Indlela yokubhekana ne-Kiel eklabishi

Namuhla, iklabishi ingenye yezitshalo ezibalulekile kakhulu zemifino ezweni lethu, elikhulile kuzo zonke izakhiwo zasendlini. Futhi uma eqala ukulimaza noma efa nhlobo, kuba yisihawu isikhathi kanye nomzamo owenziwe. Isifo esivame kakhulu seklabishi - njalo Cabanga ngalokho okushiwo lesi sifo nokuthi ungasusa kanjani i-keel eklabishi.

Okuqukethwe:

• Yini eyingozi nge-keel?
• I-agent ye-Causative
• Izimpawu zokunqotshwa
• Iqembu eliyingozi
• Ukuvimbela nokulwa no-Kila
• Ukwenza ukwelashwa kwembewu
• Ukulungiswa komhlaba
• Hlanganisa ukuzungeza
• Ukwenqaba nokutshala izithombo
• Ama-agrotechnical receptions
• Izinhlamvu zeKlabishi eziphikisanayo

Yini iklabishi ehambayo

I-Kila yisifo esiyingozi esiyingozi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi nezinye izitshalo ze-cruciferous. Lesi sifo sibukeka sibonakala ekuvimbeleni ukukhula nokwehliswa kwemifino, ngokukhula okuqinile okuvela ezimpandeni, ekugcineni okuqala ukubola. Izinkinga ngezimpande ziholela ekutheni umzimba ungasebenzi kahle. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusikho konke - ukuvuthwa kokukhula okuholela ekubambeni ukuthi izinhlamvu ze-fungus zisakazeka phansi, ziyithinta. Inkinga ibonakalisa inyanga emva kwesikhathi, insimu yokunqotshwa, ngakho-ke lapho uhlwanyela izithombo, le nkathazo inganakwa nje.

I-Radishes, i-lettuce, i-horseradish, i-rapeseed, i-rutabaga ne-turnips nayo iphinde ibe ngumndeni we-cruciferous.

Yini eyingozi nge-keel?

Wonke umuntu uyingozi ngoba usakazeka kalula emhlabathini. Ama-spores ayo angaphila emhlabathini kuze kube yiminyaka eyisithupha, engena ezimpandeni zezitshalo ngokusebenzisa izimpande ezincane kakhulu zokudla. Noma yisiphi isitshalo esikhula enhlabathini engcolisiwe kufanele siphoqe ukukhula kwezinhlamvu eziyingozi.

Uyazi? Ngokusho kokuvubukulwa kwemvelo, iklabishi abantu esetshenziswe ezinsukwini zelitshe leBronze Age.

I-agent ye-Causative

Isizathu sokubukeka si amakhowe Plasmodiophora brassicae, okuyinto hhayi hit iklabishi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi radishes, lwesinaphi, daikon isithombo ngisho watercress. I-parasite iqala ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana esitshalo, okwenza ukuba bandise usayizi.

Izimpawu zokunqotshwa

Lesi sifo phezu kwe-overwinter ngesimo sezinhlamvu, ezisesiteji sokuphumula. Lapho kuvela izimo zemvelo ezihle, ziqala ukuhluma, ukwakha izilwane ezihamba phambili, ezifaka isitshalo ngokusebenzisa izinwele zezimpande. Ngaphakathi, ubamba iqhaza ezinkambisweni eziningi zokuphila zemifino, okuyivumela ukuthi ikhule ibe yizig. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuphulwa kokugeleza kwamanzi nezakhi, okuboniswa engxenyeni esemhlabathini yesitshalo ngendlela yokuthuthukiswa, ukuphuziza kwamaqabunga, ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhanda.

Iqembu eliyingozi

Isifo singenzeka nanoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa izithombo ezincane ezikhula ngokushesha zibhekwa njengezikhungethe kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinkinga ezinjalo zenzeka ezimpandeni iklabishi omhlophe nekholifulawa.

