Wonke umlimi, ngokungangabazeki, ufisa ukuthi zonke izinyoni nezilwane ezihlala epulazini lakhe zinomkhuhlane oqinile futhi ziphilile. Kodwa-ke, lokho okufunayo akuhambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi njalo, ukungena endlini yenkukhu, umlimi wezinkukhu uzwa ama-broilers akhe ahlabayo futhi agijima. Indlela yokusiza izinyoni ngemikhuhlane nezifo ezithathelwanayo nokuvimbela okwenzekayo-ake sibheke isihloko.
Izimbangela zezifo zokuphefumula kuma-broilers
Njengokubheka ukuzuza okusheshayo kwesisindo kanye nesisindo esiningi, ama-broilers anemikhuba emibi kakhulu phakathi nokukhethwa, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izifo zokuphefumula kulezi zinkukhu azivamile. Izizathu zokwenzeka kwazo zingase zibe eziningana:
- ukunakekelwa okungafanele;
- ukwephulwa kwezimo zokuboshwa, izindinganiso zangasese;
- ukungahambisani nezincomo ngobukhulu bokubekwa;
- ukondla okungalingani;
- i-hypothermia;
- ukungabi namandla oksijini emoyeni;
- ukutheleleka enkukhu yenkukhu ngokudla, amanzi, isitja esisha;
- ukungena kwe-intrauterine.
Izimbangela zokuvuthwa zingabuye zibe umzimba wangaphandle emlonyeni nasemphinjeni. 
Ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthuthukisa izifo emathunjini avela ekuzalweni kuya kwezinsuku ezingu-5 zokuphila, kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-25 kusukela ezinsukwini ezingama-35 kuya ku-40.
Kubalulekile! Ngokujwayelekile, izifo ezinkukhu zenzeka ngokushesha - ngisho nakusihlwa, izinyoni ezijabule futhi ezijabulile ekuseni zingase zivele zishaye, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zingapheli. Ngakho-ke, uma izimpawu zokuqala zitholakala, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokushesha.
Izifo ezingenzeka
Izimpawu ezinjengokuhamba, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukunyundela, ukukhwehlela kuhambisana nezifo eziningana. Kulesi sigaba uzothola ulwazi mayelana nezindlela zokwelashwa ezivame kakhulu.
Ukushisa okuvamile
Isimbangela sezimkhuhlane singumuthi we-hypothermia. Ama-Broilers azwela kakhulu emanzini okushisa, ukushiswa kwamazinga okushisa, ama-drafts kanye namanzi.
Thola ukuthi yisiphi isizathu nokuthi ungaxazulula kanjani inkinga yokungaphansi kwamandla emzimbeni kuma-broilers.
Lesi sifo sibonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- umkhuhlane;
- ukwehla emisebenzini yemoto;
- ukwenqaba ukudla;
- sneezing;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuphefumula okukhulu;
- ukubomvu nokuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo;
- ukukhishwa kwe-mucus emakhaleni nasweni;
- ukuphefumula;
- izinhliziyo zomzimba.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo sizoba isimemo noma ukubonisana okude okuvela kumhlengikazi wezilwane, ozosiza ukucacisa izimbangela zesifo nokubeka ukwelashwa okufanele.Uyazi? Igama elithi "broiler" livela ku-"broil" yesiNgisi, elihunyushwe ngokuthi "fry." Lezi zinkukhu zitholwa ngenxa yokuthi zikhulile ngokwedlulele ngokudla okukhulu. Isisindo esikhulu sezinyoni sitholakala ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu - ezinyangeni ezimbili nje kuphela zingalinganisa amakhilogremu amabili noma ngaphezulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi inkukhu ejwayelekile ngalesi sizukulwane isilinganisa isigamu se kilo. Abakwa-Adult broilers bafinyelela isisindo se-turkey - 5-6 kg.
