Umtshani omuhle ongenawo ukhula namachashazi uyaphupho kwanoma yimuphi umninikhaya. Kodwa labo abazama ukumisa utshani obuluhlaza obumnyama ezweni labo, bayazi ukuthi kunzima kangakanani lo msebenzi ngezinye izikhathi. Utshani obuntshani bufuna ukulungiswa okunzulu kwesayithi ngaphambi kokutshala, futhi ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo (ukuchelela, ukusika, ukusika, njll) kungaphansi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kakhulu kunokwensimu nensimu. Yiqiniso, indawo ebalulekile ku-agrotechnology yokwakha utshani omuhle yiyona ndlela efanele yokutshala isitshalo esikhulu. Enye yezinketho zokutshala utshani - i-meadow fescue.
Izici eziphilayo
I-meadow fescue iyinhlama ehlala isikhathi eside esivela emndenini wezinhlamvu eziboshwe ngamasongo ezinesihlabathi esinamandla kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izincazelo zalesi sitshalo ukuqina kwayo kwama-frost aphezulu nokugubha okusheshayo emva kokugaya kubonakala. 
Iqukethe iziqu eziningana ezikhiqizayo eziqondile, kanye nemifino emifushane, inani elikhuphuka ngokuqinile kusuka ekuguleni okuvamile. Amaqabunga ahlala eside futhi avulekile, agxilile phansi, umbala omuhle futhi ocebile ohlaza. Uma ungaqothuli utshani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, udala ama-spikelets ngendlela yama-panicles, ekucindezelekeni kokuqala, kodwa ohlakazeka ngesikhathi sezimbali.
Phakathi kwezici zesitshalo kufanele sigcizelele isakhiwo sesimiso saso. Ingxenye yalo itholakale ezingxenyeni eziphezulu zomhlabathi, inomswakama oqinile futhi usebenzela ukondla isitshalo. Izimpande ezinjalo zincane futhi zihlala isikhathi esisodwa.
U-Sizaya fescue naye uyathandwa kakhulu ekuklanyeni.
Ingxenye yesibili yesimiso sezimpande ezihlala isikhathi eside isisindo, esiya ngokujulile, siqinisa isitshalo futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa sihlinzeka ngokumelana nesomiso esihle kakhulu futhi sikwazi ukusinda ezinqabeni ezinzima, kanye nezinhlobo zama-frosts ezinzima.
UFescue unikeza ukukhula okuhle ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, noma kunjalo, amahlumela okukhulisa ngenhla aqala ukuvela kuphela ngonyaka wesibili. Emva kweminyaka engu-2-3, lesi sitshalo sikhula futhi singaphila iminyaka engaba ngu-8.
Kubalulekile! Uma udala izimo ezihle, isikhathi sokuphila semifino ye-meadow fescue singaphindwa kabili.
Ekhuluma ngobunzima bebusika besitshalo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ukuzizwa kahle ngaphansi kweqhwa, i-meadow fescue iyakwazi ukufa kalula uma ilandela izinhlanzi ze-ice crust emafenini. Futhi, lolu tshani aluthandi ushintsho oluzezelayo ekushiseni ku-offseason.
Kodwa inqwaba yamanzi emhlabathini emva kokudonsa okukhulu kweqhwa, ihamba kahle, ngisho noma umswakama uphazamisa izinsuku ezingaphezu kweyishumi ngokulandelana. Utshani olunjalo luzosinda esomiso, kodwa luzobonakala luncane kakhulu (isibalo semifino yemifino yenkathi ngesikhathi somile sincishisiwe).
I-meadow fescue isakazwa kabanzi njengesitshalo lesitshalo, kodwa kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezifanele kuyo, kusukela Kunzima ukubiza lesi sitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani obunjalo kumele bunqunywe njalo, ngoba, njengoba kuboniswe ezithombeni eziningi, indawo enganakiyo enezipikane eziphakemeyo ezitholakalayo ngokushesha ithola ukubukeka okungenalutho nokungathandeki.
