Udumo lwezinhlobonhlobo zamakhabethi "Astrakhansky" alusakaze lonke elaseRussia, kodwa lidlula kude nemingcele yalo. I-legendary lokhu kuhlukahluka kwenza izithelo eziphakeme, ukunambitheka okukhulu, ukugcina ikhwalithi kanye nokuthutha kwamajikijolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi abazifihli injabulo yezitshalo ezilula. Ngezinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo kanye nama-nuances ekutshalweni kwawo emnothweni wekhaya uzoxoxwa kabanzi.
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene
Ukubhaliwa kwekhabethe le-Astrakhan kungokwazisa kakhulu eRussia Federation breeder kanye nesisebenzi sezintandokazi zesayensi uKonstantin Dyutin. Iphupho lombelethi kwakungukudala ibhisikidi ngesimo esizungezile ngisho nesiguqu kanye nezici zokunambitheka okusezingeni eliphezulu. Yilokho kanye lokhu okuhlukahlukene. 
Kubonakala sengathi i-watermelon "Astrakhansky" ngokuchazwa kwayo kwangaphandle isondelene kakhulu nabo. It has isikhumba elibushelelezi efanayo nemivimbo ejwayelekile. Kodwa, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, i-berry inesikhumba esinyene. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo salo singu-8 kg.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ze-ikhabethe nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo eziletha emzimbeni womuntu.
Ungadla izithelo ezivuthiwe zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-75-85 emva kokutshala. Lapho ukusika iso liheha inyama enomvu ekhanyayo kahle. With nesomiso eside ehlobo, ukungabi nalutho kungahle kube ngaphakathi, kepha lokhu akuthinti ukunambitheka nhlobo.
Esinye isici sezinhlobonhlobo, okwenza kubonakale injabulo phakathi kwabalimi, ukuphikiswa okunamandla kumagciwane i-fusarium, i-anthracnose nezinye izifo ezithinta ama-melon. Kulezi zibuyekezo umnakekeli wesifazane uthi "i-Astrakhan" inezakhiwo zokuphikelela cishe izinyanga ezimbili.
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengezinga eliphezulu.. Ngesitshalo esikhulu esivela ku-1 hekthara, amathani angama-120 amavulon akhanseliwe ngekhwalithi futhi ukunambitheka kungaqoqwa.
Uyazi? Ukuze uhlole ikhabethe lokuba khona kwe-nitrate, udinga ukufaka ucezu oluncane lwe-pulp emanzini. I-liquid ebomvu ibonisa ukuba khona kwamakhemikhali ebusweni, futhi okucacisiwe, ngokuphambene nalokho, kukhuluma ngobumsulwa bayo.
Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo
Abanini bomhlaba abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isivuno esihle se-melon singanikwa kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu. I-astrakhansky ikhabethe, i-geography yokulima okuyiyona ebanzi kakhulu, ixoshe la maphutha kakhulu.
Abalimi bezizinda zasemaphandleni, abahlala nabo entwasahlobo ephuzile, bajwayele ukukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe bokulimala la majikijolo. Abanye bavame ukutshala okusanhlamvu kwizithombo ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, kanti abanye basebenzisa izithombo zokugcina kulokhu. Cabanga ngesici nokusebenza kwazo zombili izindlela.
Esikhathini sokushisa
Izithombo ezinamakhube ezikhulayo ngezindlela eziningi zifana namakhukhamba. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa, ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kwenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya maphakathi no-Ephreli ngokubhekiselwe kwikhalenda yenyanga. Izwe lokutshala kumele lingathathi hlangothi futhi lisetshenziswe izakhi. Ikhukhamba ingxube ingasetshenziswa. 
Ukusheshisa ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu, kufanele kubanjwe imizuzu engu-15 emanzini okushisa ama-degree angu-50. 
Lo mcimbi uzofaka isandla ekwenzeni ngcono ijazi lembewu. Abanye balimi basebenzisa indlela yokutshala izinto zokutshala.
Ukwenza lokhu, uhlanganiswe emgqonyeni omanzi futhi ocindezelwe kahle, bese uhamba ngesonto esiqandisini. Kunconywa ukubeka imiqulu endaweni ethile eduze nefriji.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ye-watermelon ifakwa ukuqina kwamahora angu-8 ngokuqhaqhazela iqhwa.
