Izimpawu nokwelashwa kwesifo somzimba nomlomo emithi yezilwane

Izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi zingabangela ukulimala hhayi kuphela emapulazini amakhulu, kodwa emapulazini amancane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zabo ngesikhathi futhi uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi njengoba eziningi zazo ziyingozi kubantu.

Kulesi sibuyekezo sizobheka ukuthi yisiphi isifo somlomo nesifo somlomo, ingozi yaso nokuthi ungayibhekana kanjani nayo.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izimpawu zokuqala
• Inkambo yesifo
• Ukwelashwa kwezilwane ezigulayo
• Ukuvimbela
• Ingabe isifo somlomo nesifo somlomo siyingozi kubantu?

I-Etiology yesifo

I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo ingenye yamagciwane amancane kakhulu ngobukhulu - i-Dermaphilus, ene-RNA. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obukhulu, kunomsoco omkhulu (ikhono lokutheleleka). I-dermatotropy iyabizwa - ngokuvamile isifo siqala ngokutheleleka kwezindawo zesikhumba noma izinambuzane ezinobuthi ezilimazayo ezilwaneni. Isatshalaliswa ngobisi obuhlaza, inyama kanye nemikhiqizo ye-excretion.

Ngaphezu kokudla ubisi noma inyama engavunyelwe ukudla, umzila wokuxhumana wokutheleleka uyingozi kumuntu - izilwane zezilwane ziyazi ukuthi ngokuthinta indawo enegciwane, kukhona ingozi yokubamba isifo esinjalo. Lokhu kusebenza nasezinhlakeni ze-mucus. Ngenhlanhla, umuntu akakhohlisi ngokukhethekile isenzo sakhe, esingenakusho ngezilwane (ikakhulukazi i-artiodactyls).

Kubalulekile! Isifo somlomo nomlomo singasakazeka nasezilwaneni ezifuywayo: amakati nezinja. Kodwa ngezinyoni ezinjalo isifo - i-rarity enkulu.

Ubunzima ukuthi i-virus ibekezelela ukuma futhi igcoke kahle futhi igcinwe kahle emquba kanye nemikhiqizo etholakala ezilwaneni ezigulayo. Ngakho-ke, ngoboya bungakwazi ukugcina izinsuku ezingu-25-27, nobisi ku-4 ° С - kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-12. Uma ngabe uhlobo olunjalo lugqoke izingubo, khona-ke le nkathi izoba yinde - izinyanga ezingu-3.5. I-FMDV igciwane ngokushesha (imizuzu engu-4-5) ifa ngenkathi ibilisa, ayikubekezeli ukukhanya kwelanga. Izixazululo ze-alkaline ne-formalin nazo zisiza ekulwa nalo.

Kunezinhlobo eziyi-8 zalesi sifo. Ezimweni zethu, izinhlobo eziyinhloko ziyi-A ne-O, ezinye izifo eziphilayo azivamile ukuba khona.

Uyazi? Ukuqhuma kokugcina okukhulu okwamanje kwabhalwa e-UK. Ngo-2001, kwakunezinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa zezifo - kubangele ukucindezeleka kwe-epizooty O, okwadala umonakalo emnothweni we $ 20 billion

Izimpawu zokuqala

Isikhathi sokugcoba igciwane ngokuvamile siyizinsuku ezingu-2-4, kodwa ngokuvamile sihlala isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, ezingulubeni zingadlulela izinsuku ezingu-7-8, futhi ezinkomeni kuze kube amasonto amathathu. Asikho isizathu esibangela ukukhathazeka ngalesi sikhathi, nakuba lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokushesha.

Ama-alamu:

• ubuthakathaka bezilwane jikelele nokulahlekelwa ukudla;
• i-short-term fever;
• isifo sohudo eside;
• izilwane ziqala ukuhamba ngezinyawo zazo, ziqhamuka (lokhu kuyinto evamile uma isifo somlenze nesomlomo sithinta izinkomo);
• i-gum lethargy;

• salivation eyanda;
• kwezinye izimo, isilwane asikwazi ukuvula umlomo wayo.