Uyazi? Omunye wamagatsha amahle kakhulu emhlabeni wonke osezindaweni-dolobha zase-Australia, ngaphambi kwesakhiwo sephalamende. Inombolo yezipayipi zokunisela kwayo ziyizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili, okuyizinkulungwane zamamitha ayizinkulungwane zamanzi ezidlula nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ama-Australia akwazi ukudala utshani obuhle kakhulu, ngisho nasophahleni lwesakhiwo sikahulumeni. Kulokhu, kuhlale nje ukuqagela ukuthi kungakanani amandla adingekayo ukuze alondoloze esimweni esihle kangaka.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela zensimbi enjalo
Ngakho-ke, isitshalo njengotshani obuntshani akufanele wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi kahle ukuthi luhlobo luni lomhlaba ozokwakhiwa, yiziphi izimo zokuqala ezinazo.
Izinzuzo
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziphelele zesikhathi eside kufanele kugcizelele lokhu okulandelayo:
- ngokuhlwanyela okufanelekile, ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila utshani buzobukeka bugcwele ngotshani obuluhlaza obuhlaza, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimbi ezimbi;
- utshani lwotshani olunjalo luyakha inhle kakhulu, ebushelelezi futhi epholile;
- lesi sitshalo sikhuphuka ngesikhathi sokurekhoda, ngokoqobo kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa emva kokuhlwanyela, futhi emva kwenyanga utshani buba luhlaza ngokulinganayo;
- esebenzise kanye kuphela inani elidingekayo lomzamo futhi unikeza isitshalo ngokunakekelwa okungenani okudingekayo, ungakha utshani oluzohlala iminyaka eyishumi nengxenye noma ngaphezulu;
- utshani obunjalo, ngenxa yezimpande ezinamandla, luzokwazi ukubekezelela ubusika obunzima futhi kalula ngaphandle kokuphuza ngisho nasesimo sezulu esomile, uma sikhuluma ngesonto noma ezimbili, hhayi izinyanga. (Ngakho-ke, i-fescue iyinhlangano enhle yokutshala ezindlini zasehlobo lapho abanikazi ungahlali, futhi kwenzeke ngokuvakashelwa okufishane);
- ukugaya okuvamile akulimazi isitshalo, kodwa kuthuthukisa ukubonakala komtshani, kuyilapho iziqu ezinamathele zilula futhi zingaboni;
- Izimpande zonyaka utshani zikhula ngendlela ephawulekayo, ngenxa yokuthi utshani ludonselwa phambi kwenqwaba eluhlaza obuningi;
- i-fescue ingakhula kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho ezinye izitshalo zoma ngokushesha futhi ziphuzi;
- Ukhula lufanelekile kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukwakha ukugqoka okwesibhakabhaka nokuhle phakathi kwezihlahla.
I-Cons
Fescue meadow ngokuphelele ayifanele ama-elite lawnslapho umklami ehlose ukuthola uhla lwe-emerald utshani oluhle, olufana nekhasi elibiza kakhulu lasePheresiya egumbini elikhulu legodlo lobukhosi. Etsheni elinjalo, njengoba bekusho, aliphuli, kodwa ligoba ngobumnene, njenge-fluff turf, iqanda uma likhonswa kusukela ekuphakameni kwesigamu somuntu. I-heroine yendaba yethu ngeke ivumele ukudala umphumela onjalo, kulula kumasayithi.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa intshonalanga enhle ukufaka ama-sun loungers noma ukubamba imidlalo esebenzayo, udinga ukusebenzisa olunye utshani kulokhu. I-Meadow fescue ibheka okuhle kuphela ematsheni, okungahambi.Futhi lokhu mhlawumbe kuyinhloko enkulu yalokhu utshani, ngoba ama-cottage asekhaya ngokuvamile anekhala elincane kakhulu ukuze azivumele ukunethezeka kokuhlela utshani obuluhlaza kuphela ukuwujabulela kusuka kude.
Uma uqhathanisa i-fescue nezinye utshani obuntshani, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukumnakekela kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhuluYebo, nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi isitshalo kwenza izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ukwenza utshani bubukeke buhle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlwanyela utshani ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuphela kuleli cala kuyoba nesikhathi sokwenza uhlelo oluhle lwempande futhi ungene kahle ebusika.
Okokugcina, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, utshani olunjalo kufanele ludikwe njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ngokushesha lulahlekelwe ukukhangisa kwabo, ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani luqala ukuhluma kusukela ekuhlumeni kwembewu ewela, konke ukufaniswa kokufakwa kuzobe sekulahlekelwa ithemba.
Ngakho-ke, kulokho okubizwa okuthiwa ama-Moorish - iphupho lendawo ehlala evila ehlala kulo - lolu utshani, ngeshwa, alusebenzi kancane.