Uma ufisa, ungaqhubeka nokucubungula noma yikuphi abagqugquzeli bokukhula. Uma konke sekulungele, gcwalisa izindebe zepulasitiki nge-substrate elungiselelwe bese ujula kuzo ezingeni lika-4 cm imbewu eningana. Khona-ke zonke iziqukathi zimbozwe phezulu nge-polyethylene noma isitsha esifanayo futhi zisusiwe ekushiseni. Umbuso wokushisa omuhle we-greenhouse kufanele ube sezingeni lika-25-26 ° С. 
Lapho amahlumela okuqala evela, zonke izindawo zokukhosela kudingeka zisuswe bese zibuka amahlumela. Khipha ngokushesha ngokushesha. Kubalulekile nokunakekela ukukhanya okuhle. Esikhathini sokushisa, izithombo ziyokhula zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-35 ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga amane okuqala.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ukutshala kahle nokutshala ama-velononi endaweni yakini.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuze ukutshala izithombo ze-watermel ngqo ngqo engadini kufanele kulungiswe inhlabathi ngamanzi amaningi. Ukutshala kumele kuhlelwe ngokushisa okushisayo kwansuku zonke okuyi-14-16 ° С, lapho umhlaba uqhuma kahle futhi kuphuma amaqhwa. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungukuphela kukaMeyi.
Imithombo yambewu ihlwanyiswa ngama-humus, lapho uhlaka lweshumi lama-10 lwenhlabathi lubekwe phezulu. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ububanzi phakathi kwemigqa - ngokufanele, kufanele kube okungenani amamitha owodwa nengxenye. Ibanga elifanayo lenziwa emigqeni phakathi kwemigodi.
Bahlwanyela ngendlela efanayo nokuhlukahluka kokushisa, ezinhlamvini eziningana, kanti njengoba zihluma, iziqu zihanjiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ukuhlwanyela, ngaphambi kokuthi kuvele amaqabunga amabili okuqala amaqabunga, qiniseka ukumboza nge-agrofiber.
Uyazi? Imbewu yamaketoni itholakala ethuneni likaTutankhamen. Abadala bakholelwa ukuthi kwezinye izindawo amajikijolo omhlaba azothatha isikhundla sokudla okufile.
Uphi indawo engcono yokutshala i-"Astrakhan" ikhabe
Indawo ye-bahchi kufanele ikhethwe ngokucophelela. "I-Astrakhan" ikhabethe ithanda ukushisa nomswakama, ngakho-ke kuyisifiso sokuvikela isayithi kusuka emaphethelweni nasemimoya. 
Umhlabathi kuwo ukukhanya okufiselekayo, omnyama hhayi omuncu. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kulabo abandulele..
Kungcono ukuhlwanyela ikhabe izitshalo emva amazambane, ummbila kanye izithelo. Amahlumela e-Watermelon azokhula kabi emva kwamakhabe, ukhukhamba, amathanga, iklabishi.
Inqubo yokufakelwa izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo ezineminyaka engu-30 zifakelwa engadini emhlabathini ovulekile. 
Kubalulekile ukuthi ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi umhlabathi uphuthuma kahle, futhi izinga lokushisa lomkhathi liphakathi kuka-18 ° C. Ngokuhlukahluka kwe "Astrakhan", iphethini elihle lokutshala liyi-90 × 50 cm.
Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha iqala ngokulungiswa kwemigodi, phansi lapho umquba wamanzi uchitheka khona phansi. Zilungiswe kusuka ku-30 g we-ammonium sulfate, 20 g we-salti potassium kanye no-40 g we-superphosphate. Ingxube idinga ukuchithwa ngamalitha amabili amanzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa isisombululo kusukela ekungeneni kwe-inkukhu yomquba noma i-mullein.
Isithombo, utamatisi, i-leek, i-pea, i-curling ubhontshisi noma isipinashi ingaba umakhelwane omuhle ngamakhabe.
Khona-ke zonke zifafazwe ngomhlaba futhi zengeze izingcosana zokhuni phezulu, zifafaze futhi. Uma phansi komgodi ulungiselelwe, kunisela ngamanzi ashisayo. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula ngasinye kuzodinga cishe ilitha elilodwa lomkhuhlane. Ngemuva kokuqedelwa, inkomishi igwetshiwe ngokucophelela noma phansi indebe icindezelekile ukuze kukhishwe i-clod zobumba nesitshalo.
