Inqubo yokuzalisa i-poults ene-incubator yinto ephethe umbuso okhethekile, lapho izinkukhu ezinamandla neziphilile zifika kuleli zwe.
Ukukhethwa kwe-incubator
Abalimi-izinkukhu zezinkukhu baye baqaphela isikhathi eside ukuthi ukuthi amaqanda aseTurkey afakwa kahle, ama-chicks amaningi avela (njengamaphesenti) kunokuba kusetshenziselwa ukuvuthwa kwemvelo ngamantombazane (ngokuvamile ama-turkeys ingxenye ye-clutch echotshozwa yisisindo sabo). 
I-incubator yamaqanda e-turkey ahluke kuzici ezifana nalezi:
- Ukushisa kuvela phezulu kweyunithi;
- Ukufudumala kusuka phansi kweyunithi.
Kodwa zombili lezi zinhlelo azitholakali, njengoba ukushiswa kwemoto kuyashiswa ngokungalingani. Iningi lezinkukhu abalimi lizama ukuthuthukisa amayunithi abo, bezama ukusondelana nemibandela yemvelo.
Ukukhishwa kwezinkukhu, izigwaca, amadada, izinyoni zingabuye zenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-incubator.
Ukungafani okuyinhloko kwedivayisi eyodwa kwesinye kuwukuthi:
- ukuthi umshini wenzelwe kangakanani;
- ukulawulwa kwe-manual noma okuzenzakalelayo kwe-incubator;
- ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukusebenzisa i-unit.
Ukuze kuzalwe kahle ama-poults ku-incubator ekhaya, imingcele elandelayo kufanele icatshangelwe:- ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokushintshanisa umoya kanye nomswakama womoya emshini wokufakelwa;
- ukulawulwa nokuqapha ukushisa kwomoya ngaphakathi kwedivayisi;
- ukuguqulwa kwamaqanda ngesikhathi esifanele, ukupholisa nokuphuza;
- isikhathi sokufakela isikhathi.
Uyazi? I-incubator yokuqala eYurophu yenziwa yi-Italian D. Porto. Waqala ukufaka isibani sokushisa.
Imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu
Ukuze uzalise ama-turkeys ku-incubator, azikho izinhlobo eziningi, okungcono kakhulu kuzo:
- I-North Caucasus ithusi. Le nyoni ifinyelela kubantu abadala ezinyangeni ezingu-9. Kule minyaka yobudala, owesifazane unesisindo esingu-7 kg, isisindo sesilisa sifinyelela ku-14 kg. Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lezinsikazi kulesi sizalo kuya ezingxenyeni ezingu-80 ngonyaka.
- Amhlophe aseNyakatho yaseCaucasian. Le nyoni ifinyelela kubantu abadala ezinyangeni ezingu-9. Ngalesi sikhathi owesifazane unesisindo esingu-7 kg, nesisindo sesilisa sifinyelela ku-14 kg. Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lezinsikazi zalesi sizalo kuya ezingxenyeni ezingu-180 ngonyaka.
- Ubhontshisi obubanzi bubilisiwe. Ngaphandle, le nyoni ifana nabamele iNorth Caucasus breed, kodwa ihluke ngokulinganisa: abesifazane - 8 kg, abesilisa kuze kube ngu-15 kg.
- Ukuncelisa okumhlophe okumhlophe. Lolu hlobo lugcinwa ukukhiqiza inyama ephezulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda wesifazane kuya ezingxenyeni eziyi-120 ngonyaka.
- I-Moscow emhlophe neMoscow ithusi. Amaqanda aqala ukuthwala izinyanga ezingu-6 futhi alethe izicucu ezingu-100 ngonyaka.
- I-cross enkulu enkulu-6. Ukubeletha ngezimfanelo ezingavamile zenyama, isisindo se-sternum yenyoni singama-30% esisindo salo sonke isidumbu. Owesifazane omdala unesisindo esingu-11 kg, nesisindo sesilisa sifinyelela ku-25 kg.
Uyazi? Esikhathini sokucwaninga mayelana nokuzalanisa izinkukhu ku-incubator, kwaqaphela ukuthi ngokubekwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezingqimba zamaqanda kusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu nasempumalanga kuya entshonalanga, ku-version yokuqala, amaphuphu avele ekuqaleni.
