Uma usungusha embonini yenkukhu futhi unquma ukuqala isipiliyoni sakho ngokuzalisa i-duck, "ukukhipha" kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqala! Lokhu kuwuhlobo oludala lwamazinyo ezinkukhu, okusetshenziselwa ngempumelelo ekuzaleni ukuzalana kwezinhlobo ezintsha ezintsha. Lezi amadada zigcwele yonke indawo kokubili ezimbonini nasemapulazini amancane, futhi zithole udumo oluhle ngenxa yokungazitholi, ukukhula okusheshayo nokudla okunomsoco nokulinganisela kakhulu. Mhlawumbe, ngokucabangela zonke lezi zimfanelo, kukhona cishe abaphikisanayo abafanelekayo kuPeking.
Incazelo yokuzalwa
Njengoba igama lohlobo luveza, izwe lakubo yiChina. NguMbuso Wasezulwini owaziwa nge-Peking Duck dish yakhe edumile.
Uyazi? Kunezinguquko eziningana zomsuka wegama elithi "iphephandaba i-duck", elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izindaba zamanga ezishicilelwe kumaphephandaba. Kumele kuvunywe ukuthi akuzona zonke ezixhumene ngqo nenyoni, ezinye zisekelwe emdlalweni wamazwi aqhamuka ngezilimi ezahlukene. Kodwa nansi ezimbili zephephandaba ze-"duck" zephephandaba: ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, olunye uhlelo lwesiFulentshi lwanyathelisa indlela yokuqala yokuzingela amadada, okukhomba ukutheleleka okukhethekile komuntu oyedwa, okwakungasakazela abanye isifo, futhi bangathathwa ngezandla ezingenalutho. Emakhulwini amabili eminyaka kamuva, isihloko esivela ezweni elifanayo mayelana nokugubha kwamadada ayingqayizivele, saqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa, onamadada angamashumi amabili, wabondla ngokulandelana ukuze ekugcineni kube nomunye owayedlile wonke amanye.
Ngakho-ke, ake siqale ingxoxo eningiliziwe mayelana nodada wePeking ngencazelo yokuzalwa.
Umlando wemvelaphi
Ngokusemthethweni, kucatshangwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwadalwa cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu amathathu edlule enhloko-dolobha yaseChina. 
Kodwa-ke, ngokusho komlando, amaShayina ahlanganyela ekuthunjweni kwedada elimhlophe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane eyedlule, lapho ababusi bamaJin noJuan, bezingela la madada ngokuzingela, bakwazi ukuqonda izinga eliphezulu le nyama yale nyoni futhi babefisa ukuba nomkhiqizo ophezulu ekhishini labo.
Ngenxa yalokho, amadada asePeking aqala ukudla, ngakho ukuzala kwabo kwaqala ekhaya, futhi ekugcineni bathola izinhlobo eziye zahlonywa ngempumelelo kuze kube yilolu suku: hhayi eChina kuphela, kodwa emhlabeni jikelele.
Esikhathini esidlule okungenani ikhulu leminyaka, le nyoni iyaziwa kakhulu e-United States of America futhi cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. 
E-China ngokwalo, ekukhiqizeni kwale nyoni, wonke amabhizinisi amabhizinisi akhiwa: unikeza umsebenzi inani elikhulu lamaShayina, futhi ngaleyo ndlela liwapha yonke imiqondo yegama.
Funda mayelana nezici zokuzalisa amadada ama-musk, izintandokazi ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amadada aseBashkir, iMulard nama Mandarin.
Izici zangaphandle
Idada lePeking lihlukaniswe ngetakhiwo layo eliqinile, umzimba omningi, ogcwele umchamo omhlophe, ongenamandla kaningi okhilimu, amaphiko anamandla eduze komzimba kanye nenhloko enkulu enekhanda elimnyama elinomlenze nomlomo obomvu obomvu.
Imigqa emifushane, kodwa eqinile. Intamo emfushane nenhle kanye nomsila omncane ophakanyisiwe ohlotshisiwe ukugcwalisa ukubukeka. Isisindo sowesifazane okhulile silinganisa ngaphakathi kuka 3.5 kg, ngezinye izikhathi i-drakes ithola okungaphezulu kuka-4 kg. 
Izilwane ezincane ezithola ngokushesha isisindo ngokunakekelwa kahle kakade zilinganisa kancane kancane kunezingu-3 kg ezinyangeni ezimbili. - Kule minyaka yobudala inyama yenkukhu iyona enhle kunazo zonke, iyisithambile, isondle futhi ilinganisela futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza iPeking Duck edumile.