Uyazi? Ngenkathi i-prim yaseYurophu sekuyisikhathi eside ikhetha ukuklanywa komhlaba, okwakhiwa ngamagatsha aqoshwe kahle, lapho umuthi ngamunye wezitshalo, ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi abaningi, ubude obufanayo, insimu yamaMoor, okubonakala kwayo ehlotshaniswa nomthelela we-caliphs kanye nama-emirs, i-grass variegated yezimbali zasendle , okwakungeke kuthintane nezindwangu zensimu nama-scythes. Imfashini yamahlumela aseMoor yaqala ukungena eYurophu okungenani eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule.Ngokufanelekile kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingxenye ethile yezinto ezingalungile zokusebenzisa imifino yokufakela emklamo we-landscape ingahle ilungiswe kancane ngokuyixuba namanye ama-herbs okutshani.
Isicelo sokuhlanganiswa utshani utshani
I-Meadow fescue isetshenziselwa izingxube ezihlukahlukene zensimbi, okwakhiwa kuyo kuxhomeke indima abayidlala ngayo ekuklanyeleni kwezwe. Kulesi simo, ngokuvamile lokhu utshani namanje yenza njengesitshalo esikhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma, ngokwesibonelo, uma sikhuluma mayelana nokuhlelwa kwendawo yokudla kwehlobo ehlobo, imikhosi kufanele ifakwe engxenyeni yensimbi ngobuncane, ngoba, njengoba sekushiwo, ngenxa yokunyathelisa, ilahlekelwa ngokuphelele umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, indima ebaluleke kakhulu yalokhu utshani inganikezwa kumklamo wokuhlobisa wemingcele noma ukuhlukanisa indawo eyodwa kwesayithi kwenye indawo, kanye nokuklama umshini phakathi kwezihlahla zezithelo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuxuba i-meadow fescue nezinye izitshalo ngokuqapha, ngoba lesi sitshalo sithanda kakhulu ilanga futhi asibekezeleli abancintisana empini yokulwa nendawo ngaphansi kwalo. Ngakho-ke, uma izimo kusayithi lakho zifanelekile kule mithi, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile, ngaphandle kokuyixuba nganoma yini.Uma ngabe kunesidingo esisodwa noma esinye kusadingeka ukuphucula i-fescue, ngenxa yalezi njongo i-clover ebomvu neyomhlophe ivame ukusetshenziswa, i-timothy meadow, kanye ne-meadow bluegrass kanye ne-long-term reissue utshani obudume kakhulu ezindaweni zethu. Isibonelo, ingxube ye-landscape yezingadi ye-landscape iqukethe amadlelo ama-rayhgassa ne-meadow fescue ku-3: 2.
Ngomgomo ofanayo, enye ingxube izoba efanelekile (ibizwa nangokuthi "yonke indawo"): i-meadow bluegrass, unyaka owodwa namadlelo ama-meadowgrass yengezwe emadodeni fescue ngo-6: 1: 1: 2. Kuzodidi ezinezithunzi, inhlanganisela enobumba obomvu, kanye ne-rigassa eneminyaka elilodwa (isilinganiso esivamile esiyi-3: 6: 1) sifaneleka kangcono.
Uma kunesidingo sokwakha utshani ezindaweni eziluhlaza kakhulu zasemadolobheni, thatha izingxenye ezimbili zemifino fescue: izingxenye ezine ze-timothy utshani, izingxenye ezimbili zonyaka owodwa we-rigasse, izingxenye ezimbili zezinkukhu zeqembu likazwelonke noma izingxenye ezingu-4 zokhuni lwe-timothy nezingxenye ezimbili zonyaka owodwa namadlelo, noma izingxenye ezingu-8 i-raigassa yokudla kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zonyaka nezingxenye ezine ze-timothy meadow.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo
Isibambiso somswakama omuhle yindawo ekhethiwe kahle, ekahle esitshalweni esikhulu. I-Meadow fescue, njengoba sekushiwo, izwa kahle ezindaweni ezinelanga futhi wenza izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabathini.
