezindlela eziningana zokutshala imbali. Cabanga ngabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Indlela yembewu
Asikho isikhathi esinqunyiwe sokutshala imbewu. Kuxhomeke lapho uhlela ukujabulela izitshalo ezimnandi zezimbali. Uma ufuna i-Calceolaria ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo, ukutshala kumele kwenziwe ngoJuni, futhi ekupheleni-ngo-Mashi.
Kubalulekile! Uma izinga lokushisa emoyeni ekamelweni likhuphuka ngenhla + ku-20 ° C, imbali izoqala ukuphonsa amahlumela, amaqabunga azoqala ukuphenduka ophuzi nokwehla.
Ukulungiswa kokuqala kwenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa inhlabathi nomhlabathi ngesilinganiso se-7 kuya ku-1. Imbali iphendula kabi kumuntu omuncu, ngakho kufanele nakanjani udibanise nomgodi womhlabathi (1 kg we-peat - 20 g we-choki). Ngemuva kwalokho, yenza i-calcination yenhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo sinembewu encane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukutshala kuhlanganisa ekusakazeni emhlabathini. Ungawafafazi phezu komhlaba, nje ubeke iphepha elimanzi phezu kwabo, futhi uhlale ulihambisa. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya liba ngu-18 ° C okungenani.
Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14 amahlumela okuqala azovela. Yenza ukuchelela phakathi kwemigqa yomswakama omncane omncane. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, i-dive of shoots iyenzeka.
Ukuze ukwamukelwa okungcono kwezithombo, kunconywa ukumboza ngeglasi noma ifilimu. Nsuku zonke kufanele kwenziwe izithombo ze-airing futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-peat ayimile.
Emva kwezinyanga ezimbili udinga ukuchitha okukhethwa kwesibili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga iziqukathi, ububanzi obufanele bube yi-9-11 cm. Emva kokufakelwa kokufakelwa kokuqedwa, isitshalo kufanele siphonswe. Shiya ehlathini 2-3 amaqabunga amaqabunga, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uzobona ukuthi amahlumela amancane azoqala kanjani ukwenza indlela yawo.
Uyazi? I-Calceolaria imbali edala kakhulu. Ibhaliswe futhi ihoxiswa ngo-1770.
Lapho lesi sitshalo siqina, sishintshwa zibe izimbiza zezimbali. Ukuqaphela yonke imithetho yokulima, ungayithanda imifino ye-calceolaria ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-8-10 emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu.Cuttings
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-cuttings egxiliziwe isuke isuselwe. Kungcono ukufeza le nqubo ngoFebhuwari, ngoMashi no-Agasti.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphonse amahlumela endaweni ekhethekile yephode eyokhuthaza ukukhula kwenhlabathi, bese utshala ukusika emhlabathini. Esikhathini esithile, izithombo zimbozwe nge-foam noma ingilazi.
Ukufakwa kwe-cuttings kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Ukuze uthole isihlahla esinamandla, kutuswa ukuba utshale izithombo eziningana kwisitsha esisodwa.
Izici zokunakekelwa
Njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, i-interior flower calceolaria idinga ukunakekelwa. Cabanga ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle.
Unganisela kanjani?
Imbali idinga ukuchelela okulinganiselayo: akufanele uvumele ukukhuphuka komhlabathi, kepha umhlaba owomile ngeke ube nengxenye ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe uma ungqimba lomhlaba ukha amanzi ngamaminithi amabili afudumele. 
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukuvuselela lesi sitshalo izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngonyaka, ngoba amahlumela ngeke avele emahlumela asendulo futhi i-calceolaria ngeke iqhakaze.
Uma lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, ukuchelela kwenziwa njalo izinsuku ezingu-7. Ungakhohlwa ukuthululela ngokushesha amanzi epanini, njengoba ukuqhuma kwawo kungabangela ukubola kwesistimu.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokubhakabhaka sekuphelile, ukuchelela kumele kuqhutshwe izikhathi eziningana izikhathi eziningana, kanti inhlabathi kumele ihanjiswe kuphela uma umhlaba umile.
Yini yokutshala?
Ukondla imbali kufanele kwenziwe 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-10-14. Okufanelekile kulolu chumisi olusetshenziselwa uketshezi olusetshenziselwa uketshezi - lungene emhlabathini. Umanyolo we-Flower kufanele wenziwe ngemva kwamasonto amabili emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo.
Ekwindla nasebusika asikhuthazwa ukuba sigqoke ukugqoka okuphezulu, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi imbali iphelile. Uma i-calceolaria ikhulelwa ngalesi sikhathi, ingaholela ekuphuzizeni kwamahlamvu futhi iwa phansi. 
Ungayilungisa kanjani amahlumela?
Ukuze lesi sitshalo siqhakaze kahle futhi sihle kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuqhafaza, kubalulekile ukumayela esihlahleni ngosizo lwe-hatching. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa amahlumela ohlangothini okhulayo avela ezonini zamaqabunga.
Ungaphinda ubambe amahlumela ohlangothini, bese ushiya ama-2 amaqabunga amaqabunga. Ngenxa yendlela yesibili kungenzeka ukufeza izimbali eziningi, kodwa izimbali ngeke zihluke ngobukhulu obukhulu.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Ukukhula kwe-calceolaria kuyinkimbinkimbi eyinkimbinkimbi. Imbali ihlukaniswa nokuthakazelisa kwayo, okuvame ukuholela ekunqothulweni kwezifo zezitshalo nezilokazane.
Ngokuvamile, imbali ihlushwa i-whitefly nokuhlaselwa kwe-aphid. Uma ubona inani elincane lezinambuzane, zingaqoqwa ezihlahleni bese zibhujiswa. Uma lesi sitshalo sithintekile kakhulu, siphathwa ngamakhemikhali akhethekile. 
Uyazi? I-calceolaria eyodwa-flowered yilona ilungu elincane kunazo zonke lezi zinhlobo ezikhula ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ukuphakama kwembali kuyinto 10 cm kuphela.
Ukusongela okukhulu imbali ukuhlasela kwe-gray gray. Isibangela sesifo yisisulu somswakama emhlabathini, izinga lokushisa lomoya ophansi kanye nokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen kumanyolo.
Izingxenye zembali, ezithintekayo kakhulu, zidinga ukususwa ngokuphuthumayo, bese zicubungula imbali nge-cuproxate noma i-Bordeaux ingxube. Noma imuphi omunye umuthi oqukethe ithusi nawo ufanelekile.
Khumbula ukuthi ukwephulwa kwezimo zokunakekelwa kwesitshalo ngokushesha kuthinta amahlamvu awo - kuzoqala ukuphenduka futhi kuphume. 
Kusukela esihlokweni owazile ukuthi i-calceolaria ingakanani, ukuthi ikhule kanjani kusuka kumbewu nakwe-cuttings ekhaya. Njengoba usinikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo, ungajabulela ubuhle bemilingo yensimu engavamile isikhathi eside.
