Ngomuthi wensimu, intwasahlobo yisikhathi sokushisa nokulukhuni. Futhi isimo sezulu esingenangqondo sishintsha izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ungaziqagela kanjani izinsuku zokuhlwanyela imifino ukuze zingabonakali ngokubuya kwamaqhwa?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphuma ukwakha isikhala esivaliwe sokutshala izitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, bese izitshalo zakho zizokwazi ukukhula ezimweni ezikhululekile ngaphambi kokufika kwalezi zinsuku zasehlobo.
Iyini indlu yokushisa? Kuyini?
Indlu yokushisa yindawo elula yokutshala izitshalo, ezakhelwe ngokuphelele noma ngokuncane ezintweni zokukhanya ezikhanyayo. Wakhe injongo - Vikela izitshalo ezibandayo bese unikeza ukukhanya kwelanga.
Isivikelo ngokumelene nesithwathwa esebenzisa izindonga ezincane ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ngeke ziphumelele. Isidingo ukushisa okwengeziwe. Ezikhathini ezinkulu zokugcina izithombo, amahhashi akhethekile anesimiso sepayipi eyenziwa ngale njongo, ama-heaters kagesi avuliwe ebusuku, noma axhunyiwe ohlelweni lokushisa indlu.
Ukuze kube nokushisa okushisa akufanelekile. Lapha umthombo omkhulu wokushisa ukhonza biofuel - umquba, amaqabunga owomile kanye nohlaza, i-sawdust, i-droppings yezinyoni, i-peat.
Ukwenza abamba ukushisa noma abamba ukushisa abancane ukuze banikeze noma ubani ofuna ukukwenza ngokwakho, amakhono amaningi ngeke adingeke. Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo kwakhiwe okuningi - kusuka ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kuya kokumiswa okuqinile. Izinketho zebhajethi zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi atholakalayo. Izitshalo ezifundwayo zokugcina izithombo ezenziwe ngamapulasitiki aqinile noma ama-arcs ensimbi nezembatho zefilimu zithengiswa. Ukuyibeka endaweni kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje.
Imodeli ephathekayo ilula ngoba ingafakwa kalula. noma kuphi, uma kunesidingo, susa noma uhambe kwenye ingxenye yensimu. Lena inketho elula. Esimweni lapho kungekho nesifiso sokuhlanganyela ngonyaka ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo, kuyasiza kakhulu ukwakha inketho yokumisa.
Esigabeni sokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukhetho lohlobo lwe-greenhouse, inhloso yalo nokulungisa izinto ezidingekayo.
Izithombo zokugcina zokugcina:
Ukwakhiwa kwamamodeli aphathekayo kufanele kuhluke kalula, kube lula ukufakwa, ukwethenjwa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuguqulwa okuphathekayo kwenziwa ngesisekelo se-arcs ezicucini zamapayipi e-polypropylene, ukufakwa kwensimbi noma ucingo oluxubile, noma i-batten yezingodo zomuthi. Ubukhulu buxhomeke ekuphakameni kwezitshalo zesikhathi esizayo, kodwa akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu. Zikhethiwe ngokucabangela izinto ezitholakalayo kanye nokusebenza okulula.
Izithombo zokugcina zokugcina:
Ngenketho yokumisa kuzodingeka ukhethe indawo enomphela, yonke ukwakhiwa ukwenza njengokwethenjelwa ngangokunokwenzekausebenzisa izinto eziqinile. Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo kubanzi kakhulu. Zenziwe ngu:
- Ngesisekelo sohlaka olususwe kusuka kuphrofayili yensimbi, ipayipi, ukufakwa;
- Ukusebenzisa njengesakhiwo esisekela ngemigoqo yamapulangwe namapulangwe;
- Ngosizo lomhlangano wezihlangu ezivela kumafasitela endala.
Izithakazelo zokukhetha zokugcina izithombo kusuka amabhodlela endala epulasitiki. Lokhu ngeke kusebenze ngokushesha, noma kunjalo, kulabo abanesikhathi futhi bathanda izinto ezingavamile, le ndlela izothakazelisa. Xhuma abangani bakho ekuqoqweni kwempahla - amabhodlela epulasitiki angenalutho wezinga elithile, umbala nesimo - ungathatha ubusuku obude obusika ngomsebenzi owusizo. Ngemva kokwenza imisebenzi, entwasahlobo akulula ukuhlangana nokwakhiwa kwebamba lokushisa amahora ambalwa kwisayithi.
