Uhlobo lwe-duck

Konke okubaluleke kakhulu ngokuzalisa amadada aseBashkir ekhaya

Idada yaseBashkir ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinhle zeqanda nenyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni, okungabizi futhi kubhekene nokuzivikela okuqinile nokukhuthazela. Izinto ezikhethekile zokukhuphula amadada aseBashkir, izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo zizoxoxwa kulokhu okushiwo.

Incazelo yokuzalwa

Ukujwayela ngezinkukhu kuqala ngencazelo emfushane. Ngokushesha, siyaqaphela ukuthi ukudideka "iBashkir" namadada ezinhlobo zezinhlanga kunzima, ngoba kunombala ophawulekayo nokwakha.

Izici zangaphandle

Idada yaseBashkir inomakhiwo oqinile, izigxobo zomzimba, ezihlukene kakhulu. Iyabonakala kalula yikhanda layo elihlanjululwe, intamo emfushane, enesibindi kanye nomlomo we-concave. Amaphiko aphethwe ngokuqinile emzimbeni.

Inyoni ivela ngemibala emibili:

  • omnyama nomhlophe;
  • hacks
Abesilisa bagqoke amapulazi acacile kunabesifazane. Zifana nezihlobo zazo zasendle. Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-drakes afinyelela ku-4 kg, amadada - 3.5 kg. Amafutha afakwa ngenkathi equkethe kakhulu. Isisindo sika-70% siyinyama ehlanzekile. Kuyinto enhle, ithenda engavamile futhi engenasiphelo kumdada waseBashkir.

Izinyoni zikhula ngokushesha - zifinyelela isisindo esiphezulu ezinyangeni ezingu-2-2.5.

Uyazi? Njengoba igama libonisa, amadada awakhiwe ngempela eBashkiria. Kodwa-ke, akuzange kube umphumela wezivivinyo ezikhethekile, kodwa okwenzeka ngengozi. Esikhathini sokukhiqiza saseBlagovarsky, abakhiqizi basebenze ekuthuthukiseni ibhantshi elimhlophe lasePeking, futhi ngokungazelelwe, ngenxa yezinguquko, izinyoni ezinhle ezinezakhiwo eziqinile zazalwa. Ngemva kwalokho, ososayensi bazama ukuqina, futhi lo mhlobo wawubizwa ngokuthi umbala waseBashkir.

Ukukhiqiza

Ngokukhiqiza, i-Bashkir inamanani aphakeme - idada elilodwa ngenkathi yokukhiqiza kwezinsuku ezingu-40 lingathatha amaqanda angaba ngu-200 kuya ku-225. Iqanda ngalinye lilinganisa u-80-90 g.

Izinzuzo nezinkinga zohlobo

Ukujwayela ngodada waseBashkir kanye nencazelo yohlobo ngeke kuphelele uma izinzuzo nezimo ezingalungile zingacatshangwa. Owokuqala, ngendlela, okuningi kakhulu.

Hlola ezinye izinhlobo zamadada okuzala ekhaya: Mandarin Duck, Musky, Mulard Duck.

Izinzuzo

Izinzuzo ze "Bashkir" zihlanganisa:

  • izinga eliphakeme lokungahlonishwa kwamadada - 78-80%;
  • ukuzivikela okuqinile;
  • ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa;
  • ukukhula okusheshayo nokuzuza kwesisindo;
  • ukukhuthazela;
  • ukujwayela okusheshayo futhi ukusetshenziselwa noma yiziphi izimo;
  • ukunakekelwa okulula nokugcinwa;
  • ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amahle;
  • amaqanda amakhulu omumo ohlosiwe;
  • amaqanda aphezulu khalori - 185 kcal nge 100 g;
  • okuqukethwe okuphansi kwamafutha enyama - 1.8-3.9%;
  • ikhwalithi ephezulu, enhle kakhulu, engenasiphelo yethenda;
  • hhayi izindleko ezinkulu kakhulu ekudleni - amayunithi angu-2.73 / 1 kg yokukhula;
  • ezifanele ukuzalanisa emapulazini amakhulu nezincane, kubathandi nabalimi bezinkukhu.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yalolu hlobo yinkomba lapho amadada aseBashkir eqala ukuhamba. Bavunyelwe ukuphatha amaqanda ngezinyanga ezingu-4. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nesisindo kuyahluka kuye ngokuthi umbala wodada. I-Khaki inokukhiqiza okuncane nokunciphisa umzimba kunabamele abamnyama nabamhlophe bohlobo. Ngakho, owokuqala anganika amaqanda angama-217, kanti owesibili - 228.