Uyazi? AmaBrithani ahlakaniphile ahlonipha izilwane kakhulu kangangokuthi ngenxa yabo zilungele ukuyeka okwesikhashana impi. Ngakho kwasekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka edlule eDublin, lapho impi yezempi phakathi kweBrithani ne-Irish ezama ukuxazulula ensimini yepaki kazwelonke. Ngesikhathi sokudla amadada ahlala epaki, izinhlupho zaphela, futhi izinhlangothi zombili zibukele ngokuhlonipha ukudla okungenakudliwa kwezinyoni.
Ukukhiqiza
Ama-peking amadada azuzisa kakhulu ngokukhula. Ngokungafani, uthi, kusukela kuma-partridges enza imindeni engumndeni, lezi zinyoni zingatholakala kusuka - idrake eyodwa kwabafazi abahlanu. 
Uma nje ifika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, idada liqala ukuhlala esidlekeni, futhi isikhathi sayo sokukhiqiza singadlula iminyaka emithathu. Ngamaphi amaqanda amahhashi e-Peking athwala, kuncike ezimweni zokuboshwa: ngokwesilinganiso, ngokunakekelwa kahle, ungalindela ikhulu noma isigamu ngonyaka.
Emgodini wePeking, akuyona inyama kuphela ehlonishwayo, kodwa futhi amaqanda ngokwabo. Zingaba ngu-90 g (lokhu kungokwesinye nesigamu kuya izikhathi ezimbili ngaphezu kweqanda lezinkukhu).
Funda ukuthi ungakha kanjani indlu ngezandla zakho futhi uhlomise igumbi lokutshala indoutok.Amaqanda e-duck - okwenziwe kwangempela futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima kakhulu. Emazweni asempumalanga, isibonelo, eJapane naseChina, abuye aqoqwe ngamakhambi nezinongo, ngenxa yokuthi umkhiqizo ungagcinwa izinyanga eziningana.
Uyazi? Zokupheka ezingavamile kunawo wonke amaqanda amadada, mhlawumbe, angaziqhenya ngamaShayina namaPhilippines. Abokuqala bangezela imbewu ye-sesame kanye ne-lime emkhiqizo, ngenxa yalokho i-isikhukhi ithola uhlamvu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa amaprotheni aphenduka amnyama. Lokhu kudla okupheka kubizwa ngokuthi "amaqanda asempumalanga". Kodwa ama-"balut" asePhilippines - ngokuvamile iqanda eliphekwe ngemuva kokuba inkukhu egcwele isivele ngaphakathi kuyo esikhundleni se-yolk evamile kanye nomhlophe.
Ngakho-ke, idada le-Peking linomkhiqizo ophezulu kakhulu, unikezwe ukukhula okusheshayo, ukuphumelela kokuqala kokukhulelwa kanye nenani eliphakeme lamaqanda. Kodwa ngalokhu izici zohlobo alupheli.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zohlobo
Ama-peking amadada uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkukhu kulula kakhulu ukulondoloza. Ngaphezu kwezingxabano eziningi "ngenxa" lokukhetha kwaloluhlobo, kunezinye izinto ezingenakwenzeka. 
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo zohlobo (kucatshangelwa ngenhla) yilokho idada likaPeking:
- ivumelanisa kahle kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulukokubili efudumele kakhulu futhi ebanda kakhulu (uma kungenjalo wayengeke akwazi ukunqoba amazwe amaningi kanjalo amazwekazi);
- okukhethiwe kakhulu ngokukhetha kokudla;
- ngokushesha ukuthola isisindo;
- kuqala ukuqala ukugijima (ngoba lolu hlobo lwezinyoni zamanzi, isilinganiso seminyaka lapho owesifazane ebeka khona amaqanda okuqala ezinyangeni ezingu-6-8, kuyilapho e-Peking le nkathi iza ngaphambi komkhawulo ophansi);
- ingahlukaniswa kude namanzi (Nokho, iningi lamadada asekhaya ayenalo leli khono, kodwa kufanele likhunjulwe ukuthi emanzini avulekile ukuthi lezi zinyoni zikhiqiza cishe okweshumi kokudla, ngakho-ke ukutholakala kwechibi eliseduze kuzosindisa kakhulu umzalisi);
- unenyama enhle kakhulu okuqukethwe okunamafutha aphansi.
