UZefirantes weza emizini yethu evela eNyakatho, ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika. Igama lembali livela kulesiGreki, kusukela emagameni athi "Zephyr" - unkulunkulu wasendulo wamaGreki womoya wesentshonalanga, futhi "anthos" - "flower". Abantu futhi bakubiza ngokuthi "i-lily rain" noma "upstart," ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwe-peduncle - kusukela ekuvela emhlabathini kuze kube nezimbali.
I-Zephyranthes ingeyomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis, obala izinhlobo ezingu-90. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, kuyisiko ukuyikhulela ensimini, futhi lapha ithole izimpande njengesitshalo sekhaya esingenakuzithoba nokuhlobisa.
Izinhlobo Zephyranthes
Endaweni yakithi, izinhlobo ezihamba phambili ezingu-6 ze-zephyrant:
- Zephyranthes ezimhlophe, noma umhlophe (i-Zephyrantes candida), ihlukaniswe ngamapalenti amhlophe aqoshiwe ngokuhamba ngezinyawo ukuya ku-20 cm ubude. I-bulb iyindilinga futhi ifinyelela ububanzi buka-3 cm. Izimbali ziqala phakathi kwehlobo futhi zihlala kuze kube ngu-Okthoba.
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Uyazi? Imbali ngayinye ye-zephyranthes blooms ayisengaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, kodwa uma kunama-bulb amaningi ebhodweni, ke ngiyakubonga ukuqhakaza kungaba yisikhathi eside.
- I-Atamas (Zephyrantes atamasca) ikhetha amakamelo amnandi nama-blooms kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli. Amabhula kuze kufike ku-2 cm, amaqanda-amaqabunga, amaqabunga amude, umbala omnyama, umbala omnyama, izimbali ezimhlophe, 3-4 cm ubude.
- Zefirantes robustus, noma enamandla (iZephyrantes robusta), ihlukaniswe ngezimbali ezikhanyayo ezibomvu, ezifinyelela ku-6 cm. I-bulb isine-4 cm ububanzi. Ikhula kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi. Omunye wabamele abakhulu bezinhlobo zezilwane, okuvela eBrazil nase-Argentina.
- Igolide (Zephyrantes aurea) inamaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga amade, afinyelela ku-30 cm, ama-blooms aphuzi kusukela ekuqaleni kwasebusika kuze kuFebhuwari. Amakamelo apholile amahle.
- Ikhulu-iphethwe (I-Zephyrantes grandiflora) ine-anyanisi ovoid kuze kube ngu-3 cm ububanzi, amaqabunga agcwele ukuphakama kwe-cm 30 nobubanzi buka-0.5-0.7 cm. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo, kubalulekile ukugcina isikhathi esibi kakhulu kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuFebruwari, lapho singasetshenzisiwe, amaqabunga anqunywe futhi afakwa ebusika egumbini elibandayo, njengesivalo noma efrijini.
- I-multicolored (I-Zephyrantes versicolor) ihlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi ama-peduncles avela ngaphambi kwamaqabunga, futhi izimbali zinombala omuhle - ezimhlophe phezulu, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, eduze kwe-peduncle, obomvu-oluhlaza. Iqhakaza ngoJanuwari futhi iyakuthanda ukupholisa.
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Uyazi? Imbali engavamile, ohlala e-Andes, obizwa ngokuthi "uPuya Raymond" uqhakaza kuphela ngemva kokufinyelela iminyaka engu-150, futhi efa ngemva kokuchichima.
Izimo ezifanele zokukhula endlini
Naphezu kokunganaki kwawo, lesi sitshalo sizobe siphumelele futhi siphumelele ngokugcwaliseka kwezidingo ezilula kakhulu zokukhanyisa nokushisa.
Izitshalo ezingaphakathi ezingenakuzithoba zingukuthi: i-chlorophytum, i-sansevieriya, i-cactus, i-hibiscus, i-hoya, i-spathiphyllum.
Ukukhanyisa
Imbali phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo kanye nezimbali izobonga ngokukhanya kwelanga elikhanyayo elikhanyayo. Ehlobo, kungenziwa kalula endaweni evulekile noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Futhi ngaphakathi endlini, khetha iwindi elikhanyisiwe kulo: eningizimu, entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Kodwa zikhona izinhlobo ezichitha amaqabunga azo ebusika futhi zidinga ukuphumula, ngoba zifakwa egumbini elimnyama kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Ukushisa
I-Zefirantes ibhekwa njengesitshalo sokunakekelwa ekhaya, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya lifanelana nabantu.
Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu ehlobo - 19-24 ° C, futhi esikhathini sokuphumula sanele 10-12 ° C, kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukuthi ungayidluli futhi unganciphisi izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-5 ° C, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizofa.
