Ezimweni zasemadolobheni, i-black pine iyisisindo esithembisayo kakhulu, esibonakala ngezakhiwo ezinhle zokuhlobisa, ukutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa kwayo kuzovumela ukukhula izitshalo ezihlala njalo.
Izinaliti ezincane nombala omnyama we-trunk kudala izici ezimnyama eziyingqayizivele. Uhlobo lukhula ezinhlotsheni eziningi zenhlabathi, lunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo zokuhlobisa.
Kulesi sihloko uzothola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko zamapayipi amnyama asetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa, incazelo yalo yokutshala izithombo nokunakekela izitshalo.
I-black pine: incazelo nezinhlobonhlobo
I-black pine (eyaziwa ngesiLatini njengePinus nigra) isitshalo sasendle esitholakala ezintabeni zaseYurophu. Ikakhulukazi ikhula emithambekeni ephakeme ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane nesigamu ngaphezu kolwandle, kumhlabathi wokubala wezintambo zaseningizimu.
Endle, ikhula ikakhulukazi ezintabeni, abalimi abaningi bayazi njengentaba emnyama ipine. Umuthi ufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-40, ube nesiqu esiqondile ngokugxila ngokujulile okumnyama nokumnyama. Emithini emifushane, umqhele yi-pyramid, kusuka kubamele besikhathi esidala kuthatha uhlobo lwesambulela-like. 
Izinaliti zinezilinganiso ezimbili emthonjeni, umbala omnyama omnyama, oqinile, omelele, oqondile noma ovalwe kancane nge-tip ebukhali. Ama-cones emagatsheni akhula ngokuzungezile, aphuzi obomvu ngombala, nge-petiole emfushane.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zalolu hlobo lwephayini zingahle zikhethwe ukuvikela umoya, i-group noma i-soliternoy yokutshala, njengomhlobiso wensimu, i-alpine slide noma ichibi. Kukhona ngisho nama-subspecies asetshenziselwa ibhonsai.
Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu ze-alpine slide ziyi: alissum, crocuses, young, iberis, amabell, fescue.
I-Globosa ehlukahlukene inomqhele omuhle, okhululekile, ojikelezayo, cishe ubude obuyi-3 m, ububanzi bomqhele buyi-3-4 m. UNana ubheka i-Spilberg engathandeki futhi engavamile, eyakha ibhola elingamamitha amabili ububanzi. 
Umqhele omncane wekholomu uhlukaniswe yizinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zePyramidalis, umuthi uFastigiata uhambelana kakhulu. Kufika ku-5 m ukukhula kwama cultivars athandwayo kakhulu iSinfonia ne-Green Rocket.
Abanini bezithelo balula izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezibizwa ngokuthi i-graft esihlahleni esiphansi bese bakha ibhola, okungukuthi i-Brepo.
Uma ufuna ukuthola umqubu ohlangene noma ibhola ensimini, sebenzisa lezi zinhlobo: Marie Bregeon, Rumamaa, Ottos Compacta, Jeddeloh - bakhula ngempumelelo engadini yaseJapane, kanye nezingadi ze-rock kanye nebhedi elivamile lemibala ngemibala ekhanyayo. 
Indawo engcono kunazo zonke emhlabeni
Izihlahla zihlahla zasebusika-eziqinile, zithwala umoya omile. Futhi ama-conifers ayamelana nokungcola kwemvelo.
Shadow noma ukukhanya?
I-Pine yisitshalo esithande kakhulu. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezihlale zikhanyisiwe. Kunconywa ukutshala izithombo ezimnyama ze-pine ezindaweni ezivulekile zelanga.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-pine efanelekile enhlabathini noma enhlabathini enhlabathini. Uma kunenhlabathi enzima kwisayithi (ubumba ne-loam), kuyodingeka amanzi engeziwe. Ukuze uthole umhlabathi ofanelekayo wamanzi, ubumba obanzi, izingcezu zezitini eziphukile. Kunconywa ukwenza isendlalelo se-drainage ngobukhulu okungenani 20 cm emgodini wokufika.
Kusadingeka ukuba unake ukunakekelwa kwe-acidity yenhlabathi. Ukuze umhlabathi omnyama wephayini kufanele ube yi-alkali noma ungathathi hlangothi. Uma inhlabathi i-acidic kakhulu, lokhu kungalungiswa nge-lime.
I-0.3 kg ye-lime yengezwe emgodini wokutshala futhi ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, amanzi athululelwa emgodini, futhi kuphela lapho isitshalo sitshalwe khona. 
Ukutshala imithetho izithombo
I-Pine emnyama, ebizwa ngokuthi i-nigra pine ngenxa yombala we-trunk, isitshalo esibanda kakhulu, sibekezelela kakhulu umswakama ophezulu ophansi. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zithokozisa ukwakheka komkhathi futhi zikhule ngisho nasezimo eziyingozi zemvelo.