Funda konke mayelana nokuzalisa ama-peacocks, amadada, ama-pheasants, ama-goose, ama-turkeys nama-broilers.
I-Cons
Eqinisweni, kunesidingo esisodwa kuphela sohlobo. Lezi amadada azizimisele kakhulu ukuchitha amaqanda, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile ukuhlela i-incubator yokufakelwa. 
Yingakho umncintiswaneni kuphela kulesi sikebhe esithwala amaqanda, okuyinto, noma kunjalo, esingaphansi "kokubheka" kuzo zonke ezinye imingcele.
Ngezinye izikhathi abalimi bezinkukhu bayaqaphela ukuthi izidingo eziphakemeyo zenzelwa ukoma kwegumbi lapho ligcinwa khona, kepha lesi sici singabonakala ngokuqiniseka kunoma yikuphi izinkukhu.
Izici Zokuqukethwe
Njengoba sekushiwo, lezi zinyoni zikhula ngokushesha. Kodwa kuphela kuze kube yi-molt yokuqala, khona-ke ukuzuzwa kwesisindo kunciphise kakhulu (ukuthuthukiswa kuya "nge-feather"), futhi, ngokufanisayo, udada uyeke ukuzikhokhela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama encane ibaluleke kakhulu kunayo endala, ngakho "i-Pekinok" ivame ukubulawa ezinyangeni ezimbili. 
Yiqiniso, zonke izinzuzo nezinzuzo ezibalulwe ngenhla zingahlolwa uma kuphela izimo ezimbili: owokuqala - ukuthengwa kwezinto eziphakeme zokuzala okwesibili - ukuhambisana nezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa, kuhlanganise negumbi, ukudla kanye nokudala isizinda somzwelo.
Izidingo zegumbi
Siqala ukulungisa izakhiwo zendlu kusukela phansi.
Kubalulekile! Ungafaki ucingo ngamadada ngqo emhlabathini. Izansi kumele zigcinwe ngokucophelela futhi zivikeleke ekungeneni kwamagundane abathanda ukugibela ezakhiweni ezivaliwe ebusika.Uma phansi ukhonkolo, izinkuni kufanele zibekwa kuso. Izindonga zingaba izitini noma izigubhu, kodwa zigcinwe kahle kakhulu ukuze zigweme ama-drafts, ukushisa ukushisa nokungena kwamanzi, okushiwo, akuthandi kakhulu amadada kaPeking.
Ukushisa phakathi kwendlu, nakho konke ukungathobeki kokuthi "ukukhonsa", ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kunama-10-25 ° C kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ukukhanya ekamelweni kufanele kube kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nenkathi ebandayo indlu kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle (isikhathi sobumnyama akufanele sidlule amahora angu-11 kuya ku-12 ngosuku) - ngakho-ke izinyoni zizohamba phambili futhi zingcono. Ukuze uthuthukise umphumela futhi ulondoloze ugesi, kutuswa ukuba unikeze izibani ezimisiwe kusukela ephahleni ngezibonakaliso ezikhethekile.
Inombolo yezinyoni kumamitha ayizikwele akufanele idlule abantu abadala abane noma amadadazane ayishumi nambili, kodwa ebusika ungadlulisa amadada eyodwa noma amabili.
Ukungena kwenyoni kufanele kufake umngcele wokungenani u-5 cm kanye nomnyango wokuvala ovalwe kahle. Ubukhulu be-manhole enjalo bungaba yi-40x40 cm, futhi kungcono ukuyibeka kusukela eningizimu. Khona-ke iphansi ngaphakathi ekamelweni lihlelwe ngendwangu ebanzi, utshani noma izinkuni. Udoti udinga ukuguqulwa njalo (lungele ukuthi udinga ukubeka imali kwizinto ezinjalo ngesilinganiso sama-20 kg ngonyaka ngodada ngamunye okhulile).
Kanti futhi nxazonke zendlu, lapho kungekho amafasitela, udinga ukuhlomisa isidleke sokubeka amaqanda ngesimo se-cube esinama-50 cm. Njengoba izinto, izinkuni noma i-plywood zizofaneleka.
Kubalulekile! Uma amadada enqolobaneni yakho ehlala ehlala njalo - kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukudala izimo ezanele zokunethezeka kubo. Lena inyoni enomzwelo edinga ukuthula nokuthula.