Okukhethekile kokunakekelwa ekhaya
Esinye sezimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehliswa nokuntuleka kokukhula kwe-zephyranthes kungase kube ukuchelela okungalungile noma ukungabi namanyolo. Ngoba kubalulekile ukwazi kahle indlela yokunakekela imbali.
Ukunisela
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukuphuza kakhulu ehlobo, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nezimbali. Kodwa akudingeki ukuba ugcwalise futhi uvumele umswakama oqhubekayo ebhodweni.
Nisela imbali lapho umhlabathi ebhodweni ungomisiwe omncane. Ebusika nasesikhathini esiqhelile, ukuchelela kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukugwema ukubola kwama-bulb, bese uqala entwasahlobo, noma ekupheleni kukaFebruwari, lapho kuvela amaqabunga amasha.
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nesikhathi esomile ikakhulukazi, fafaza i-zefirantes njalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo kanye nezimbali Zefirantes zondliwa nge umanyolo wetshezi wendawo yonke njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ngokusho kwemingcele echazwe umenzi.
Imithetho yokuguqula: inhlabathi kanye nembiza
Ukunakekelwa kwe-marshmallow kulula, lokhu kusebenza nokufakelwa kwakhe. Le nqubo yenziwa minyaka yonke ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuphumula, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo. Ibhodlela alikhethi likhulu kunalokudlulile, kungcono uma lidaka futhi liphansi. Izimbali ziyoba nokuhlobisa futhi ziqhakaze uma ungahlwanyeli u-anyanisi owodwa embizeni eyodwa, kodwa eziningana, ushiye phezulu kwazo 1/3 ngenhla emhlabathini.
Umhlabathi wokutshala kufanele ube yinto evulekile, ingahlanganiswa ngemali elinganayo yesihlabathi, amaqabunga omhlabathi kanye nama-humus. I-drainage enhle ifakwa phansi ukuze ugweme ukubola kwama-bulb.
Ukusabalalisa ngamabhomu endodakazi
Hlanganisa ama-marshmallows ezimweni zegumbi - elula njengalokho. I-maternal bulb inikeza izingane eziyi-15, ezihlukaniswa kalula kuso. Beka ihhovisi kumele lifafazwe ngamalahle futhi lifake ama-bulb ebhodweni elihlukile. Uma isibani siphakeme, khona-ke intamo ingashiywa kancane ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Izimbali ezivela ezincane ziqhakaza ngonyaka ozayo.
Kubalulekile! Emva kokufakelwa isonto isitshalo ungabi namanzi, noma ufafaze umhlabathi kancane ngamanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-bulb angase avule.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka: izifo nezinambuzane
Ake sibone ukuthi kungani izigumbini ezingekho egumbini zingaqhakaza ama-zephyrant, noma zikhula futhi zikhula kabi.
Lesi sitshalo siqinile ngokumelene nezifo, kodwa izinambuzane ezinjalo zingabonakala:
- Isibungu se-spider Umoya omile endlini uyasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwawo. Umbukiso ubonakala emaqabunga futhi efihlekile, ziyafa futhi zingase ziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukubhoboza ngamanzi asepha futhi ukugeza imbali eshaweni kungasiza ezinkathini zokuqala zokutheleleka. Uma inqubo iqhutshwa, yi-Acartell, isixazululo esikhulu se-acaricide, isixazululo esingu-0.15%, sizosiza.
- Isilinganiso samamaryllis sincane, kufikela ku-3 mm, izinambuzane ezimhlophe ezimhlophe, ngemuva kokuhlaselwa imbali, futhi amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi awele. Ukukhipha kwalesi sifo kungabangela ukubonakala kwefungus emnyama, okuyingozi kakhulu kunezibungu ngokwayo. Udinga ukulwa nalo nezinambuzane eziqinisekisiwe, ezifana ne- "Aktara", "Fitoverm", "Aktellik".
- Isihlangu siyizinambuzane ezincane ezinambuzane ezisabalalisa ezisakaze kulo lonke isitshalo, zondla ijusi layo. Imbali isesimweni esicindezelekile kakhulu, amaqabunga ama-curl futhi ayomile kanye namafihlethi. Uphikisana nalezi zinambuzane ezingenhla.
Ukuze uthole izitshalo zasendlini, kutuswa ukusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa njenge "Gamair", "Trichodermin", i-Bordeaux liquid, "i-Alirin", "isobho sohlaza", "i-Fitosporin", "i-Albit", "u-Abiga".I-Zefirantes ingabizwa ngokuthi iyintandokazi yabalimi abaningi, ngoba ngendlela efanele yokutshala nokukhathalela okuqhubekayo, kuyoba yisikhathi eside kakhulu ukukujabulisa ngokuchichima okukhulu nokukhanyayo.