Uyazi? Kuvela ukuthi utshani akuyona kuphela imfashini futhi enhle, kodwa futhi kuyasiza kakhulu. Okokuqala, odokotela baye bafakazela ukuthi umbala obomvu unomphumela wokubangela isimiso sethu sezinzwa, ngakho-ke sibheke utshani obuluhlaza endlini, ngaleyo ndlela sizikhulula emiphumeleni yokucindezeleka nokucindezeleka. Okwesibili, utshani obuvamile buyithatha uthuli futhi luvutha umsindo wendawo yasemadolobheni, okubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni zokuphila okungcolile.Akusikho ukunyusa ukusho ukuthi sisebenzisana nomuntu oveza ukuzala. Inhlabathi eyomileyo ayibi ngalokhu utshani; inhlabathi enhlabathini ayiyona into engcono kakhulu. Kodwa ngokubonga okukhulu ukuhlala isikhathi eside kuzophendukela enhlabathini enhlabathi, e-loamy noma e-loamy ecebile e-humus. Ubuningi be-acid bungahlukana phakathi kuka-5-6, kanti inhlabathi yomunyu ibekezelela kangcono kune-timothy meadow engenhla.
Ukulungiselela isayithi
Uma ufuna ukuba nomswakama omuhle, ungalindeli ukuthi uzokwakhiwa ngokwawo. Labo abathengile i-dacha, bagcwele utshani obuluhlaza okhalweni, banquma ukuthi kwakwanele ukusisika futhi bathulule ingxube enotshani etholakala esitolo esiseduzane, futhi uzothola utshani esithombeni - wayephutha kabi.
Enye inkinga ukuthi le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Okokuqala okujwayele kakhulu - ukumba. Okwesibili - ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali. Esimweni sokuqala, uchitha amandla amaningi, okwesibili - ngokudlukisayo, isikhathi esiningi, ngoba ungahlwanyela utshani obusha kungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-1.5-2 ngemuva kokwelashwa, futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi uzobukela amahlumela ahlumela ukhula olusha, kuzodingeka ukususa kakade ngesandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani obunobuthi obunobuthi buyadingeka ukuthi bunqunywe futhi bususwe kusayithi, ngakho-ke, kunoma yikuphi, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba. Uma unquma ukungayisebenzisi ekhemistry, awudingi ukumba umhlaba, futhi ususe kuphela ungqimba ophezulu we-turf kuwo - utshani kanye nezimpande zawo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, utshani obunjalo bungasetshenziswa ngokumangalisayo: ukhethe indawo encane yale bhizinisi bese ugoqa ungqimba obususwe obususwe nezimpande zawo. Kuzothatha iminyaka embalwa, lesi sitshalo sizobola, senze indawo entsha evundile evumelana nokusebenza emsebenzini wezolimo.
Kubalulekile! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungabonakalisa kanjani okungajwayelekile, ngaphambi kokutshala utshani esiqhingini, kubalulekile ukuba ususe ngobukhulu lokho okuvele kukhula kuso.
Ngaphandle kwezimila, udinga ukususa yonke inkunkuma, amatshe, izitini, izinhlawulo zokukhonkolo kusuka esiqhingini, kungenjalo ngeke ubone intshonalanga enhle neyifomu. Isayithi elihlanjululwe kufanele lihanjiswe futhi londle umhlaba. Kungcono ukusebenzisa lo manyolo okhethekile utshani obuntshani. Isigaba sokugcina - ukunyathelisa phansi indawo futhi kulula ukuyikhulula.
Izwe lomtshani akumele libe njenge-fluff, kodwa ama-clods amakhulu kufanele aphulwe. Isakhiwo esilungisiwe ngale ndlela sishiywe yedwa isikhathi esithile, ukuze umhlaba ngokwemvelo uphonseke futhi izimpande ezokhula ezisele zivele.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
I-Meadow Fescue ukuhlwanyela kahle entwasahloboKule ndlela kuphela utshani buyoba nesikhathi sokulungisa kahle. Ukuze kuhlume, kwanele ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwangaphandle liyizicucu ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwezinga. Imbewu igcina ukufana kwayo isikhathi eside, ngokugcina kahle - kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu.
Izinga lokulinganisa ngokulinganisa - 100 g ngamakhulu, kodwa ngokugcina isikhathi eside, le namba inganda. Ukujula kokutshala emhlabathini kuxhomeke ekubunjweni komhlabathi: enhlabathini eyindayo, kwanele ukumba umhlabathi we-1-1.5 cm, ukujula okuphakathi nokukhanya kufanele kwandiswe, ngokulandelana, kube ngu-2 no-2.5 cm.