Ukuhlanza njalo endlini yezinkukhu nokukhipha kwayo kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi izakhamuzi zakhona zizokwazi ukuchitha ubusika evamile, ngoba ukuze kudlule amakhaza, idada kumele ibe nempaphe ehlanzekile ngokuphelele. 
Ukuhamba
Njengoba sekushiwo, idada likaPeking lingenza ngaphandle kwamanzi, kodwa namanje uhamba emoyeni ovulekile kuyasiza kakhulu ezinyoni.
Uma le dada inganikezwa ithuba lokuzingela emanzini, abaxhasi nabaphuza kufanele bafakwe ngokuhlakanipha endaweni yokuhamba. Ukuchitha ubusuku kunoma yiziphi izimo amadada kufanele abe endlini.
Uyazi? Izimpawu ezizwakalayo ngokuthi abantu bayishaya ucingo kungenza kuphela amadada abesifazane, kodwa isitatimende sokuthi akukho echo kumsindo anjalo - ukuqedela okungenasidingo. Ukuze kukhishwe leli qiniso, kwanele ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa okufanele egumbini elivaliwe nge-acoustics emihle, futhi ungalaleli amadokodo angene phakathi echibini.
Lapho umswakama uphakeme 70 % nokushisa kwe-air ngezansi + 5 ° С amadada angcono ukuhlala endlini kodwa isimo sezulu esiphelele sokuhamba - + 16 ° С. 
Abondla nabaphuza
Zombili zendlu nokuhamba, abondli bamadada kufanele kwenziwe ngebhodi elimnyama (okungenani u-2 cm).
Ngenyoni endala, ubukhulu be-feeder buyi-23x110 cm, ngoba intsha - 14.5 cm ngo-1 m. Iplanki lezinkuni kufanele linikezwe ngaphambi kokuphakelayo. 
Iziphuzo zokuphuza zivela ezinhlobonhlobo zemiklamo, kepha izitsha kanye nama-coasters azikhuthazwa ngale njongo - zikhonjiswa kalula futhi zivinjiwe.
Ungathenga ukulungiswa okwenziwe ngomumo (isibonelo, i-vacuum noma ingono), noma ungenza ngokwakho kusuka ezintweni eziphathekayo ngokuthatha noma yikuphi ukudweba oyithandayo kusuka ku-intanethi.
Kubalulekile! Amantombazane amancane aphuza, agcoba amakhanda abo ngamanzi. Lokhu kuvamile, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni. Ngakho-ke, umklamo womuntu ophuza izingane kufanele afake lezi zici zenyoni.
Okuqukethwe kumaseli
Esinye isici sokubamba - ingahlanjululwa emgodini. Yiqiniso, ubukhulu bayo kufanele buvumele inyoni ukuba ihambe. Amaseli angafakwa omunye nomunye emathangeni amaningana. 
Ukwakhiwa ngokwayo kungenziwa ngegridi, kodwa phansi, ngaphansi kombhede, kubalulekile ukubeka amabhodi (ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - umshini omuhle kakhulu) ukuze izinyoni zingabambeki emaceleni.
Kubalulekile! Amadada akhulile emakamelweni athola isisindo ngokushesha kakhulu kunabanye "abakhululekile" babo, okuyinto, kusukela ebhizinisini lokubuka, elizuzisa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, le nyoni idla okungaphezulu futhi isesidingo esikhulu kakhulu sokutholakala njalo kwamanzi nokuphakelayo.
Ukudla ukudla
Ukuqonda indlela yokudla amadada ase-Peking, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinqubo ze-metabolism kulesi sizwe zihamba ngokushesha kunamanye amaningi amanzi.
Empeleni, yilesi sici esinikeza isisindo esisheshayo sesisindo esibukhoma senyoni: yonke idada enjalo idliwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ilayishwa ngokugcwele ngamahora amane ngokoqobo. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba sikhuluma ngokuzalwa kwezinyama, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe inani lamaprotheni ekudleni, ngaphandle kwalokho zonke izinzuzo zePeking zizolahlekelwa ngokuphelele.
Uma idada ligcinwe kude namanzi (lapho kunezibungu ezihlukahlukene, izibungu kanye nezinye izilwane ezingatholakala), ukuntuleka kwezinyoni kwamaprotheni ngeke kulungiswe.