Uyazi? I-legend yasendulo yamaGrisi ithi amapayipi aphuma e-nymph ekuseni ekuseni - uPitis, ukuze afihle eBoreas, unkulunkulu womoya wasenyakatho, waba umuthi wephayini.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ukhethe izithombo eziphezulu kuphela ezingathengwa ezihlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene. Ungazama futhi ukuthatha ipulazi kusukela ekutshalweni kwepine eliseduzane, kodwa izitshalo ezinjalo zikhula kancane, zigula futhi kaningi aziyizimpande.
Izilwane zasendle ziyafa ikakhulukazi eminyakeni embalwa. Izithombo akufanele zibe ngaphansi kweminyaka emithathu futhi zingadluli kuneminyaka emihlanu. Kanye nesitsha, ukuvunwa ngokucophelela kufanele kuthunyelwe kusayithi lokufika.
Njengoba uthenge isiteji endaweni yokulala, uthola isiqinisekiso sokukhula okujwayelekile, futhi uthole ulwazi olubalulekile ngokutshala nokunakekela isihlahla. 
Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukutshala isitshalo entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa ngokwenza isikhathi isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo yisiphakathi kwentwasahlobo, ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kungcono kakhulu.
I-sapine sapine yamapulangwe isitshala ngaphandle kokukhipha i-coma yomhlaba eye igcinwe emanzini. Qaphela ngokucophelela ukulimala emgodini, ugcwalise isikhala samahhala nomhlabathi, ulawule isikhundla esiqondile somuthi.
Gweba phansi kancane kancane umhlabathi, qala emgodini wangaphandle womgodi futhi ngemuva kokuba isithombo sehlezi kancane kancane - qala ukusiphazamisa yonke indiza.
Kubalulekile! Insipho impande lapho kutshalwa kufanele kube khona phezu komhlaba - ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho isithombo singase sinyamalale.
Ukulungiselela i-Pit
Ngaphambi kokutshala lesi sihlahla kufanele kube ngumgodi olungiselelwe kahle.
Ubukhulu bomgodi buxhomeke kubukhulu besistimu yezimpande zezithombo zakho. Ngaphansi komgogodla womgodi, ukugcinwa kufanele kube ngu-20 cm, ngokujula - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-30 cm, ukulungiswa kocingo lwamanzi okufaka ungena kulokhu kujula.
Umhlabathi akufanele ube nzima, kungcono ukuthatha okuphekwe. Ukuze ulungise inhlabathi efanele, hlanganisa inhlabathi ye-turf, udaka nomhlabathi wesigodi kule nxenye elandelayo: izingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi, izingxenye ezimbili zobumba, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi, engeza no-40 g we-fertilizer nitrogenous.
Thela ungqimba lwamanzi phansi komgodi, lungiselela umhlabathi kusuka phezulu uphinde uwususe kancane. Ngokususelwa ebukhulu besimiso sezimpande zezithombo, kubalulekile ukwenza umgodi futhi uhlanganise umhlabathi.
I-patterning yokuhamba
Indlela yokufika kufanele ibe kanje. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ubukhulu, uma utshala izitshalo ezidala futhi ngaleyo ndlela wenze izikhathi ezidingekayo. Uma utshala izithombo ezincane zezinhlobo ezincane - shiya ibanga elingamamitha amabili nesigamu phakathi kwezihlahla, uma izinhlobonhlobo zephayinsi zikhulu, kufanele uhambe ngamamitha amahlanu phakathi kwezihlahla.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela ipeni elimnyama kulula, ngoba lesi sitshalo asifuni. Ake sihlolisise lokho okudingayo ukunaka lapho unakekela ipeni.
Ukunisela nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuchelela okwengeziwe. I-black pine yisigqimane sommso. Futhi kufanele iphuze kuphela ngezikhathi ezomile kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amapineli awabekezeleli umswakama namanzi aphelile.
Futhi ukugcina izinaliti kunomthelela ekugcinweni komswakama emhlabathini. Ukuchelela okwengeziwe kungenzeka ngesikhathi sekwindla (wonke amaqabunga azowa). Ukunisela okunjalo kunconywa izithombo ezintsha, njengoba inhlabathi emanzi igxuma kancane, futhi lokhu kuvimbela isithombo kusuka izinsizi entwasahlobo ukuvutha.
Amaphilisi e-Pine ashisa ngenxa yokuthi umqhele we-pine uvuka ngokushesha, futhi inhlabathi efriziwe ayiniki izimpande ngokwanele umswakama. Lokhu kunqunywe ukuchelela okungeziwe ekwindla. 