Ukukhetha indawo enhle kusayithi
Yeka indlela ekhethiwe ngayo indawo ngoba ingadi yakho yangaphakathi, ukuphumelela kwayo nokuvunwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuxhomeke kuyo.
Imithetho eyisisekelo:
- Ukuze kufezeke isikhathi esiphezulu sokukhanyisa ukushisa kwemvelo, kuyadingeka ukuyiqondisa ekuqondeni empumalanga nasentshonalanga.
- Ukuba khona kwezicabha eziphakeme noma izihlahla zezithelo nomqhele ohlakazayo eduze kwe-greenhouse akuyona into engathandeki - izithunzi ezithathwe zona "ziyoba" ingxenye yokushisa kwelanga okudingekayo.
- Awukwazi ukubeka endaweni enamanzi.
Zonke ezinye izindawo zokukhethwa kwendawo akuzona ezibucayi kakhulu. Indlela elula, ukude emthonjeni wamanzi, inhlanganisela ephilayo kanye nomklamo jikelele wesayithi ngeke kuthinte isivuno, kodwa ngokwezindleko zokugcinwa nokulula, kubalulekile nje ukucabangela yonke lemininingwane.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi ekufakweni kwe-greenhouse, kuzodingeka imisebenzi eminingi yokulungiselela.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Okokuqala kuzodinga:
- Izinga yesikhulumi - unqume izingxenye ezihambayo bese ugcwalisa izimpande.
- Khipha inhlabathi ezimpandeni zokhula.
- Uma kunesidingo, dlulisa ungqimba lwamanzi okuvikela amanzi ukuze uvimbele amanzi aphelile.
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa umquba noma olunye uhlobo biofuel Ukushisa, isinyathelo esilandelayo siyoba isakhiwo sesayithi kanye nelungiselelo lezinto ezilula isisekelo noma ukwakhiwa kwebhokisi.
Ukutshala izithombo zezitshalo ezithile kulula ukuzisebenzisa. ezijulile zokugcina izithombo. Umgodi ugujwa emhlabathini ngokulingana nesibamba sokushisa esizayo, izindonga zenziwe ngamabhodi noma ezinye izinto. Umgodla ugcwele amaqabunga owomile nomquba omusha we-pererevaniya.
Lapho umquba uqala "ukushisa" futhi ukhulule ukushisa, umhlabathi ungeniswa phezulu, futhi ibhokisi lihlanganiswe namafilimu, ama-polycarbonate amashidi noma ama-frames enziwe ngamapulangwe.
Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo
Ukuze uthole izithombo zokugcina ezincane zefilimu asikho isidingo sokwenza isisekelo esikhethekile. Futhi uma kusetshenzwa ukushisa okusetshenziselwa ukushisa okusetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa amafreyimu aqondile, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuqaphele ukwethembeka kwesisekelo.
Okukhethwa kukho okuhamba phambili - uthele isisekelo sokuhlukana ezungeze umjikelezo wokushisa okuzayo. Kulokhu:
Maka uphawu izitshalo zokugcina izithombo zangasese bese zimba amatshe angajulile (okwanele 30-40 cm) ngaphansi kwesisekelo. Gcwalisa isisekelo usimende lwamanzi, ukwandisa ukuphakama ngokufaka izingqwembe zamapulangwe noma amaplastiki. Kusala ukulinda isisombululo sokuqinisa futhi isisekelo silungile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke inqubo ixhomeke ezintweni ezikhethiwe. Uma isisekelo se-greenhouse sikhethiwe metallic uhlaka, luhlanganiswe nesisekelo sokukhonkolo ekhoneni elikhethekile noma ama-bolts.
Ukubopha ukhuni ukushisa ukushisa okwenziwe ngamapulangwe.
Kusukela ngayiphi injongo uhlela ukwakha ukushisa okushisa, kuxhomeke kohlobo lwawo nosayizi. Ngakho-ke, ukungafani kwesandiso odongeni olunezintambo ezincibilikile-ophahleni olubala kungalungela izithombo.