Ngemva kokuqonda indlela yokuxilonga i-keel eklabishi, omunye umbuzo uphakama: yini okufanele uyenze kulokhu.

Ukuvimbela nokulwa no-Kila

I-Kila eklabishi kuyinkinga enzima ngokwanele iklabishi nezinye izitshalo zalomndeni, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi indlela yokubhekana nayo ngendlela efanele ukuze ulondoloze isivuno. Nakuba zonke izitshalo ezihloniphekile ziyazi ukuthi kungcono ukuvimbela noma iyiphi inkinga kunokulwa nayo kamuva.

Uma ufuna iklabishi lakho lihlale liletha ukuvunwa okucebile, funda nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani futhi uvimbele izifo zeklabishi.

Ukwenza ukwelashwa kwembewu

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ingacutshungulwa ngezindlela eziningana:

• indawo e-immunostimulator ngokwemiyalo ephaketheni;
• gcwalisa imbewu ngamanzi (50 ° C) bese uyibamba imizuzu engu-20. Konke lesi sikhathi, uketshezi akufanele kuphole. Bese behlile futhi bomile;
• yima imbewu emkhakheni we-mustard ka-1.5% wamahora angu-6;
• faka imbewu enkingeni ye-ascorbic acid amahora angu-16. Isixazululo kufanele sibe yingxenye elandelayo: 0.1 g yempahla ngayinye 1 l amanzi. Kubalulekile ukugqugquzela njalo ihora bese uhlanza imbewu emva kwesikhathi sonke.

Ekuphetheni, kunconywa ukubeka imbewu eyomile amahora angu-24 esiqandisini ekushiseni kwe-1-2 ° С, lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kunzima futhi kuphuthumise ukuhluma.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba

Ukulwa ne-keel kuqala ngokuqothulwa komhlaba lapho iklabishi izotshalwa khona kamuva. Ekuseni, umhlaba uphathwa nge-lime, kanti u-rye utshalwe. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iphuma ngokushesha, emva kokuvela kwezinto ezimilayo, bayibamba umhlaba. Ama-organic fertilizer, njenge-compost, ayengeziwe ekugcineni. Konke lokhu kubhubhisa izingxabano ezinobungozi futhi kuvimbela abanye ukuba basakazeke.

Ukubhubhisa izinhlamvu eziyingozi, umanyolo osebenzayo usetshenziselwa umhlaba lapho utshala iklabishi: i-slurry, i-anyan husks, i-biohumus, umanyolo onobuthi, amalahle, imvubelo yokugqoka, i-potash usawoti, i-peat, umquba kanye ne-NV-101.

Kubalulekile! Ungathola isivuno esinempilo ngokwenza lokhu okulandelayo: iminyaka emithathu, utshale amazambane, ubhontshisi, utamatisi, u-garlic no-anyanisi. Njalo unyaka wonke lezi ziko ezindaweni. Susa ukhula futhi uphilise umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala nokuvuna. Emva kwesikhathi, ungatshala iklabishi ngokuphepha.

Hlanganisa ukuzungeza

Ukuqeda umthombo wokutheleleka, kubalulekile ukuthi izitshalo ezithile zisinde iminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokutshala iklabishi, okungezona nje emelana ne-keel, kodwa futhi ibangela ukufa okusheshayo kwe-pathogen. Phakathi kwazo zonke izitshalo zokwelapha ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa:

• I-Solanaceae - ihlanze umhlaba iminyaka emithathu;
• i-liliaceans - eminyakeni emibili.
• Blooms - susa izinhlamvu iminyaka emibili.

Ukufika amasiko anesimo esibucayi nesilwane kuholela ekushuneni kwezimfanelo ezinhle.