Khona-ke lijule ngendlela yokuthi izinga lomhlabathi lifinyelele emaqabunga e-cotyledon. Isigaba sokugcina sokutshala imibhede yemingcele. Ngale njongo, sebenzisa isihlabathi noma i-humus. Lolu ungqimba lunomthelela ekugcineni umswakama futhi luvuselela inhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! On amakhabe ungqimba of umquba kumele kube mncane kuka 5 cm.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela i-"Astrakhan" ikhabe akusho lutho olusha. Abalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi badinga ukunikeza umswakama okwanele nokushisa ukuze uthole isivuno se-melon. Cabanga ngobuqili obukhulu bokulima isiko.
Ukushisa nokukhanyisa
Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwekhabethe kudinga ukukhanya okuningi.. Emathunzini omthunzi uyoba obuthakathaka futhi obuthakathaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuna kusuka embhedeni onjalo akufanele kulindeleke. Ezingxenyeni ze-watermelon photosynthesis izinqubo zivinjelwa ngisho nasesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka. Ngakho-ke, lapho ihlobo lingenalo ilanga, izinsuku ezifudumele, amajikijolo ayomile futhi angenamnandi.
Ngesikhathi kutshalwa ukushisa kwezitshalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okungeziwe. Umbuso wokushisa ubalulekile futhi kulesi sitshalo.
Okufanelekile, ngenkathi ekhula kahle imingcele yayo iqala kusuka ku-30 kuya kuma-40 ° C. Emoyeni abandayo, ukukhula kwehla, nokuzinza + 10-15 ° C kuyathinta amavolononi.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha i-watermelon evuthiwe, qaphela isimo sesikhumba. Izinhlobo ze-Y "Astrakhan" azinawo ukugqoka ama-matte, imisebe yelanga ihlale igxuma ngokucacile.
Umswakama nokuphuza
I-watermelon wattle ine-root system, eqhubeka ngokujula nangokubanzi ngamasentimitha angama-30. Isiko sikhuthazelela isomiso kahle, ngoba izimpande zithatha izinto ezinempilo ezijulile kanye nomswakama. Kodwa ukuhlukumeza ukuqina kwesitshalo akufanelekile. Ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kubalulekile ukuthola amanzi amaningi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukufeza ukuhlaziywa nsuku zonke ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe..
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho banciphisa inani lokunisela kanye kanye nezinsuku ezimbili, lapho kuqala isikhathi se-fruiting. Le nuance ifakazela ukuthi amajikijolo aqala ukuvuthwa ngokushesha.
Umanyolo womhlabathi
Ngaphandle kokutshala izithombo ngesikhathi sokutshala nokutshala, ikhabethe idinga ukuthi liphindwe njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kungcono uketshezi olulodwa lwe-organic and mineral complex. Uma usebenzisa umquba wenkukhu kanye ne-mullein, qiniseka ukuthi ulinde kuze kube yilapho isixazululo siqala ukuvuthwa.
Uma ungahambisani nale ncomo, amajikijolo ayoba ne-nitrate eningi.
Uyazi? Ukuhunyushwa kusuka kumvini weTurkic kusho "ikhukhamba ikhunta".
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokugcina izitshalo
Ukuqoqwa kwamavolononi "Astrakhan" njalo ku-Agasti noSeptemba. Ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kunqunywa yi-ringing ephumayo lapho kushaya ne-stalk eyomile. Ukuvuna kubalulekile ngokuqapha okukhulu, kungenjalo ngisho nomonakalo omncane kakhulu ongavumeli amajikijolo ukuba agcinwe kahle. Zonke izithelo kumele ziphelele, ngaphandle kwe-abrasions kanye nokushaya, ukuphahlazeka.
Ekugcineni amajikijolo ayokhululeka ekushiseni kuka-1-3 ° C kanye nomswakama ngo-80%. Udinga isikhathi sokunakekela umoya wokuphuza umoya emiphongolweni. Ibanga elithi "Astrakhan" linomgangatho omuhle wokugcina. Abesimame abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayakwazi ukugcina izithelo zawo ngokuphepha nangokuphepha kuze kube Unyaka Omusha.
Imfihlo yalokhu ihlelwe yi-microflora lapho i-watermelon ifakwa khona. Ihlanganiswe ngendwangu encane yama-moss owomileyo noma ogcwele iparafini, i-wax. Ezinye izakhamuzi zasehlobo zihlanganyela ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwazo ngokugcina ngempumelelo izithelo ngomlotha womlotha.
Ngenxa yalokho okukhathazayo, uzothola i-melon berry eyingqayizivele, engeyona eyiphundu kuphela, kodwa futhi iyiphunga eliwusizo.