Lezi zibonakaliso ezijwayelekile kakhulu zesifo. Uma uthola kuzo ezifuywayo zakho, shayela i-vet ngokushesha bese uqala ukwelashwa.

Inkambo yesifo

Lesi sifo sinzima. Ezilwaneni ezikhulile, ngokuvamile kuthatha isimo esibucayi, kanti into embi (kuyinkambo yokuzibulala) ingavamile kakhulu. Ezilwaneni ezehlukene, umphumela wokutheleleka ucabangela izici zezinhlobo nezilwane.

Ake siqale ngezinkomo. Ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi sesikhashana (izinsuku ezingu-1-3, kepha ngezinye izikhathi kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-20), isilwane senqaba ngokuphelele ukusondla, isisindo sivuselela, i-gomamu iyeka. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 zesigaba esisebenzayo ngaphakathi kwezindebe, i-aphas (i-syphae) ivela embranini emangcwabeni emathunzini, ngolimi nangemilenze.

Ezimweni ezinzima, ama-formations anjalo ayabonakala ekudleni nasezinkolweni. Ukunqotshwa kwazo zonke izigungu kungavamile, kaningi kuyisicefe emilenzeni eyodwa.

Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokuba isilwane esigulayo siphonswe ekamelweni, isisombululo kanye nesakhiwo ngokwaso kumele siphathwe nesisombululo sokunquma. - 1% i-chloramine inamandla ngokwanele.

Emva kwamahora angu-12-24 emva kokuvela kwe-aphthae burst, ukwakha ukuguguleka komhlabathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa libuyela esimweni esivamile, nakuba ama-salivation ehlala eningi, futhi u-foam ubonakala emaceleni omlomo. "Izilonda" ziphulukisa phakathi nesonto, kodwa ngezinkinga le nqubo ingathatha izinsuku ezingu-13-20. Emlenzeni ungabona i-aphthae efanayo nokuvuvukala. Baphinde baphumule futhi baphilise ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-8. Uma lesi sifo sikhulu ngobukhulu, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yezifo ezingenasifo esiphundu, mhlawumbe ngisho ne-corneal detachment.

U-Aphthae ezinkambeni zobisi uphazamisa imisele yamanzi, umsebenzi wendawo yokugula kanye nokukhubazeka. Lokhu kubonakala ekushintsheni kokubunjwa ubisi: kuba slimy futhi okubabayo. Uma ingxube ye-nipple ivinjelwe ngezikhawu, i-mastitis iqala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umkhiqizo wehla ku-60-75%, futhi kuthatha izinyanga ukuwubuyisela.

Isiyingozi kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo sifana nesifo somlenze nomlomo wamathole. Abahlukunyezwa yi-aphtha, kodwa lesi sifo sihambisana nokuphazanyiswa okukhulu kwemigwaqo yesisu. Uma usizo seluphuzile, icala lingase liqale.

Uhlobo "oluhlanzekile" lwegciwane luyeka umsebenzi walo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ngezinkinga zangemuva, lesi sifo sihlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube yinyanga. Lezi ziyizinkinga ikakhulukazi ezihambisana nemigwaqo yesisu ne-lactic. Ngefomu elingenasimo, kunzima nakakhulu: isilwane esilulama "ngokukhipha imali" ngokungafuni, sidle ukudla, izingalo zalo ezindala zikhubazekile. Ukudonsa okunjalo kungenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-6-10 emva kokuqala kwesifo. Itshaya inhliziyo, nokufa, kufikela ku-20-40%, ezimweni ezinjalo zihlobene nokuma kwayo.

Uyazi? Isifo semilenze nesomlomo sekuyisikhathi eside sibhekene nabalimi besilwane: incazelo yokuqala yomtholampilo yezilwane ngo-1546 yanikezwa udokotela D. Frakastro. Isithombe esifanayo kubantu sachazwa kamuva yiJalimane Frosch noLeffler, owathi ngonyaka ka-1897 wabonisa ukuthi isifo segciwane lesi sifo.

Ezingulube, isifo sezinyawo nesifo somlomo sisuke sibi kakhulu, singabambeleli abancane. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 zokufakelwa ukushisa, imfiva ibonakala, isifiso sehla. Izitho zithintekile, izingulube zivame ukubola (zingase zishintshe ngisho nezihluthulelo zazo).

