Abanikazi bezindawo ezinkulu bavame ukubheka "ukuchithwa okuncane." Le nqubo iphelele ngamacala lapho ukucubungula amabhuku sekuvele kunzima, futhi ugandaganda usalokhu kuseduze kusayithi. Yiqiniso, ngifuna amadivayisi afanele afake izinhlobo eziningi zomsebenzi. Sifunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi singakhetha kanjani umlimi ofanelekayo endlini enkulu yezwe.
Izinhlobo zabalimi
Imakethe inikeza inamba enkulu yamamodeli wemikhiqizo ehlukene. Akunakwenzeka njalo ukuba ukhethe masinyane ukulinganisa okufanele kulokhu okuhlukahlukene, ngakho-ke sizocubungula izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinqubo ezinjalo. Ake siqale ngokulula.
Ukubamba ngesandla
Lezi imikhiqizo engabizi kakhulu umuntu angayisingatha. Unomklamo olula kakhulu owenza ukulungiswa. 
Ukuhlanganisa okucacile yizilinganiso ezincane ezivumela ukusebenza cishe kuzo zonke izingqimba zensimu (lapho imishini yemoto ingasebenzi nje). Zisetshenziswa ezintabeni zase-Alpine, imibhede yemifula, eduze kocingo.
Ukuze uhlakulele izindawo ezincane zomhlaba, abalimi basebenzise ngenkuthalo ukufakela kweKrot kanye nomlimi wezilwane ophethwe ngesandla.
Amadivaysi e-Manual azinhlobo ezimbili:
- I-rotary (iyinkanyezi). Eqinisweni, yi-shaft ene-discs ehlelwe kuso. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yayo ebukhali kanye nomumo ongalingani, umlimi uhamba emhlabathini, uyaphakamisa futhi awushintshe phansi. Isethi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ummese weeding (ukhula luvunwa ngesikhathi esifanayo). Okukhethwa kukho kwenhlabathi ethambile kanye nemifula enemibhede ephakeme - ukhukhamba, amazambane nezinye izitshalo. Ukusebenza nabo kuyinto elula ngenxa yesibambo eside.
- Rippers. Ithuluzi lezwe elinzima, elikhanyayo ukuthi i-asterisk elula ayisithathi kakade. Isimiso silula - isibambo esifanayo, kodwa sinamazinyo abukhali angama-3-5. Uma usebenza, kufanele wenze i-swing enkulu bese usika phansi leli divayisi phansi, ungakhohlwa ukudonsa esiqondisweni sakho. Ziyakhiqizwa kokubili ensimini ye-garden (isibambo eside, amazinyo amahlanu), futhi ngokulula, okuyinto efanelekayo ezindlini zokugcina izithombo - inezinyosi ezintathu ezincane kanye "nomnikazi" omfishane.
Abakhiqizi
Zonke izakhi ezakhiwe zalolu hlobo zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba kuye ngokuthi isisindo namandla.
Abanikazi bezindawo ezincane, kodwa "ezinomsoco" ngokuvamile babheka izimoto ezincane ezihamba kalula. Zinezinjini 2.5-4.5 hp, kanti ububanzi besisindo kusuka 20-40 kg.
Ukuhlelwa komsebenzi kumgadi wensimu ye-dacha kanye nomgadi wensimu kudinga imishini ekhethekile: umcibisholo omswakama, umlimi, isithwathwa seqhwa.
"Indawo" ekahle yokusebenzisa imishini enjalo i-dacha yamahektare angaba ngu-10 enhlabathini elula futhi ehlelwe kahle. Njengokuzikhethela, ngokuvamile i-hiller compact ihlinzekwa, ukusika emigodini yokufika.
Phakathi kokungaphumeleli, isidingo sokuphumula okuvamile kanye ne-robot mode yokukhishwa kwamarobhothi kubonakala - "ukubhula" ngaphandle kwe-breather, imoto ilahlekelwa yimithombo yayo.
Uyazi? I-"Mole" evelele yaqala ukukhulula eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30 edlule. - ngo-1983, amakhophi okuqala ashiya indawo yaseMoscow. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ukukhiqizwa kwakuhlelwe ku-Omsk.Kusukela emkhayeni wabalimi abakhanyayo futhi kuphuma iqembu lamadivaysi ama-ultra-amancane. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, kulula ukuhamba, kodwa ama-motor atholakale (kuze kube ku-3 hp) azinciphisa ukujula kokulima. Ngedidi enganakiyo ngeke ivumelane, kodwa ukushisa kuyoba kuhle.