Ukukhetha kahle amaqanda
Uma ukhetha iqanda lokuqothula i-turkey ukuze uqhubeke uzalisa, kuyadingeka ukuba unake izimo ezilandelayo:
- ukuze kuzalwe amatshwele ku-incubator, kuyadingeka ukuthenga izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela kwabesifazane abaye bafinyelela ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili;
- Kunconywa ukuthenga izinto zokufakelwa ezakhiwe phansi entwasahlobo, njengoba ama-poults awabekezeli ukubandayo;
- Ngaphambi kokubeka amakhemikhali engxenyeni ye-incubator, kubalulekile ukuwahlola ngokucophelela. Kumelwe babe nefomu elifanele, ngesakhiwo esibushelelekile segobolondo, esinobuhle, ngaphandle kokufaka iziqu nokukhula;
- amaqanda we-incubator kufanele abe ngubukhulu obuphakathi, ngoba amaqanda amancane noma amaningi kakhulu anezinga eliphansi lokungafani;
- kubalulekile ukuhlola indawo ye-yolk ngokumisa. I-yolk kufanele ibe phakathi, akufanele ibe nohlaka olucacile, futhi emaphethelweni asobuwula kufanele kube yikamelo lomoya;
- ngesikhathi i-ovoskopirovaniya lapho uvula amaqanda, i-yolk, ephakathi ngaphakathi, kufanele ihambe kancane;
- amaqanda angcolile angaphansi kokulahlwa;
- ukwenqaba amaqanda yizikhupha ezimbili.
Kubalulekile! Amaqanda okufakelwa ekufakweni akukwazi ukugcinwa esiqandisini.Ukubeka okuhloswe ukufakelwa ukufakwa ngaphakathi kungahle kugcinwe kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa kufanele lihambisane + no-12 ° С nesilinganiso somswakama 80%. Igumbi kumele lime futhi lingenakuthola ukukhanya kwelanga.
Amaqanda anokungcola amancane ahlanzwa ekungcoleni (ungawagezi) futhi agcinwe endaweni ehlanzekile eyomile, ebeka ngaphandle ukuze kuphele ukuphela okuphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuvula amaqanda njalo ngosuku lwesine, lokhu kusebenza kuyadingeka ekuthuthukiseni okuvamile emibungu.Indlela yokutshala ama-poukts e-turkey
Ezokulima nokutshala izindlu ze-turkeys zithandwa. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba le nyoni ihlukaniswe ngokushelela kahle, inyama enhle namaqanda okumnandi. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola izikhumba: faka i-turkey yenkukhu ku-clutch noma uyibeke ku-incubator. Ukuzala okuncane ne-incubator kuyathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
Kubalulekile! Nsuku zonke, isitoreji seqanda sinciphisa iphesenti lokungahloniphi.
I-egg ibeke
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-clutch ku-incubator, kubalulekile ukuyikhipha imishanguzo ye-disinfection bese iwukhipha amagciwane nge-apparatus ngokwayo, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka ezinkukhu esikhathini esizayo. I-disinfectant ingathengwa kuma-pharmacy, futhi ungalungisa isisombululo esimnandi se-potassium permanganate.
Gweba amaqanda kwisisombululo se-disinfection akufanele, vele usule ngendwangu ehambelanisiwe nalelixazululo, mayeke ngokwemvelo. Amaqanda aseTurkey afakwa kwi-incubator kuphela lapho efudumala ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukulayishwa kombukiso ku-incubator kungase kube ngokuqondile noma kungase kube okuqondile, konke kuxhomeke kumodeli nomkhiqizo wedivayisi. Uma ubeka ngendlela enezingqimba, ungakhohlwa ukwenza uphawu kugobolondo engxenyeni engenhla yamathambo, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze ugweme ukudideka esikhathini esizayo, uma uqala ukuwayeka. 
Uma ubeka ngendlela eqondile, faka amaqanda emgodini ngehlangothini elikhomba, ugcine i-angi 45 °.
Funda ukuthi ungafinyelela kanjani ama-turkeys aphezulu okukhiqiza.
Izimo zokufakelwa ukufakwa
Ukufakelwa kwama-clutch kumele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokulawulwa okungenasici komlimi wezinkukhu futhi kuhambisane nokuguquguquka okwesikhashana nge-ovoscope. Ukuguqulwa kwenziwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili, lweshumi nesikhombisa. 
Usuku olungu-8. Kulolu suku, isigaba sokuqala sokufakelwa ukufakwa kwama-brood siphelile. Uhlelo lwe-circulatory oluthuthukile lubonakala kahle ngaphakathi kweqanda. I-embryo ayibonakali, ngoba i-yolk ngokuphelele. Endaweni lapho i-embryo kufanele ibe khona, kunokukhanya kwebala kunanoma iyiphi i-yolk. Uma ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kukhona ukukhala okumnyama (indandatho yegazi), lokhu kusho ukuthi umbungu ushonile futhi kufanele ulahlwe.