Ukwenqaba nokutshala izithombo

Izithombo zokuhlwanyela zenziwa ngisho nangaphambi kokufika endaweni esemqoka. Kubalulekile ukususa izitshalo ezingapheli futhi ezigulayo, okungaba yinkinga futhi abakwazi ukunikeza isivuno esihle. Imigomo yokutshala izinhlobo zakuqala zeklabishi kusukela ngo-Ephreli 25 kuya ku-May. Ukuphumula okutshalwe kusukela ngoMeyi 10 kuze kube sekupheleni kwalenyanga. Ukufika kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa ukuze imisebe yelanga ingalimazi izithombo. Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, kubalulekile ukuhlanza ngokuphelele izimpande zomhlaba wonke. Ngemuva kwalokho, baphathwa ngokupaka i-lime noma u-roll in-clay-lime Mash. Imithetho yokutshala iklabishi:

• Izithombo ezinhle kumele zibe namaqabunga amahlanu aphelele;
• uma ukhetha, udinga ukubulala ababuthakathaka, abathintekayo yi-fungus noma ngaphandle kokuhluma okuphezulu kwezithombo;
• ukushisa kufanele kube ama-3 degrees aphezulu kunezinga lokushisa lomhlaba;
• ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuduka, kunconywa ukuthi udale izithombo ngezimo zokushisa, isibonelo, ngokusibekela ngefilimu;
• phezu kwendawo yokufika ukufafaza umhlaba owomile - lokhu kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukukhuphuka kwamanzi.

Uyazi? Ngokokuqala ngqa, uKeila wafundiswa kahle ngo-1878. I-botanist yaseRashiya ne-mycologist M.S. I-Voronin yasungula imbangela, ichaza izici eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwama-parasite, futhi yabonisa ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezingase zithatheleleke nokuthi yini okufanele zenzeke kulolu cala.

Ama-agrotechnical receptions

Ukulwa neklabishi kudinga izinyathelo zokulawula ezahlukene, okuzovimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo:

• qinisekisa ukuthi akukho calcium kanye nokuntuleka kwe-potassium emhlabeni;
• gcwalisa ukungabi ne-zinc, boron ne-chlorine;
• ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-humus ngaphezu kwe-2.5%;
• ukuvimbela ukudlula noma ukuma emhlabathini;
• inhlabathi e-acidi isidingo sokunciphisa i-pH ukuba ingathathi hlangothi.

Ukwengeza, ungabamba izinkambiso zabantu ezilandelayo.

1. 150 g we-lime ehlangene nama-5 amalitha amanzi. Gqugquzela ngokuphelele futhi uthele isixazululo esiholela esihlahleni. Iklabishi ngayinye idinga 0.5 amalitha esisombululo.
2. Zalisa izitshalo isixazululo se-mullein noma slurry. Ngemuva kokudla, uphakamise inqwaba yezinqwaba ukuze kutholakale izimpande ezintsha, ezinempilo kakade.

Uma lokhu kungasizi, izitshalo zisuswa futhi zishiswe kanye ne-clod. Umthombo uphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.

Kubalulekile! I-fungus ithinta izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 zezitshalo ezihlwanyelwe nezilwane zasendle. Ihlambalaza ukungcola kwenhlabathi e-acidic.

Izinhlamvu zeKlabishi eziphikisanayo

Iklabishi, ephikisana ngokuphelele ne-keel, ayisaziwa. Namuhla, ososayensi baye bahlakulela izinhlobo ezithile eziphikisa kakhulu kunabanye. Unomkhuhlane omkhulu kakhulu ekukhuleni kwesitshalo, okubenza bawenze kangcono ama-cabbages, futhi emva kokubola, bavimbela ukukhula kwezinhlamvu. Uzocabangela Izinhlobo ezingu-10 eziningi ezingamelana neklabishi omhlophe.

Iklabishi yaseBeijing inezinhlobo ezintathu ezinokumelana okukhulu kwe-keel:

Njengoba ubona, i-keel yisifo esibi kakhulu esingalimaza inqwaba yezitshalo ze-cruciferous. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yiziphi izithombo ozitshalayo ensimini.