Kuzosiza futhi ukuba uzijwayele nge-African fever fever.

I-Aphthae iyabonakala emigqumeni ye-mammary, ama-patches, futhi ayitholakali kutholakala emgodini womlomo. Isifo esibi sihambisana nesifo sohudo kanye ne-mucus, ama-hemorrhages ezintsheni nasemaphaphu.

Abantu abadala bagula isikhathi eside: kusukela ngesonto kuya ezinsukwini ezingu-20-25. Ngama-piglets, isifo somlenze nomlomo siyabulala (ukulahlekelwa okungenani ngu-60%), izinsuku ezimbili zokuqala ze-virus umsebenzi zibhekwa njengengozi kakhulu. With izimbuzi kancane lula. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-7 zesikhathi esifushane, isifiso sanyamalala, isilwane sisesimweni somkhuhlane, siqala ukugwinya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunzima ukuthi avule umlomo wakhe, uzwa ukugaya kwamazinyo.

I-Aphthae ivela emahlombe, umhlathi ophansi, izindebe kanye nombele.

Kuzo amanzi anamanzi ageleza. Izimbuzi ziphikisana kakhulu nesifo somlenze nomlomo, futhi izinkinga azivamile.

Ukutakula ngokugcwele kwenzeka emavikini amabili.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 zesikhathi esibekiwe, izimvu zivuthiwe, ngezikhathi ezithile zimisa i-gom bese zihambisa kancane. Ukushisa kungafinyelela 41-41.5 ° C.

Uma kunjalo, i-aphthae incane, iqhuma ngokushesha futhi iphulukise kusenesikhathi. Indawo yesilonda iyafana: i-ungulates nomgqa, izinsini, ulimi kanye nezindebe, umhlathi ophezulu kuya emazinyo.

Izimvu ziyaphuma emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-12. Izimvu zivame ukufa ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana ne-septicemia (ukulimala kwezicubu kanye nesistimu yokujikeleza).

Kubalulekile! Iziguli ngaphambi kokudla zinikeza u-0.1 g we-anesthesin, owenza kancane kancane ubuhlungu obukwenzeka uma udla.

Kodwa kukhona i-caveat eyodwa: emhlambini emikhulu, igciwane lenza kancane kancane futhi libuthakathaka, ngakho umphumela wayo awubonakali. Ukuhamba kancane okunjalo kuyingozi kakhulu futhi kungadlulela izinyanga ezingu-3-4 noma kuze kube yilapho kuguqulwa kuya kwifomu elimangalisayo.

Ukwelashwa kwezilwane ezigulayo

Ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene zegciwane, imboni ayikhiqiza izidakamizwa ezivamile (ngaphandle kwe-immunolactone, futhi lokho akufanelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi). Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuncishiswe ekuqedeni izimpawu.

Ngezidakamizwa ezilwa nezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithathelwanayo ezilwaneni kufaka phakathi i- "Fosprenil", "Tromeksin".

Isilwane esigulayo sisuke sodwa, sifafazwe udoti ohlanzekile futhi sinikwa isiphuzo esinengi - amanzi anele ahlanzekile. Kulesi simo, umoya ekamelweni kufanele ube yintsha, ingavaliwe. Izilwane zinikeza ukuthula, zama ukuzithola ngaphandle kwezidingo ezikhethekile (lokhu kunikeza umthwalo owengeziwe emzimbeni obuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi enhliziyweni).

Ukudla - ukugaya kalula: ehlobo kunotshani, ebusika banikeza utshani obuphansi noma izinga eliphakeme le-silage.

Uma isifo somlenze nesikhala ezilwaneni senziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile, izinyathelo zokwelapha zinciphisa ezinyathelweni ezinjalo:

• I-oral cavity ihlanza izixazululo ezibuthakathaka ze-potassium permanganate (0.1%) noma i-furatsilina (0.5%). I-Acetic acid nayo ifanelekile ekuhlungeni kwe-2%.
• Ngezilonda ezinzima zomlomo we-oral mucosa, amafutha okugcoba esekelwe sulfate, i-anesthesin noma i-novocaine athathwa. Amafutha wezinhlanzi nawo ayasiza.