Imikhiqizo yangezigaba eziphakathi kakade inamandla kakhulu: 4.5-6 "amahhashi" anesisindo esingama-40-60 kg. Bazobhekana nenhlabathi yobumba, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukulima umhlabathi omusha ngenxa yemishini elula. Lapha (njengendlela yokukhanya), abakwa-cutters badlala indima emibili - bayakhulula futhi bashukumise umshini phambili. Ukubhekisisa isithiyo, kufanele uphinde uthule imoto emuva kwamamitha ambalwa.Kuqukethe umsebenzi wokuthola usizo. Iqoqo lemishini liyamangalisa - ngaphezu kwe-hiller evamile, ingafaka umkhumbi, i-harrow kanye nokulima.
I "phezulu" yobubanzi bemodeli yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlamvu ezisindayo (kuze kufike ku-9 hp). Ngesifiso sabo, ungakwazi ukubeka phambili imibono enjengamandla amakhulu nokujula okujulile, ithuba lokusebenzisa njengepompo lokulima nokunisela, kanye nokuthutha izimpahla. Amanye amamodeli walesi sigaba ngemuva kokuxhuma ne-trailer angathatha ngokuphepha imoto ye-500-700 kg. 
Kubalulekile! Imikhiqizo enezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo yenzelwe ukusebenza ngaphandle. Njengoba usuqhume umlimi onjalo ukuba abe nesibamba esikhulu sokushisa, usengozini yokubhubhisa izitshalo ngokukhipha umonakalo.Kukhona ukuphazamiseka. Lokhu, okokuqala, isisindo esiningi - kusuka ku-60 kg (iningi lazo "liye" lalingamaphesenti angu-100). Ezinye zididekile ngokunyuka kwamafutha nokudlidliza. Yiqiniso, bahlawulelwa umkhiqizo onomusa nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi.
Kunesinye isigaba - ngohlobo lwenjini namandla. Ngalesi sizathu, zonke izindlela zokwenziwa zalolu hlobo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu alandelayo:
- Ungabuyiselwa emuva. Emaphethelweni ethu kuyi-rarity. Ibhethri kufanele ikhokhiswe ngokuphelele, futhi noma yikuphi ukuhluleka phakathi "nokukhishwa kabusha" kunganciphisa kakhulu imithombo.
- Ugesi. Izimoto ezinhle, kepha "ububanzi" bukhawulelwe ubude benkambo. Ukusebenza nensimu eduze kwendlu kufanelekile, kuyilapho evulekile kukhona umqondo okuncane kuwo (ngaphandle uma kukhona i-generator enamandla).
- Ngezingqimba zangaphakathi zomlilo. Umbono omkhulu kakhulu. Kukhona yonke indawo - kusuka endaweni encane ye-suburban kuya emasimini. Lezi zunithi kufanele zibheke ngokucophelela, ngoba ngokuvamile zizithenga.
Yini okufanele ubheke uma ukhetha umlimi
Abakhiqizi abanezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo bazokhetha labo abadinga ukwenziwa okusheshayo kwezindawo ezinkulu. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga kufanelekile ukukhumbula ngezici zedivayisi yabo, ngoba ngezikhathi ezinjalo ukuthi kuzodingeka uqaphele lapho ukhetha i-motolopaty.
Injini
"Inhliziyo" yeyunithi ingaba 2- noma 4-isifo sohlangothi. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezici zayo. Isibonelo, izinjini ezimbili:
- Kutholakala okwengeziwe.
- Kunamandla amakhulu kunamacebo amane wezingqinamba ezifanayo.
- Ithembekile futhi iyalondolozwa.
- Akubizi ngesikhathi sesondlo esivamile.
Uyazi? Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlelo ezinjalo zehlathi, ezifanele izimo ezinzima kakhulu. - inqwaba yezintambo neziqu zomhlabathi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iningi lalezi zinyunyana likhiqizwa imizamo yenkampani eyodwa, iSweden "Ihlathi le-Bracke".Yilezi zimoto ezivame ukuthengwa yilabo abaxazulula inkinga - indlela yokukhetha umlimikazi omuhle futhi olula we-petroli ukunikeza.
