Abalimi bezithelo bonyaka bahlangabezana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo ze-bouillon. Enye yazo ibolile phezulu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezihambisana nokukhula nokuthola izitshalo kusuka kumatamatisi.
Ake sibone ukuthi lesi sifo sisabeka yini futhi yiziphi izindlela zomzabalazo ezinikezwa isayensi nokuhlakanipha okuthandwayo.
Yini eyingozi futhi ivelaphi
Lesi sifo sibhekene nezihlahla ezincane, eziqala ukuthela izithelo. Inkinga ingaphezu kwemvelo futhi ngokuvamile ayihlotshaniswa nezilokazane noma izifo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukubola kwe-apical kubangelwa amabhaktheriya. Isifo asibulali isitshalo sonke. Izithelo ezithintekayo zika utamatisi azikwazi ukudliwa.
Bobabili utamatisi okhulayo ensimini kanye nezithombo zokugcina izitholakala kulesi sifo.
Isizathu saleso sifo ngokuvamile ukuphuza okungalungile. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho izithelo zivuthwa, kubalulekile ukuphuza utamatisi njalo. Ngokuntuleka komswakama ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kanye nokuqala kwe-fruiting, lesi sitshalo sibona ukucindezeleka kwamanzi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo zamatamatisi nendlela yokuzilawula.
Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga aqala ukuzitholela umswakama, kubandakanya ukuthatha umswakama esithelweni. Lokhu kubangela ukubukeka kokubola. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi utamatisi - isiko lihluleka kakhulu ukungena emanzini, ukuchelela okuningi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kusadingeka. Isizathu senkinga singase sibe ukwakheka kwe-crust ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zomhlaba.
Kulokhu, umswakama nje awufinyeleli izimpande. Ukuphuza njalo, kodwa ezinxenyeni ezincane futhi kuholela ekubukeni kokuphezulu.
I-nitrogen eyengeziwe emhlabathini nokuntuleka kwe-calcium nayo ibangela lesi sifo. Ukweqa ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen kungenzeka uma utamatisi ophuza ngokweqile, isibonelo, umquba wamanzi. I-calcium ayinakunakwa yizimpande zezitshalo ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu.
Inhlabathi enomhlabathi noma e-acidic iphinde ivuse isifo. Ezweni elinjalo, i-calcium iyafinyeleleki kalula emthini.
Ukutheleleka kwama-bacterium we-vertex ukuvame ukuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokuqapha kwabanikazi. Ebizwa yi-bacteria Bacillus mesentericus, i-Bacterium licopersici, njll, uma kwenzeka izithelo zokuvuthwa zilele phansi. Izinambuzane zingaba abathwali be-bacteria uhlobo lwesifo.
Izimpawu zokulimala utamatisi
Uma ama-gray grey noma ama-brownish avela esiqongweni sesithelo, uma esicwilisiwe, kusho ukuthi isihlahla sithinteka kakhulu.
Uyazi? I-Peak rot ayithinti kuphela utamatisi, kodwa futhi nezinye izidakamizwa, isibonelo, pepper, ama-eggplant.
Indawo emnyama efakwe kulesi sithelo ivela esithelweni lapho kuvela khona imbali. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwanda ngosayizi futhi kumile. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela esithelweni ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa.
Indlela yokubhekana nokubola okuphezulu kumatamatisi
Indlela engcono yokulwa nanoma yisiphi isifo ukuvimbela. Kodwa uma kungenakwenzeka ukuvimbela okwenzekayo, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganyele ekwelapheni.
Izimbangela ze-vertex ezibola utamatisi sezihloliwe, sizophinde sihlaziye izinyathelo zokulawula izifo.
Ukuvimbela kanye ne-agrotechnology
Ukubola okuphezulu kwetamatisi kungathinteka futhi imbewu esetshenziselwa ukutshala, kanti nesilinganiso esinjengokuvimbela, ingasiza ekunqobeni ukubonakaliswa okungekho emkhakheni wokuvuna isitshalo.
Indlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela izitshalo.. Zama ukugwema ukushintsha okungazelelwe emanzini. Ngosuku olulandelayo emva kokuphuza, khipha inhlabathi nge-cutter flat. I-topsoil kufanele ihlale ivulekile. Zama ukungalimazi izimpande zamatamatisi uma uvula. Ukumboza inhlabathi ngendwangu yesikhwama sembobhe kungasiza kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ukuthi ungayithola kanjani isivuno esikhulu sotamatisi esitheni sokushisa ngokusizwa ngokubhakabhaka.
Imigqa ka utamatisi kumele isuswe ukhula.
Uma utamatisi ukhula endaweni yokushisa noma ukushisa, bheka izinga lokushisa. Uma kwenzeka ukushisa, khulisa ukugeleza komoya omusha. Landela i-microclimate. Ukushintshashintsha kokushisa kokushisa nomswakama akuthandeki.
Kubalulekile! Kuzo zokugcina izithombo, utamatisi ngokuvamile uvame ukubola kwe-vertex kunaphandle..
Futhi, ungahileleki ezitshalweni ezingaphezu kwezinguquko eziqukethe umquba. Qaphela umthamo okhonjisiwe kulebuli kanye nemvamisa yesicelo emhlabathini. Uma ukondla ngomquba wamanzi noma ubhema, bukela isixazululo. Kumelwe abe buthakathaka. Ngenkathi eyanele yokondla izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu.
Enye indlela yokuvikela yinkqubo "ukuqhuma". 
Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu igxila emanzini futhi i-oxygen idluliselwa kuyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-aquarium compressor encane. Ama-bubbles e-oksijini kufanele abe amancane. Ukufeza lokhu, sebenzisa i-spray noma idlulise igesi nge-gauze. "Ukuqhuma" kudlula amahora ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye, emva kwalokho imbewu imisiwe ngokuphelele.
Amalungiselelo okuvikelwa
- Ukwandisa ukuphikiswa kwesifo jikelele, imbewu iyanconywa ukuba iphathwe nanoma yimuphi umgqugquzeli wokukhula ngaphambi kokutshala.
- Ungacubungula imbewu yesisombululo se-manganese semi-per cent.
- Futhi ukwelashwa kwembewu, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-succinic acid noma isisombululo sephesenti esisodwa se-zinc sulfate. Isixazululo se-succinic acid sisilungisiwe ngesilinganiso sika-17 ml yezinto ezidonswa ngamanzi. Kuzo zombili izimo, imbewu igcinwe isisombululo okungenani ngosuku.
- Ukugqoka ama-utamatisi we-foliar kuhle ukusebenzisa i-limestone nitrate Ca (NO3) 2. Isixazululo silungiswa ngesilinganiso sama-5-10 g wezinto eziwodwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukutshala amaqabunga asetshenziselwa uketshezi hhayi izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
- Phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezithelo, ukupuniza amaqabunga ngesisombululo se-calcium chloride CaCl2 kuyoba usizo. Isixazululo silungisiwe ngesilinganiso sika 3-4 g wezinto eziwodwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akukwenziwe okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngesonto.
- Kungenzeka ukondla ubisi lwe-Ca (OH) 2 ubisi lobisi. Isixazululo silungiswa ngesilinganiso se-1 g yesisindo ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngokusitshala amaqabunga kanye noma kabili ngesonto.
- Ithuluzi elihle ukwethulwa kokugqoka yonke indawo ye-nightshade, ngenkathi kuhlonishwa amanani. Ungakhetha umuthi "i-Nutrivant PLUS". Inhlanganisela yayo ne-additive "Fertivant" inikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Isixazululo silungiswa ngesilinganiso sama-25-30 g ngalinye ngamanzi ayi-10 l.
Uma ukubola okuphezulu sekuvele kubonakale kulawo utamatisi, ake sihlele ukuthi yini okufanele siyenze. Okokuqala, kufanele ususe izithelo ezithintekile. Kunconywa ukuba ubathathe ehlathini bese ubhubhisa kude nemibhede nezitshalo.