Ngemuva kokuba imbewu ilele, ama-groove angcwatshwa nge-rake, emva kwalokho isayithi lihlanganiswe nezinyawo noma i-roller ekhethekile yokugubha utshani. Esikhathini sokuqala, utshani kufanele buphuze nge-spreader umswakama ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela amancane.
Ukunakekelwa kwegundane
Uma isimo sokuqala sotshani esihle sikulungiselela kahle isayithi, ke lesibili sikulungiselela njalo futhi sinakekelwa njalo. Uma ufuna ukuhlanzeka utshani obuluhlaza nxazonke endlini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ungahlose ukuchitha isikhathi sakho kuso, uthenga utshani lobuciko (zokwenziwa). Utshani obuncani alusilo ukhula nhlobo, olukhula luwodwa. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokhula ehlobo olumile luba yi-deadwood, okumele sikhulume ngezitshalo zokuhlobisa.
Uma usebenzisa i-lawnmower yokutshala utshani, ungaphinda wenze i-mulching, eyokuvumela ukuba ugcine umswakama.
Ukunakekela ngokucophelela kudinga intshani encane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhulunywa kangakanani ngezimfanelo ezingenammango ze-meadow fescue, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ungathembela kakhulu kuzo kungakapheli eminyakeni engu-2-3 emva kokuduka.
Ekuqaleni, utshani bubekezelela kakhulu isomiso, ikakhulukazi uma okungenani usuphuzile kancane ngokuhlwanyela. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ngonyaka wokuqala uhlelo lwempande alukathuthuki, futhi le nqubo ihamba kancane. Kuyinto egcwele ukuphuza izinwele nokugqoka izinwele njalo kuzoqinisekisa ukubunjwa okusheshayo kwe-turf - uhlelo lwempande lensimu yethu.
Kodwa njengoba usuphile ngonyaka wokuqala, i-fescue idinga ukukhunjulwa. Kulezi zigaba futhi ezilandelayo ukunakekelwa kwe-lawn kunezinto ezilandelayo:
- NgoMashi: sihlola isimo somtshina emva kwebusika, uma kunesidingo, ukukala ngokucophelela ama-depressions akhiwe ukuze amanzi ashubile asakazwe esigabeni ngokulinganayo;
- Ngo-Ephreli: sondla utshani ngezingxenye zamaminerali (ukunakwa okukhethekile kubhalwa i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus);
- Mhlana: susa udoti oqoqwe esakhiweni kanye nalokho okubizwa kuthiwe - izimbombo zokutshala utshani, iziqu ezomile namaqabunga. Khumbula: uzizwa - isitha esiyingozi entshonalanga: ayivumeli utshani ukuba luphefumule futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, lugqamisa ukubonakala komtshani. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, sifeza ukugaya kuqala kokutshani;
- NgoJuni: enye inwele yezinwele kanye nenye indawo yokuqondanisa;
- lonke ihlobo: ukusika, ukuchelela njalo nokukhulelwa;
- NgoSeptemba: ukuphuza kancane kancane kunciphisa, sondla umhlaba nge-phosphorus ne-potassium. I-nitrojeni ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ikhunjulwe, ngoba ivuselela ukukhula kohlaza, futhi thina esiteshini asidingi;
- Ngo-Okthoba: ukunqunywa kwezinwele zokugcina, kuhluke kunalokho okudlule kulokho ebusika kubalulekile ukushiya okungenani ama-5 cm utshani, ukuhlanza nokukhipha (ukukhulula kancane ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi nge-rake). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlole ngokucophelela utshani, futhi uma kunezibonakaliso zezifo ezifayo, ziphathwe nge-fungicide systemic;
- Ebusika, ukunakekelwa kwetshani kuyadingeka kuphela uma kuhlanganiswa ne-ice crust: lo mkhuhlane udinga ukuphulwa, ngaphandle kwalokho utshani luzofa ngaphansi kwalo.
Kubalulekile! Ngemva kokubunjwa kwendlalelo encane ye-turf eyenza utshani lube namandla, lungazimela ngokuzimela ukhula, lubekezelele isithwathwa nesomiso.Njengoba ubona, i-meadow fescue iyinhlangano enhle kulabo abafuna ukwakha intshonalanga enhle, kodwa ukuze bazuze umphumela omuhle, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lesi sitshalo asithandeki futhi silandele yonke imithetho yokunakekela.