Kusadingeka ukuba unake umhlabathi oseduze naleso sitshalo. Uma inhlabathi ihlanganisiwe, kufanele ikhululiwe.
Umbhede we-conifer uzokwakha nxazonke zomuthi. Ungayisusi, ngoba izogcina umswakama futhi ifake humus.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kunconywa ukondla izithombo ezincane eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala emva kokutshala. Kungcono ukondla izithombo ngamanyolo omanyolo ukuze umanyolo ungene emhlabathini ngokushesha futhi ungene esitshalweni.
Izihlahla ezikhulile, umanyolo oqinile we-pellets noma i-powder ingasetshenziswa njengesigqoko esiphezulu.
Uyazi? Isilikhi yokufakelwa kanye nesikhumba sokufakelwa senziwe ngokhuni lwephayini.Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, lesi sitshalo sizoba nomanyolo owanele ozobuthelwa kulolo luthi ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Ukudubula
Ukusika izihlahla njalo akudingekile.
Uma ufisa, ungakha umqhele we-black pine, wenze kube mnandi kakhulu. Ukwenza lokhu, ekwindla bachitha ukusika izikhukhula zonyaka.
Ungase futhi uthathe iphayini ukuze ukhule kancane. Ngalokhu udinga ukusika amahlumela amancane mayelana nobude besithathu. 
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Frost
Abantu abadala bamaPine Stoics ukuze baqhwabe. Futhi izithombo ezincane zidinga ukunakekelwa, njengoba zingathola ukushisa kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, ebusika bahlanganiswa ngamaqabunga e-spruce, ama-sacking angavamile noma izembozo ezikhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Akunqatshelwe ukumboza amaphini amancane ngezinto ezincane kanye ne-polyethylene. Lezi zinto izithombo ze-vyperevaet.Kunconywa izinsika zemithi emincane ekupheleni kwekwindla nokushiya indawo yokuhlala kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti.
Yeka ukuthi imifino emnyama ye-pin
Abasimili bevame ukuthola izithombo lapho umuthi usakazeka ngembewu, ngoba ukusakazeka nge-cuttings kanye nokuhlanganiswa akuphumelelanga. Uma ufuna ukuhamba yonke indlela lapho utshala kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekupheleni, zama ukukhulisa isithombo kusuka enzalweni.
Imbewu yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma amabhokisi akhethekile. Ukutshala emabhokisini kunenzuzo, ngoba imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile ingabhubhisa amagundane. 
Imbewu ye-Pine ayidingi ukulungiswa okungeziwe, nakuba ungakwazi ukusheshisa ukukhula kwezithombo uma usebenzisa ushintsho ekushiseni okuzungezile.
Ngokufudumala okubukhali imbewu ihluma ngokushesha. Ukuze uhlele umehluko omkhulu ekushiseni, faka imbewu efrijini, bese uwabeka ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele.
Amabhokisi lapho imbewu ezokhula khona ingaba yimuphi umthombo, yenza izimbobo kuzo ukukhipha umswakama owedlulele. Esikhatsini se-crate, umhlabathi kufanele ube obala, uphinde ufafaze nge-peat phezulu.
I-Peat iyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo ezifungayo, izithombo ezincane ziyakwazi ukubhekana nazo. 
Hlwanyela imbewu kancane, ungamane uwathulule enhlabathini elungiselelwe, bese uyikhulula. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kufanele libe ngu-5 mm okungenani, uma ungayigcinanga ibanga elinjalo, izithombo ziyophakamisa umhlaba futhi izimpande zethenda zime.
Izifo Zokutshala Nezinambuzane
E-mountain pine, izifo ezinjalo ziyingozi: umvuthwandaba, umdlavuza wokuqothula (isifo somdlavuza, i-seryanka), i-pine pinwheel, i-scleroderriosis (isambulela isifo), i-necrosis yamagxolo, i-schutte.
ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela izitshalo kuzovumela ukuvikela izithombo zakho kusukela izinambuzane, okuyinto kuleli kilasi okuningi, okungukuthi, noHerme, bug zikaphayini podkorny, izinambuzane zikaphayini esikalini, aphid, uphayini, uphayini Jose esikalini, uphayini sawfly, yizimbuzane, uphayini bhu, uphayini Looper, rhyacionia i-pin, i-pine scoop, i-cone umlilo, i-pine miner moth, i-resin Isigaxa, i-pine barbel, i-pine zlatka, i-beetle enkulu neyincane ye-pine bark, i-Smolevka dot, i-pine indlovu. 
Muva nje, i-pine ayiyona nje isihlahla sonyaka omusha kuphela, kodwa futhi isitshalo esithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, lapho abantu bejabulela ubuhle bayo nephunga elimnandi. Ukutshala ipeni elimnyama ngeke kube nzima, futhi kuyokujabulisa iminyaka eminingi.