Usuku lweshumi nambili. Umjikelezo ocacile we-embryo ubonakala, ekupheleni okubukhali kweqanda kukhona i-allantois evaliwe. Umshini ocacile wezitsha, ovaliwe ekupheleni okubukhali, ubonisiwe. Imibungu efile ibukeka njengendawo eqondile, ihamba kalula ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi, amaqanda anjalo asetshenziswa.
Usuku olungu-26 I-embryo ithatha isikhala samahhala, ikamelo lomoya likhulu ngobukhulu. Ukunyakaza kwenkukhu kubonakala ngokucacile, ungabona ukuthi ama-bulges entamo. Uma ukunyakaza kungabonakali, khona-ke umbungu ususwe futhi kufanele ulahlwe.
| I-Period | Ukushisa okudingekayo | Izinga lokuswakama elidingekayo | Ukusebenza okudingekile |
| Izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-3 | 38-38.3 ° C | 60-65% | 6-12 ukushaya |
| kusuka ngosuku lweshumi | 37.6-38˚C | 45-50% | ukushayela i-incubator kabili ngosuku ngemaminithi angu-10, ukushaya okungu-6 |
| Izinsuku ezingu-4-14 | 37.6-38˚C | 45-50% | 6 ukushaya |
| Izinsuku ezingu-15-25 | 37-37.5 ° C | 60% | ukuhambisa i-incubator kathathu ngosuku imizuzu engu-15, okwenza ukushaya okungenani izikhathi ezingu-4 |
| Usuku lwama-26-28 | 36.6-37˚C | 65-70% | ngaphandle kokujika nokushayela |
Ngesikhathi sokulindela amatshwele
Isikhathi sokutshala amaqanda eTurkey ekhaya izinsuku ezingu-28. Izinsana zokuqala zingabonakala kakade ngosuku lwama-25-26, futhi ekupheleni kosuku lwama-27 - ukuqala kwezinsuku ezingu-28 ze-turkeys zivele zikhulu. 
Ngeke uvame ukubheka ukungena kwe-incubator, ukuhlola ukuthi yisiphi isigaba senqubo - ungahle uvele ubonakale izinkukhu ezimanzi. Ngaphambi kokukhipha izinkukhu kusuka ku-incubator, qiniseka ukuthi zomile ngokuphelele. Uma ukugxila kubambezeleka isikhathi eside kunamahora angu-8, kunconywa ukuthi izinkukhu zikhishwe kabili, zomiswe ngokuphelele ekuqaleni, futhi kamuva ziboshwe.
Amaphutha okuqala adumile
Amaphutha ajwayelekile kunazo zonke ezikhulayo zezinkukhu zezinkukhu zilandelayo:
- Ukungahambisani nombuso wokushisa ngesikhathi sokuhoxiswa kwama-poults ku-incubator ekhaya.
Uma kungabikho ukushisa okwanele, ingxenyana encane yezinkukhu eziphilayo izalwa ngemva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Bahlala phansi, benemilenze ebuthakathaka, phansi kukhula ngokungalingani futhi kubonakala kungcolile.- Ukungahambisani nomswakama.
Ubuningi ngobuningi. Izinkukhu zinomsila, ziwile phansi; ezinye izinkukhu zilahlekile ekuguleni kwamanzi amniotic. Izilwane ezincane ezinjalo zizalwa emva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
- Ukungahambisani nenani lezinguquko zamaqanda e-turkey.
I-incubator: izinzuzo kanye nokungahle kwendlela
Inzuzo enkulu yokuzalisa ama-poultry turkey ekwenzeni i-incubator ekhaya kungenzeka ukuba uthole intsha phakathi nonyaka wonke, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho izinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- ukubukeka ngesikhathi esisodwa kwenani elikhulu lezinkukhu;
- nayo yonke imithetho yokuzalanisa - ama-85% amaqanda aphenduke abe amaphuphu;
- ukukhethwa okukhulu kwamamodeli ama-incubators emakethe kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe okukhethwa kukho okufunayo;
- izindleko zedivayisi ziphansi kakhulu, i-unit ingakhokha ezincwadini eziningana.
Ububi be-incubator kufaka okulandelayo:- uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi, ungalimaza inzalo yonke noma uyithole ezincane kakhulu kunokuhlelwa;
- kudingekile ukulawula ukuzinza kokushisa; ku-incubators, izinzwa ezishisayo ziyizingxenye ezithathelwanayo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulungisa umsebenzi;
- ukwenza amadivaysi ahlanzekile ekukhuculeni i-disinfection.