Kodwa kunezici ezithile. Mhlawumbe okuyinhloko ukhetho lwephethiloli nokulungiswa kahle komxube. Udinga ukuthenga uphethiloli ophezulu ("A-95") futhi uxube ngamafutha afanele ngokuvumelana neziqondiso. Abanye balahlekelwa lo mthetho olula futhi bathulule "amashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha" ngokuhambisana namafutha avela emgqonyeni egaraji. Ngenxa yalokho, umlimi angaya emapulazini - ukulungiswa kwempahla kuyabiza kakhulu.Imijikelezo emine yiningi lamayunithi aphakathi nesisindayo. Yilezi:
- Unomthombo omkhulu.
- Sebenza okuzamile futhi eside.
- Awudingi ukuyeka eside ukupholisa. Kwanele futhi imizuzu embalwa.
- Kungcono ukujula ama-cutters (kuthinta isisindo esiningi).
- Ungadingi njalo ukuthululela ingxube.
Kubalulekile! Ungabambeli umlimi ngensimbi - kufanele ubambe isibambo ngezandla zombili nangomzamo omkhulu, ungakhohlwa ukulungisa ukujula kokulima. Izinguqulo ezikhanyayo, nazo, ingabe imbuzi ingaba nomhlabathi oqinile, futhi kuzomele iphoqe phezulu.Siyazi kakade ngokuxhomeka ngokuqondile kokujula kokucubungula kwamandla wenjini. Kodwa kuthinta indawo "yokubamba". Ngakho, amahektha ambalwa amahora angu-5-7 azokwakha. Izindawo ezinkulu (amahektha angu-4-5) zizodinga okungenani injini ye-horse-9. Ensimini encane ungathola nge 3-4 "amahhashi".
I-Gearbox
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukudluliswa kwe-torque ukusuka emotweni kuya kumavili noma ngezinqubo zokusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-clutch. Indima ekhethekile inikezwe ibhokisi legiya kuphela - ngezindlela eziningi ukuthembeka kweyunithi yonke kanye nesakhiwo sayo sonke kuxhomeke kuyo. 
Ukuphikisana okuningi kubangelwa inkinga, uhlobo oluthile lokunciphisa lungcono, uchungechunge oluthandwayo noma isibungu esincane. Sizozama ukucacisa, singakhohlwa mayelana nezinye izinketho.
Izici zokudluliswa kweketheni:
- Ifakwa enginesini ene-crankshaft enezingqimba.
- Inomthombo omkhulu.
- Kungaba oqinile noma ohlangene. Esimweni sesibili, kulula kakhulu ukugcina le unit (umonakalo ungasungulwa ngezandla zakho).
- Ubhekene nezinkinga "zomndeni" ezinjengezitshalo zokuphuza kanye nezinsika. Ama-sprocket angalimala futhi, futhi kwezinye izimo ufinyelele ukhiye ku-shaft drive. Nakuba zonke lezi ziphutha zihleliwe kalula.
- Unesisindo esincane nesayizi encane.
- Isetshenziselwa kuphela onobuhle obungamakhulu.
Uyazi? Inkampani yaseJalimane "Bungartz" Ngo-1937, waqala ukukhiqiza amandla okwakhiwa kwamandla ngezinjini zamandla angu-8 no-10. Phakathi neminyaka yempi, lo mkhiqizo, naphezu kokuthi "ukubhaliswa", kwadingeka ukuba umelane nokuhlaselwa kwamaNazi - abaholi bayo benqaba ukugcwalisa imiyalo yezempi, bekhipha imikhiqizo eyiyo kuphela.Njengoba ubona, unezinzuzo ezimbalwa, ezingenakutsho ngokungahambi kwebhokisi le gear. Ayinakubekezelela imithwalo esindayo - umlimi, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu, i-trailer ayisafanelekile. I-brass gear igqoke ngokushesha, futhi umshini wokukhiqiza uvame ukunikeza ukubuyela emuva. Izici "ezingezansi" zibhekwa ngokuthi "ukuthambekela" kokulahlekelwa nokukhululeka okukhulu kokushayisana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amandla amakhulu - ukuphoqa yonke indlela, ungabona ukuthi amasondo awaphenduki ngisho nalapho i-clutch ixhunyiwe. "Ukucindezela" kwakhe futhi akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunikeza umphumela.Kungenzeka ukuncoma le nketho kulabo abazobhekana nenhlabathi yokukhanya ehlelekile kahle.
Abalimi abanamandla kunawo wonke banamathengi wegesi. Akuzona isibonelo esabiza kakhulu, kodwa imithombo abanesikhathi eside kakhulu. Sebenzisa cishe noma yikuphi umthwalo. 