Ukushisa okwenziwe ngokhuni - inketho evame ukusetshenziswa. Ukunethezeka kokucubungula izinkuni nokutholakala kwalo - izinto ezibalulekile ekuthandweni. Ngezansi sicabangela izinketho ezimbili zokwakha izithombo zokugcina ezenziwe ngokhuni.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse eqondile ezweni ngezandla zabo
Igama ngokwayo - ukuveza ukuthi lwakhiwe ngokushesha kakhulu. Isikhwama sezinkuni sinezingxenye ezimbili, ezakha izindonga zendawo yokushisa. I-greenhouse iyakhumbuza umhubhe ongunxantathu. Ukuphakama futhi kuxhomeke ebubanzi besisekelo.
Ukuze wenze ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushisa okucacile, kuzodingeka wenze amafremu amabili amabhakhodi enkuni anemivimbi ehambayo endaweni ethile. Akufanele kube mkhulu kakhulu. Okungcono, ibanga eliphakathi kwabo lingama-50-60 cm, okuqinisekisa ukuqina okuthembekile kokumboza impahla - ifilimu, i-spandbond noma amashidi epulasitiki obala.
Ngaphansi kwesibamba sokushisa, lezi zimele ezimbili emaphethelweni ziyaxhunyaniswa nemigoqo yamapulangwe.
Njengoba ubude obuningi besibamba sokushisa ukuze kukhuliswe ukuqina kwesakhiwo, kuqiniswa ngezici ezengeziwe zokuxhuma ku-1-2.5 wamamitha.
Kulula ukwenza nokufaka i-greenhouse eqondile esakhiweni, futhi awusebenzi unyaka owodwa. Uma usebenzisa ukumboza ukushisa okujulile, kufanelekile ukutshala izitshalo eziphakeme.
Indawo yokushisa encane esiteshini eyenziwe ngamapulangwe ngezandla zabo
Ukwakhiwa kwesibamba sokushisa endaweni enomphela kufanele kwenziwe isisekelo semali. Ingafakwa ematini endala emanzini amakhemikhali, amabhlogo asekelwe ngomumo angasetshenziswa, noma angathululelwa ngendlela evamile.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwenza isakhiwo sibambe. Ibha lezinkuni libekiwe emgodini wesisekelo, isigaba sayo esiphambanweni kufanele sibe ngaphansi kuka-10x15 cm. Imigoqo ixhunyaniswe nganoma iyiphi indlela-uxhumano lokuhlanganisa, umuthi wesiqingatha, ku-anchor, noma ukusebenzisa i-metal linings.
I-crate yamapulangwe ihlanganiswe emgqeni wokhuni, oqukethe izikhala eziqondile kanye nemigoqo enezingqimba ezinezinyathelo zika 0.5-1m. Uma uhlela ukubonisa ifilimu, ungayilula phezu kwefreyimu noma wenze amamojula ozimele ngamapulangwe nefilimu ehlanganisiwe phakathi kwazo, ezixhunyiwe phakathi esakhiweni esiphelile.
Imithetho yokwakha Iqukethe ekwakhiweni kwesikhwama sezinkuni lapho okunamathiselwe khona kufakwe khona. Iphrofayela yephahla kungaba yimuphi, kodwa kufanele ibe khona ukunciphisa okuncaneokuzoqinisekisa ukugeleza kwemvula.
Ngaphakathi akukubi ukumba umthombo ogcwala i-biosteste, futhi ungqimba olunzulu olunomhlabathi ovundile luthululelwa ngaphakathi kusuka phezulu. Amandla okugcoba kwenhlabathi kufanele avikele izimpande ezijulile zesitshalo ekukhanyeni. Ukuphakama kwalo kungu-20-30 cm - indlela engcono kakhulu.
Izimo zemoya kunoma iyiphi indawo akuzona ezomphela. Kushintshwa unyaka nonyaka, okulimaza kakhulu izitshalo zensimu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokugcina izitshalo zokulima kwabo akusizi ekuhluphekeni, kodwa izingozi ziyancipha kakhulu.