Uyazi? Ukugoma esimweni sayo samanje - ikakhulukazi ngenxa kaLouis Pasteur. Ifa lakhe nokukhuthaza kuyamangalisa: ngemuva kokukhiqiza izidakamizwa ezilwa neSiberia ngo-1881, emva kweminyaka emine wakwazi "ukunciphisa" ama-rabies ngosizo lomuthi wokugoma.

• Hlanza izitho nsuku zonke. Ama-hoove kanye nabashaya baphathwa nge-tar namafutha wezinhlanzi ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Ukuhlanganisa umphumela, isilwane senziwa nge-sawdust, egcwele i-tar. Kumapulazi amakhulu, ukugeza okusemthethweni (5% isisombululo) kwenziwa ngenhloso efanayo.

Nge amafomu aqinile Izifo zenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• Izindawo ezithintekile kakhulu zelungu zenziwe nge-iodine. Ngemuva kokuqeda ukuhlunga, izicubu ezifile zisusiwe futhi isilonda sishiswe nge-powder (½ ye-permanganate ne-streptocide), bese iboshwe.
• I-Aphthae emulini iphathwa nge-Novocaine-Tripoflavin amafutha ngesisekelo se-petroleum jelly. I-Propolis iphinde iphazamise (15% wevolumu). Amafutha e-Syntomycin nawo asiza.
• Uma ukuhlukumezeka kubonakala ku-sepsis, isisombululo se-novocainic esibuthakathaka esingu-0.5% senziwa nge-intravenously. Thatha i-0.5 ml yenhlanganisela ngesisindo ngasinye se-1 kg.
• Sebenzisa i-mash yokupaka, ethululelwa nge-probe nsuku zonke, ama-15-20 amalitha.
• Ukuze uqinise imisipha yenhliziyo, kuhlanganiswe ingxube: ku-400 ml wamanzi a-distilled, engeza u-6 g we-bromokalium, u-10 ml we-valerian tincture no-15 ml we-lily wesigodi. Leli dose elilodwa.

Ukuvimbela

Isifo somlomo nesifo somlomo, njenganoma yisiphi isifo sofuba, kulula ukuvimbela kunokwelapha.

Indawo eyinhloko inikezwa ukugoma. Iningi lokuvame ukujozwa nge-saponin ngobuningi be-1 ml. Kuthatha ukusebenza ezinsukwini ezingu-10-14, kufinyelele ekukhunjweni okuvikelwe okungaphezulu kwenyanga.

Ukungakhulelwa kwempilo kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-6 kuya ngonyaka. Izinkomo eziphindaphindiwe kanye ngonyaka, kanti izingulube kufanele zinikezwe imigomo emibili ngonyaka.

Ubudala bubuye bucatshangelwe: ngamathole, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhulelwa komzimba "kokubeletha" kunamandla futhi emavikini amathathu okuqala angaphazamisa isenzo somgomo. Ezimbuzi nasezinkomeni, kuncane kakhulu, futhi izingulube azivikelekile.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezisele ziyinhloko yendabuko:

• ukuhlanza njalo kwendawo kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinto ezimbiwe;
• ukubekwa kwemfuyo emithethweni (akukho ukukhwabanisa);
• ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile isilwane, ukubhekelela ngokukhethekile emgodini womlomo, isimo sesikhumba, uboya kanye namacwecwe angcolile;
• ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuphezulu, amanzi kanye nezithasiselo;
• umkhawulo wokuxhumana nezilwane ezithathelwanayo kakade (isibonelo, ungabonisi kudlelo elilodwa).

Akunakwenzeka ukuba uphathe ukwelashwa ngokuzimela - lokhu yibhizinisi le-vet. Uma imizamo yakhe ingazange ibe yanele futhi ukutheleleka kwasakazeka, i-Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Authority ithatha. Bakhetha ukuhlukanisa noma ukubulala.

Ingabe isifo somlomo nesifo somlomo siyingozi kubantu?