Amadada aseBashkir athola okungaphezu kuka-80% wesisindo sabo ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila.

Uyazi? Amapayipi ama-duck awaqukethe ukuphela kwezidakamizwa nemithambo yegazi; uma behamba, abazizwa kungabanda noma kubanda kakhulu..

I-Cons

Phakathi kwamaminithi amadada aseBashkir yizici ezilandelayo:

  • isidingo sokunisela amanzi ahlanzekile kuphela, ngoba kungenjalo kuyoba nezifo;
  • ukubekezelelana okuncane ukushisa okuphezulu;
  • amandla okudla nokukhuluphala.

Izici Zokuqukethwe

Ukugcina ama-bashkir amadada kulula, futhi ama-novices angakwazi ukuphatha lo msebenzi. Into eyinhloko ukuthola ulwazi mayelana namanye ama-nuances okubakhathalela. Igumbi Amakheji afudumele, omile, aphefumule kahle namapenki angenawo amashidi okuphila afanelekile ukuhlala. Amapulangwe amadada kufanele abe okungenani ama-20 cm emhlabathini. Kumele babe namandla ukuze amagundane akwazi ukungena kuwo.

Ukushisa Ekamelweni lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona, ebusika kuyadingeka ukuba kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwe +7 ° С, ngokuqondile - ezingeni lika-15-20 ° С. Ehlobo kufanele kube kuhle, njengoba izinyoni zingavumi ukushisa. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zizobonisa ukuthi ziyashisa:

  • ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi njalo;
  • umlomo ovulekile njalo;
  • ukungabi nesifiso;
  • Amaphiko aphansi.

Uma kubonakala izimpawu ezinjalo, izinga lokushisa lizodinga ukunciphisa, kungenjalo impilo yezinyoni izoba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukukhanyisa Uma ubeka indawo yokugcina amadada udinga ukukhathazeka ngokukhanya okulungile. Ukukhanya kufanele kufake okungenani amahora angu-14 ngosuku. Ngesikwele esingu-1. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo okudingekayo ku-5 watts. Izibani kufanele zikhethwe ngezibukisi.

Ngaphandle kwamadada, izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, namahansi, izinyoni ezingavamile zivame ukujwayela emakhaya: ama-partridges, ama-amoni, amapikoko, nama-pheasants.

Indawo yokuhamba. Ngemikhosi amadada adinga indawo evulekile, egcwele utshani noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isihlabathi. Kungaba kuhle uma benamanzi. Ungamane uhlomise amathangi amakhulu ngamanzi, lapho amadada ayobe ekhuphuka khona. Ukuba khona kwamanzi aseduze kunethonya elihle ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni izinyoni - ukukhula kwabo nokunciphisa isisindo ukusheshisa.

Okuqukethwe komthamo. Ehlobo, ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, inani labantu abadala ngalunye isikwele esingu-1. m akufanele kudlule 2-3. Ama-ducklings azalwa nje angagcinwa ngo-18-20 ngehora elilodwa. m. Ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala nokuhlala kuka-ducklings angaphezu kwe-10-12 ngesikwele esingu-1. m bayobe bengakhululekile futhi banzima. Ekupheleni kwezinyanga ezimbili, izinyoni zifanelekile ngenjongo yokudla inyama.

Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukugcina amadada kuphela ezinyangeni ezingu-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, asisakhula futhi athola isisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqala ukwenza i-molt.

Isidlo Sokudla Ukudliwa Abantu abadala

Isici esikhethekile samadada ukuthi banomuthi omfushane. Lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile imetabolism kanye nenani lokuphakelayo. Ukudla kwezinyoni kusetshenzwa ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi ubondle okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, kodwa ngezigaba ezincane.

Kusukela kokudla kwama-Bashkir amadada kufanelekile:

  • i-silage (amaqabunga aqotshwe utshani, iklabishi, izaqathe; ithanga);
  • imifino ehlutshiwe eqoshiwe;
  • ukudla okuhlaza;
  • ukudla okunamandla.
Ekudleni kwasekuseni kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza imishini emanzi. Kusihlwa - ukunikeza okusanhlamvu (okungcono kuhlume), ukondla.

Ukufezekisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amahle kakhulu, kuhle ukupha izinyoni nge-silo ehlangene: utshani utshani (ucezu olulodwa), iklabishi (izingcezu ezintathu), amaqabunga eklabishi (izingcezu eziyisithupha). I-inyama engcono kakhulu ingatholakala uma ukudla kwamadada avamile kuyobe kukudla okune-granulated. Udinga ukungena kusuka emavikini amabili. Iguri kufanele ihlale ikhona kulabo abaxhasi.

Kubalulekile! Inani lezinhlobo zokudla ekudleni kokudla amadada aseBashkir kuyadingeka ngokulinganisa okulandelayo: okusanhlamvu - ingxube ye-feed ye-45% - 55 %.
Isimo esinesibopho kuba khona kwabaphuzi kanye nezinguquko ezivamile zamanzi kuzo (izikhathi eziningana ngosuku). Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke kuphela. Omunye udada ngosuku uzodinga okungenani amalitha amabili ketshezi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinyoni zizobhekana nezinkinga nge-metabolism nomsebenzi wamathumbu.

Ukuzala nokuzala

Ukuze uzalise "bashkirok", njengomthetho, i-incubator ayidingiPhela, abesifazane basuke bezinkukhu ezihle kakhulu ezinemvelo ezithuthukisiwe. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokuqothula amadada kanye nazo zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokulima, njengokudla, ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha, izokwenziwa ngabomama-abaqaphi. Impilo yomama ngokwawo kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokuthola isifo sayo esithathelwanayo futhi ivikele inzalo yakhe kuyo.

Lapho zizalisa ama-ducklings, kudingeka zinikeze izinga lokushisa lika-+30 ° C ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-20 zokuphila. Ngemuva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwalesi sikhathi, izinkomba zokushisa ziyancipha kancane kancane kuze kube yi-20-22 ° С. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze ugcine amadada enembhedeni efudumele, ejulile. Usuku olukhanyayo ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezinhlanu kumele lufinyezwe kancane emahoreni angu-10 ngosuku. Uma ufinyelela ezinyangeni ezinhlanu, kuzodingeka futhi kancane kancane ukwanda kube amahora angu-15 ngosuku.

Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 izingane zondliwa ngokufanayo nabantu abadala. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kungcono ukubanikeza ingxube eqoshiwe, exutshwe nama-whey, okwenziwa amaqanda, i-cottage shizi, amakhambi kanye namabele. Ngeviki lokuqala banikwa ukudla izikhathi ezingu-8 ngosuku. Khona-ke inani lokuphakelayo liyehliswa kancane kancane. 4. Faka injini yokudla okunamandla. Ukudla nokudla utshani kunganikezwa kusukela ngeviki lesikhombisa lokuphila.

Kubalulekile! Amadada kufanele adliwe ngokufaka ama-pellets, amavithamini namaminerali ekudleni okuyinhloko..
Izingane zingasebenzisa amanzi kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Ungakwazi ukuhamba ngamadada ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 ubudala. Uma uzozala "bashkirok" ngosizo lwe-incubator, khona-ke udinga ukwazi ama-nuances alandelayo:

  • isikhathi phakathi kwesikhathi lapho amaqanda abekwa khona futhi isikhathi esabekwa ngaso akufanele sidlule izinsuku ezingu-5;
  • Isitoreji seqanda senzeke ekushiseni kuka + 9-13 ° C;
  • Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda kufanele ahlolwe kahle futhi alahlwe;
  • amaqanda kufanele aphethwe yi-disinfected kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate;
  • uma ubeka emshini wokushisa, izinga lokushisa kufanele lisethwe ku-+38 ° С nomswakama 70%;
  • ngesonto lesibili, kufanele uguqule amaqanda njalo amahora amane; izinga lokushisa phakathi nalesi sikhathi ligcinwe ku 37 ° С, umswakama - 60%;
  • kusukela ngomhla ka-15 kuya ku-25, amaqanda ahlile imizuzu engu-20 kabili ngosuku;
  • Amadada azalwa ngaphambi kosuku lwama-28.
Ngakho-ke, amadada aseBashkir ayindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukukhulisa izinyoni, kokubili ngenhloso yokuthola inyama ephakeme futhi ehlwabusayo, kanye nenhloso ye-egg-laying, yokusetshenziswa kwabo kanye nebhizinisi. Ukunakekela kwabo kulula, ngeke badinge izinkinga nezimo ezikhethekile. Impilo yala madada enhle kakhulu, futhi ekubukeni iyakhanga kakhulu. Bangabantwana bokuqala, ngakho-ke bazosiza ngokushesha abalimi bazo ukuba bafeze umgomo oyifunayo - ukuletha inyama namaqanda.