I-original, kodwa esikhundleni esingajwayelekile ye-gear-chain "hybrid" ishibhile. Lena uhlobo lokungqubuzana phakathi kokuthembeka kwegesi eliqinile kanye nokulula kochungechunge. Kulula, kodwa ukukhonza isikhwama esinjalo ngaphandle kwamakhono ngezinye izikhathi kunzima.
Bamba
Ayikho indlela enjalo engayenza ngaphandle kwayo. Amacebo alandelayo asetshenziswa:
- I-automrization ye-Centrifugal, efana neyodwa engasetshenziswanga i-chainsaws. Isetshenziselwa amayunithi angaqondakali, kulula ukushintsha ezimweni zegaraji;
Kubalulekile! Buza mayelana nezinto okuvela kuzo amagesi namasu. Insimbi enamandla kakhulu ifanelekile ngezinhloso ezinjalo, kanti izimpahla zethusi ngeke zihlale isikhathi eside.
- Ibhande elinomshini wezinkinga litholakala kumamodeli wesigaba esiphakathi.
- System nge-clutch release clutch "imoto" uhlobo. Lokhu kufana namakhophi anamandla kakhulu. Imithwalo ikhona emikhulu, futhi amadubhu anamabhande akakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu. Ukungahambi kahle kuyinkimbinkimbi yokulungisa nokuhlangana.
Ukutshala ububanzi nokujula
Kungenxa yalezi zimingcele ukuthi abanikazi besikhathi esizayo bayakunaka ngokushesha. Lezi zibalo zizohluka ngokuya ngeklasi lomlimi:
- Imikhiqizo encane "iyobamba" ingxenye engaphezu kwehafu yemitha ngokujula kokujula kwe-15-18 cm. Amamodeli amancane azokwazi ukusebenza okungaphezu kwezingu-30 cm, aguqe angafika ku-7-8 cm.
- Amadivaysi engxenyeni ephakathi angalungiswa ebubanzi obubanzi obungama-40-80 cm (amanye athuthuka angama-85). I-Hilling yenzeka ngaphansi kwe-23-28 cm.
- Izinguqulo ezinzima zenzelwe ukungena kwe-0.9-1 m nokujule okungenani okungama-30 cm.
Ukuze ugweme ngokweqile, amandla akhe akhethiwe kanje:- I-hp / 20 cm ibamba ukushaya kwesine.
- 1 hp / 30 cm we-2-stroke.
Ubukhona be-reverse
Ukuba khona kwakhe kuyoba nje okunye. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuguqulwa kungukuthi "ilungelo" labalimi abakhulu, nakuba imishini embalwa ephakathi nendawo inayo le ndlela.
Uyazi? E-USSR, i-mini-trekta yaqala ukuvela ngo-1980 - ngaphambi kwama-Olimpiki, kuthengwa umshini wemishini yaseCzech TZ-4K. Babephumelela kangangokuthi basebenzisa yonke indawo: kusukela ekuhlanzeni imigwaqo ukuya emasimini.Ibhokisi legiar livame uklanyelwe izindlela ezintathu: ukulima ngesivinini esiphansi (100-150 / iminithi), ukuvulwa kwejubane eliphezulu kanye nokubhujiswa kokhula (250-300 rpm) futhi empeleni kubuyele emuva.
Ezibukhombini ezilula, izibambo eziphathekayo zingabonakala - azidingi umthwalo owengeziwe wokudluliselwa, futhi ukunyakaza kungenziwa ngesandla.
Yenza ukujikeleza
Ekupheleni kwama-tubes aqoshiwe zilawula ngendlela yokuphatha. Banobophezele ukubandakanya i-clutch, isivinini sokushayela nokuhamba kwezimpahla. 
Kunezidingo ezimbalwa kubo. Kufanele bakhululekile (mhlawumbe bakhishwe ngamanzi) futhi basesimweni esihle. "I-Jamming" nezibopho ezifakiwe azifakiwe.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, bheka ukuthi izintambo zesibambo zivikelwe kanjani. Ukuthola udoti ngokushesha kungenza kube nzima ukwenza umsebenzi.
Ukulungiswa okubalulekile nokulungile kwesibambo ngaphandle kokusebenza okungafanelekile. Isibonelo, ikhebula le-"clutch" elitholwayo lingatholakala kuphela uma isibambo sinyakile - uma sisacindezelwe futhi i-unit isivele ishaqile phambili, kuzodingeka ubhekane nale nkinga (ngokufana nesithuthuthu).