I-Vertex yokubola yamatamatisi - lesi sifo siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi inqubo yokwelashwa kwayo iyoletha imiphumela emihle kuphela uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile.
- Zondla izitshalo ngekhambi le-calcium chloride ngesilinganiso se-1 g yesisindo ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
- Sebenzisa ama-microbiological amalungiselelo akhethekile, isibonelo, "Fitosporin".
Ukulinganisa nokuvama kokupuniza ngezidakamizwa sicela uhlole abasizi bokuthengisa.
Ukulinganisa nokuvama kokupuniza ngezidakamizwa sicela uhlole abasizi bokuthengisa.Kubalulekile! Amakhomikhali anamanzi kanye nezithako ze-microbiological ezithengwa kuphela ezitolo ezikhethekile, emva kokubonisana nababonisi. Ngokuqinisekile bayazi ukuthi iyiphi imithi ezosebenza kangcono endaweni ethile yokulima.
- Uma kwenzeka uhlobo lwebhaktheriya lokubola kwe-apical, izinto eziqukethe ithusi zingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, i-Bordeaux liquid. Isixazululo silungiselelwe ngalendlela elandelayo: 100 g of quicklime ichitheka 1 litre amanzi, futhi 100 g we-sulfate yethusi lihlanjululwa ku-9 l amanzi. Isixazululo nge-lime senezelwa kwisixazululo samavitriol bese uhlangana kahle.
Ungalindeli imiphumela esheshayo. Kungcono ukuletha isitshalo ekuboneni izibonakaliso zesifo.
Funda futhi ngokuthi ungayondla kanjani utamatisi ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Amakhambi omphakathi
I-Vertex ukubola kwetamatisi ku-greenhouse - lokhu kwenzeka kaningi, kodwa izindlela eziningi zokwelashwa kwazo zisetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo, kubandakanya ukuvimbela lesi sifo ngamakhambi abantu.
- Okokuqala, ukutshala utamatisi kufanele kwenziwe ngebanga elanele (kuye ngokuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo). Amagatsha namaqabunga akufanele ahlangane. Esiqhingini ngasinye, faka ukufinyelela okuwanele.
- Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, ayisebenzisile kuphela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kodwa futhi emhlabathini ovulekile, uyagcina.
- Ukuphuza utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa kunconywa nsuku zonke, futhi ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme kungcono ukushintshela ekutheni ukuchelela nsuku zonke.
- Lesi sitshalo sithanda "ukuphefumula" umoya omusha. Umoya ngokuvamile uvame ukushisa noma ukushisa.
- Emithonjeni ngaphansi kwezithombo ufake ama-eggshell kanye nomlotha.
Izinhlobo eziphikisayo
Phakathi neminyaka yokuzalanisa, utamatisi we-solanaceous watholakala esikhundleni sokumelana nokubola kwe-vertex. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umphumela we-100% we-utamatisi wokuzivikela kwesifo namuhla awutholakali. Noma kunjalo, izinhlobo ezifana ne "Alpatieva 905a", "Astrakhansky", "Moryana", "Volgograd 5/95", "Ihlabathi Gribovsky 1180", "Lia", "Lunny", "Rychansky", "Akhtanak" ziphawulekayo ukumelana netipho ukubola. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukhulume ngaleyo nzalo ngokuthi "Benito F1", "Bolshevik F1", "Grand Canyon", "Glombbemaster F1", "Marfa F1", "Prikrasa F1", "Rotor F1", "Toch F1", "Pharaoh F1" ".
Naphezu kokuthi lesi sifo sivame ukutholakala kubamele be-nightshade, izindlela zokubhekana nazo zilula. Ngokuvamile, izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo kusiza ukugwema ukulahlekelwa kwemikhiqizo futhi kuvimbele ukutholakala kokubola okuphezulu kuphela, kodwa nezinye izinkinga eziningi.