I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo
I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo yayisihlukaniswa nesifo esihlukile ngo-1930 ngabahlengikazi baseMelika. Izimpawu zakhe zifana nokushisa okubandayo, ukukhishwa kwe-mucus emehlweni, ukwanda ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela. Kodwa-ke, i-bronchitis ikhula ngokushesha futhi iyingozi kakhulu ezinyoni ezincane, ngoba ama-25% awo angaqeda amandla. Kungase kuhambisane nokuvinjelwa kwentamo, ukuphakama kwamaphiko njalo, isifo sohudo oluhlaza. Abantu abadala bahlehlisiwe, bayeke ukuthola isisindo. Ukufa phakathi kwezinyoni ezivuthiwe akudingeki. 
Ukuguqulwa kwegobolondo lamaqanda isici se-bronchitis esithathelwanayo Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zalesi sifo. Igciwane, elivusa i-bronchitis, lidluliselwa ngamaconsi emvelo ngokudla, amanzi, izingubo kanye nemishini. Inyoni eye ibe ne-viral bronchitis ingathatha i-pathogen ngezinsuku ezingu-100.
Izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa zingase zibe negciwane emizimbeni yazo uma zichithwe kusuka eqandeni elibekwe ungqimba ogulayo.
Ngokuvamile ukuqhuma kwe-bronchitis esithathelwanayo kubonakala entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukuze kutholakale ngokuqinile ukuxilongwa, ama-sampuli egazi ne-tracheal ne-larynx scrapings athathwa ezinkukhu.
Uyazi? Ngenyama ye-broiler iqukethe u-92% wezinto ezidingekayo ze-amino acid. Ukuqhathanisa - ku-ingulube yabo engu-89%.
I-bronchopneumonia
Esinye isifo sokuphefumula yi-bronchopneumonia. Ama-broilers abagulayo abukeka angakapheli, aphikisiwe, aphilile, asesimweni esinqunyiwe, ahambe kancane, adle kabi, uphefumule ngokukhululekile, ukhwehlela futhi adume. 
I-bronchopneumonia nekwephuza ukwelashwa ingaba yingozi. Kubuye kuyingozi ngoba, ngokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhulelwa, kuhlanganisa nezinye izifo - i-tracheitis, i-mycoplasmosis, i-rhinitis.
Hlola izifo ezijwayelekile ezithathelwanayo nezingezona ezithathelwanayo zezinkukhu ze-broiler.
I-Mycoplasmosis
I-Mycoplasmosis iyisifo sokuphefumula esiyi-bacterial in nature. Kuyathokozisa i-mycoplasma gallisepticum, eyenziwa ngamaconsi amanzi avela kumama kuya komntwana. Lesi sifo sibonakala sisisindo esinamandla ezinyoni. Futhi izimpawu ze-mycoplasmosis yokuphefumula zihlanganisa ukuphefumula, ukulahlekelwa isifiso, ukuphuza ukukhula.
I-Colibacteriosis
Izinkukhu zingabamba futhi zishaye ngesikhathi se-colibacillosis. Ngokuvamile kaningi kuthinta izinkukhu ezincane. Kuyathokozisa u-E. coli, othunyelwa ngokudla, amanzi kanye ne-aeration.
Kuwusizo ukufunda ngezimpawu ezisemqoka nokwelashwa kwe-colibacillosis ezinkukhu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-colibacillosis esiteji sesondo kufanele kwenziwe masinyane, ngoba uma lesi sibonakaliso siphathelene nesifo sohudo, singase singasebenzi. Izintambo ziphathwa nge-antibiotic therapy, ngokuvamile "i-Levomitsetinom." 
Izinyoni ezigulayo kufanele zibekwe eceleni futhi inkukhu yezinkukhu ihlanzekile. I-chlorine turpentine ingasetshenziselwa ukukhipha amagciwane. Izinyoni eziphilile zidinga ukudakwa ngesisombululo se-Furacilin (1: 10,000) bese ufaka amavithamini namaminerali kwimenyu yazo.
Indlela yokuphatha izifo zokuphefumula kuma-broilers
Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokuphefumula, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe ngokushesha:
- Ukuze uhlele ukuhlukanisa indawo bese ufaka izinyoni ezigulayo kuwo.