Njengoba sikhumbula, igciwane elinjalo liyanqikaza ukuphonswa kubantu, nakuba ingozi yalo akufanele ihliswe. Iqembu lezinhlekelele lihlanganisa abantu abasebenza ngokuqondile nezilwane: izilwane zezilwane, i-milkmaids, abelusi, izisebenzi zokubulala kanye nokukhiqiza inyama. Kodwa epulazini, umuntu angenwa igciwane ngokuxhumana noma ngokudla inyama nobisi ephuma "esilothweni" esigulayo.

Uyazi? Ngaphansi kwesikhumbuzo sePasteur awukwazi ukubona izibalo zabantu kuphela, kodwa nezithombe zemfuyo - izinkomo nezimvu. Ngakho isiFulentshi saphawula umnikelo womuntu wakuleli zwe ekudleni nasekudleni kwezilwane.

Kubantu, lesi sifo singase sibe nesibonda, isikhumba noma ifomu elihlangene.

Isikhathi sokuvuselela Ukulala izinsuku ezingu-2-4 (kunezimo uma kuziwa emavikini amabili). Ekushintsheni kufomu elimangalisayo, okunjalo izimpawu:

• izinga lokushisa lokushisa (kufika ku-39 ° С);
• izikhukhula noma umkhuhlane;
• ubuthakathaka futhi buhlungu ubuhlungu besisu;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3, ukuhlanza kuqala, amehlo aphendukile, kukhona ukuzwa okuvuthayo emlonyeni, ngezinye izikhathi ama-cramps azizwa ngesikhathi sokuchama.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-apha apha avela emlonyeni, emlonyeni nasezinsini, ulimi noma izindebe. Kwezinye izimo, zingabonakala ezinyaweni. Zincane (kufika ku-4 mm), kodwa inombolo ingafinyelela eziningana. Ekuqaleni, lezi zivalo zilula, bese kuthi uketshezi lukhanya.

Emva kosuku noma ezimbili, ziqala ukuqhuma, ukuguguleka kokuqala kuqala. Isigulane kunzima ukugwinya, ukuhlafuna nokukhuluma, ukukhuphuka kwenyuka. Ukushisa kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, kodwa kukhona ubuhlungu ema-lymph nodes.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-6, izinyembezi ziqinisiwe, zingashiyi izibazi. Ukubuyisela kuthatha amasonto amabili. Kule nkathi, isisulu sibekwa esibhedlela.

Ukwelapha wehla ekunakekeleni isikhumba okuthuthukisiwe. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukudla kuqaliswa nge-tube. Ama-antibiotics awasebenzi - ngokumelene namagciwane anjalo awavele engekho.

Kubalulekile! Umuntu ogulayo nakanjani uzodinga usizo, ngisho nasesiteji sokuqala: kuze kufike ku-3-4 amalitha amathe angasuswa ngosuku, okumele kususwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, thatha ukudla okumanzi.

Isikhumba sisulwa ngamafutha ahlukene, okungcono kunabo bonke usizo lwe-florenalevy, i-interferon ne-oxolane. Ukuhlanzeka ngomlomo kuhilela ukugcoba okuvamile okuyi-sage noma i-chamomile. Isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-novocaine (0.25%) noma ama-manganese (1%) nawo afanelekile. Kufanele ugeze amehlo akho: 2% i-boric acid ngendlela yesisombululo sokusiza. I-sulfacyl ye-sodium engu-30% - iyanqamuka, ikhulula ubuhlungu nokukhanga okungathandeki. Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa i-anesthetics, i-antihistamine izidakamizwa noma izidakamizwa ukuqinisa iqembu lezinhliziyo.

Konke ukuvimbela kusho ukulawulwa kwezilwane, kanye nokwelapha - lokhu kuyindlela yokwelashwa yenyama, ubisi obilisayo (imizuzu emihlanu) kanye nokuguqulwa kwesikhashana kwezambatho zokusebenza. Khumbula ukuthi imikhiqizo evela ezilwaneni ezigciwane iyingozi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isigaba sesifo.

Siye safunda ukuthi isifo somlenze nesifo somlomo siyingozi nokuthi sikuvimbela kanjani. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzosiza abanikazi bamapulazi amancane. Vumela izilwane ezifuywayo ziphile futhi zijabulele umkhiqizo ophezulu!