Izinsiza Zokunamathisela
Ngaphandle kwe-cutter ejwayelekile, isethi yokuzikhethela ye "canopies" ingabandakanya amadivayisi anjalo:
- Izindleko ze-propashny eziqinisiwe zezindawo ezinzima.
- Ivili noma amasondo (for models models), okuyinto lula ukunyakaza futhi ungavumeli 'ukuphumula' emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Ukungena esitelekeni, iqoqo lekhethelo, okuthiwa abacheli abacansi liyadingeka.
- I-plowshare (i-hiller) efana ne-V, ehlaba izimbobo zokutshala bese ikhulula phansi eduze kwezitshalo.
- Amapula okulungiselelwa okuhlukile (okukodwa noma okubili kabili).
- I-Potato digger. Umlimi ofanayo, kodwa ngokuqondile. Ukuqeda izilimo eziyizigaxa, uzidonsa. It inikezwa kuphela onobuhle onobuhle.
- Harrow
- Izigaxa nezinqwaba zokuhlanza amaqabunga endala neqhwa.
- Abajuni kanye nesondo lokulinganisa.
- Umshini wokugaya
- I-trolley noma i-trailer encane.
Zijwayele ngezici zobuchwepheshe ze-Neva MB 2, i-Salyut 100 ne-Zubr JR-Q12E.
Amathiphu wokulimala
Ngaphandle kohlu olujwayelekile lwemishini, umthengi anganikeza ezinye, amadivaysi "akhethekile" amaningi. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- I-Aerator Isibhamu esingavamile, ukubhoboza umhlabathi wokufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni.
- I-rake elula yokusebenza ngezicucu ezinjenge-utshani.
- Izikhali ngezindlela zekisi.
Uyazi? Izindlela zokwenziwa kwamashini amancane ngesikhathi sokuSoviet zazihlonishwa kakhulu, futhi ezindaweni eziningi zazingekho. Ukubala isidingo kubo, iziphathimandla eziphezulu njengeKomidi Lokuhlela Uhulumeni kanye neKomiti Yokwakha Yombuso zanikeza iziyingi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezithakazelisayo ngamafomula ahlelekile.
- Imimese ye "Corner" yokusebenza emaphethelweni enhlabathi.
Abakhiqizi abadumile
Ukuze ungabi "ugijime kumuntu wesokunxele", qaphela imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi aboniswe. Imikhiqizo yale mikhiqizo elandelayo iyathandwa kakhulu:
- "Mole". Idizayini ijwayele kusuka ezikhathini zaseSoviet. Imodeli encane, elula ukuphatha imodeli, ekwazi ukukhululeka ngo-20-25 cm ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezikhethekile. Ubukhulu obuncane bukuvumela ukuba uhambise idivayisi ngisho nasesigodini semoto.
- "Neva" umbusi MK-100 ubhekane nokuxoshwa, ukuhluma nokufaka umquba. Amayunithi wamandla angenisiwe anomthombo omkhulu. Inethiwekhi yesevisi iqhutshwe kahle, ngakho-ke ayikho izinkinga ngezinxenye ezisele.
- I-Tarpan. Iyunithi encane ifakwe injini engama-6 e-American Briggs & Stratton, okwenza kube kufanelekile ukusebenza ne-loams esindayo. Qaphela futhi ukulinganisela izintandokazi zokuthi "uphethiloli".
- "Viking". Idivaysi ye-axial yendawo yonke ephuma e-Austria ihlukaniswe ngokulingana okuhle kwezingxenye kanye nezinto zokwakha ezinamandla amakhulu. Umzimba wenziwa nge-linings kabili ye-polymer, futhi "i-worm" yenziwe ngensimbi enamandla. Izitshalo zokulawula zokudlulisa zihlonyelwe ukukhiya, okuqeda ukusebenza okwamanje ngesikhathi ezimbili. I-analogue yasekhaya yase-model 585 ibizwa ngokuthi "iTarpan".
Kubalulekile! Hlola njalo ubukhona bamafutha ebhokisini le gear elihlelekile.
- IsiDanish "Texas " uyakwazi ukuthatha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinto zokusebenza futhi uphethwe nazo zonke izinhlobo zokulima emhlabathini ohlukile. Kudinga ukunakekelwa okusemandleni - ezinye izingqinamba zingaba nzima ukuthola.