- Hlola kuzo zonke izimpawu.
- Thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane.
- Qala ukwelashwa okumisiwe.
- Disinfect ikamelo.
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane, kufanele:
- Ukuze uphephe izinkinga zezinyoni "Streptocide."
- Ukondla izinyoni ngamalungiselelo ngezinto ezinamandla kakhulu - tetracycline, levomycetin. Imikhiqizo yezokwelapha ihlanjululwa emanzini ngokulandela iresiphi futhi ivumelekile ukuphuza izinyoni.
- Ukukhiqiza inhalation ngamafutha abalulekile (fir, eucalyptus).
- Amanzi aphethwe yi-decoction yamanzi.
I-bronchopneumonia iphathwa ngokupuniza i-ashpieptol (350 g we-soda, isisombululo se-bleach (1 indebe / 7 l amanzi), ngemuva kokufakaza ukuletha umthamo we-20 l), usebenzisa ama-antibiotics: i-penicillin, i-terramycin, i-norfloxacin, i-colistin, i-enrofloxacin.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela zokufa kwama-broilers.
Uma kwenzeka noma yiziphi izifo, izinyoni ezigulayo nezinempilo kufanele zihlukaniswe futhi ngokushesha zixiliswe nge-formaldehyde (0.5%), i-hot soda (3%), ne-lime e-chlorine (6%). Ekudleni kwezinkukhu ezigulayo kumele kufakwe amavithamini amaningi namaminerali. 
Ukwelapha i-mycoplasmosis, ama-boilers kufanele anisele ngamanzi ngokufaka ama-antibiotics enrofloxacin, i-tiamulin, i-tylosin. Ngokujwayelekile, izilwane zakudala zeluleka okunye kwezidakamizwa ezilandelayo: Farmazin, Tilan, Pneumotil, Enroxil nabanye.
Ukwelashwa kwe-colibacillosis esetshenziswa "i-Gentamicin", "iTetracycline", "i-Polymyxin", "i-Furagin".
Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kunqunywe okungenani izinsuku ezingu-5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-antibiotics kufanele yengezwe ekudleni nase-probiotics.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba izimpawu zezifo eziningi zifana, ke akufanele uhlanganyele ekuziphatheni izinyoni. Ukuxilongwa okulungile kungasungulwa kuphela ngudokotela wezilwane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba njalo oxhumana nabo ochwepheshe abanekhono abangakunikeza okungenani ngocingo.
Indlela yokuvimbela izifo zokuphefumula zama-broilers
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina inkukhu yenkukhu ingenwa igciwane:
- yenza ukungafihli kahle ngesikhathi esakhiweni;
- sebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Indlela yokukhipha amagciwane ngegazi
Ukukhipha imishanguzo kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale izinambuzane kanye nezinambuzane eziyingozi - imikhaza nemifucu. Kunezincomo ezihlukene mayelana nokuthi zingakanani ukukhiqiza: imithombo ethile ithi ukwanele ukuyenza kanye ngonyaka, abanye bathi kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye nezinyanga ezimbili, futhi kanye ngonyaka kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlanza Inani lenqubo lizoxhomeka ngobukhulu bendlu kanye nenani lemfuyo. 
Ukuhlanzeka kwe-cocken kubandakanya izigaba ezintathu:
- ukuhlanzwa;
- ukugeza;
- ukukhipha amagciwane.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ukulala, izinsalela zokudla, indwangu, izimpaphe zisusiwe ngokuphelele. Zombili phansi ne-perch zihlanzwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba uqede ngokucophelela zonke izinsalela, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection kuyobe kungasebenzi.
Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukuze ugweme uthuli nama-bacteria angena emzimbeni, umuntu kufanele avikele iphethri yokuphefumula nge-mask, amehlo anezibuko, izandla nama-gloves.Ngemuva kokuhlanza yonke imfucuza, i-coop kufanele ihlanzwe. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa indwangu nebhakede, futhi uphefa i-hose. Ukucwila kufanele kwenziwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile ezenzelwe izinkukhu. Amakhemikhali omkhaya walezi zinhloso ngeke asebenze, ngoba angabuthi ezinyoni. Uma kungekho imishini ekhethekile esetshenziswa i-apula cider iviniga - ihlanjululwa emanzini ngokwesilinganiso se-3 kuya ku-2.
Ukuthuthwa kwendle kuyenziwa nangezindlela ezikhethekile noma lezo eziseduze. Eyokuqala yi-antimiral, antiviral and antifungal aerosols:- "Monklavit";
- "Bactericide";
- "Virucide";
- "Glutex".
Izindlela okuthiwa ezingalungile zokususa i-disinfection zihlanganisa izingxube ezimbili ezichazwe ngezansi.
I-anti-infiniteant yokuqala ilungiswa ngokuxuba i-hydrochloric acid ne-potassium permanganate (5 kuya ku-1). Beka endlini yenkukhu bese uphazamisa imizuzu engama-30, khona-ke igumbi lisebenza kahle.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo nezindlela zokukhipha amagciwane nge-cocken coop.
Ithuluzi lesibili lilungiswa ngokuxuba iodine ye-crystalline (10 g ngalinye ngamamitha ayi-cubic 20 endaweni), i-aluminium powder (1 g ukugubha) ezitsha ze-ceramic, no-1.5 ml wamanzi. Izindlela zigcinwe egumbini imizuzu engu-30, bese zikhiqiza.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuba uhlambuluke nge-formaldehyde. Noma kunjalo, leli thuluzi libhekwa eYurophu njenge-carcinogen, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha izindlela eziningi zanamuhla.
Esinye isisetshenziswa sagciwane esetshenziswa njalo yi-bleach. 
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi hhayi nje kuphela indlu ehlelwe kabusha, kodwa futhi nabaxhasi, izidleke nezitsha zokuphuza. Ngemuva komsebenzi, konke okufakwayo okubandakanyeka ekuvuseleleni kungenqatshelwe i-disinfected.
Indlela yokufeza ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela kuqukethe:
- ukugcinwa kwezindinganiso zangasese endlini ye hen, ukugcina ukuhlanzeka, ukomisa kanye nomoya omusha, izinga lokushisa kwezinkukhu ezincane kakhulu (1 isonto elidala) ezingeni lika-32-33 ° С, kubantu abadala - abangaphansi kuka-18 ° С, umswakama ezingeni lika-55-70 %;
- ukugxila kanye nemishini ekamelweni lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona, ama-heaters kanye nesistimu yokuphuza umoya;
- ukugcina ukuhlushwa emoyeni okungenani okungu-17%;
- ukuhambisana namazinga omphakathi wendlu - kunconywa ukuba ungaqukathi okungaphezu kuka-10-15 izinkukhu ngesikwele esingu-1. m ngaphandle kwe-ventilation kanye nabantu abangu-20-25 endlini enesistimu yokuphuza umoya;
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyoni aziqabuki, ungazitholi emaphethelweni;
- ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi;
- isingeniso ekudleni kwamavithamini namaminerali.
Uyazi? Ama-broilers afinyelela isisindo esiningi kunezinkukhu ezivamile, ngesikhathi esifushane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo zisebenzisa ukudla okuncane kakhulu. Isizathu silele emathunjini amakhulu kanye nesimetabolism esheshayo.
Ngakho-ke, ama-broilers ane-drawback ephawulekayo-isistimu ye-immune ebuthakathaka, ngakho-ke banezifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula - okungavamile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ngesikhathi, thintana nodokotela wezilwane ukuxilongwa kanye nemithi yezokwelapha bese uqala izinqubo zokwelapha. Ukuvimbela ukufa kwezinkukhu ezivela ezifweni ezithathelwanayo nokubandayo, landela iziqondiso zokugcinwa kwazo, gcina indlu yenkukhu ihlanzekile, yenza ukudla okulungile, futhi uthathe ezinye izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