Zonke ezinye izinyoni, njengoba kuthiwa, azizithobeki ngokuphelele, ngesifiso esihle kakhulu, zidla ngokoqobo konke - kokubili kokudla kwesilwane kanye nemifino. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inani lemali yokudla ngosuku ngalunye inyoni endala ligcinwa 340-350 g.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ukupheka ngokwakho ukudla.Ukudla "pekingki", kanye nezinye izihlobo, ekhaya kuqukethe okusanhlamvu (ukolweni, ibhali, oats, corn, peas), imifino (inambuzane, i-alfalfa, i-clover, i-dandelion, i-sedge, i-duck, ekhulayo emzimbeni wamanzi) , imifino kanye nezitshalo eziqothulayo, kanye nemfucuza kusuka etafuleni lokusingatha.
Kukhona nokudla okukhethekile kwamadada. Ukudla imvubelo, isidlo sesifuba, igobolondo noma isikhombi kumele kufakwe ekudleni.
Ukuvimbela izifo
Uhlobo olucatshangwa yilo lungcono futhi luvame ukubhekana nokunakekelwa okuhle. Ukuvimbela kangcono kunoma yiziphi izinkinga kuyisisetshenziswa esifanele nokuhlanza njalo indlu, ukuhambisa umoya, ukudla okunomsoco, kanye nokugoma okufika ngesikhathi.
Kubalulekile! Ingozi enkulu yamadada ayikudla okungenamsoco futhi amabhaktheriya aqukethe imvelo emanzi nengcolile.
Ukwephuza ukukhula, ukungondleki nokunganakwa kungabangelwa ukugula kuphela, kodwa futhi kungabikho kwamavithamini. 
Izinkinga ezingathí sina zivaliwe nge-goiter (uma inyoni igwinye into enamathele noma enkulu), i-coccidiosis, i-aspergillosis, i-pasteurellosis, ngisho nekholera.
Lezi zifo zizibonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene, kodwa akufanele uzame ukuzihlola, kungcono kakhulu ukuya ku-vet. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sekushiwo, iningi lalezi zinkinga ziphakama ngenxa yokungalandeli ukuhlanzeka, ukungondleki kanye nokungazinaki imishanguzo.
Ukuzala nokukhulisa
Ama-peking amadada, njengoba sekushiwo, athwala, futhi inzalo isinda kangcono kunezinye izinkukhu (izinkukhu, amahansi, ama-turkeys). 
Noma kunjalo, umuntu kufanele alungiselele ukuthi ukufakelwa kwamaqanda kuzokwenzeka ngaphandle kokuba khona komama. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, isikhwama sishiswe ngesibane sikagesi noma sifaka isibambo sokushisa esihlanganiswe ngendwangu elithambile (izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ku-30 ° C).
Zonke izidingo ezingenhla zendawo yokuhlanzeka ekamelweni kanye nemiphumela yokungavumelani nalezi zindinganiso kusebenza kumadada ezincane ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Ukunyaniseka, ukungathandi ukudla, ukungahambi kahle, nokubukeka kwamadada kukhona uphawu lokuthi igumbi liyashisa kakhulu. Uma izingane zihlangana ndawonye ngamaqembu futhi zithukuthele - mhlawumbe, ziyashisa. 
Ukondla abasha ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kungcono ukudla okunamaprotheni, isibonelo, i-yolk ebilisiwe ebilisiwe, imikhiqizo yobisi - i-kefir, i-yogurt, i-fat cottage shizi, ubisi, njll.
Yengeza kancane kancane kwimifino eqoshiwe, esiyinike abantu abadala. Kusukela ngosuku lweshumi sethula imifino ebilisiwe futhi ehlanzekile ekudleni.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuqala kwezinsuku zokuphila, amadadawa kufanele aqaphelwe ngokucophelela: uma bengadli ngokwabo, ngezinye izikhathi kufanele basetshenziswe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka kakhulu se-potassium permanganate bese kulandelwa ukususa amaqanda abilisiwe abilisiwe ngaphansi komlomo wabo. Ukwamukela okunjalo kuvame ukusiza ukugqugquzela indlela yokudla.
Ungondla ama-ducklings nge-high quality quality feed, okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu ochotshoziwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukudla kube okuhlukahlukene futhi kulinganiswe. 
Inombolo yokudla ezinyathelweni zokuqala izikhathi ezinhlanu ngosuku, kanti intsha kufanele ikwazi ukuphuza njalo amanzi ahlanzekile njalo.
Okokugcina, okubalulekile okudingekayo ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwe-stock esincane kuyindawo yokulala: izingane ezine ezisendlini, akufanele kube khona amadada amadala amabili.
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