Imishini yokubamba imilenze yenza lula inqubo yokubamba futhi ukwandise inani lokukhiqiza ubisi. Kukhona inqwaba yemishini yokubamba emakethe. Ake sibone ukuthi ukukhipha izinkomo kwenzeka kanjani ngosizo lomshini wokushisa kagesi nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani umshini wokubamba izinkomo.
Umshini wokubamba kanye nedivayisi yayo
Umshini wokubamba ulula. Iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Izinkomishi ezine ezinezinyosi
- Amanzi amanzi namanzi
- Amandla okuqoqa ubisi
- Ipump
- Umqoqi
- I-Pulsator (etholakalayo kuma-apparatus ane-pulsator.) Uma umshini wokugaya izinkomo ophethe ipompo ye-piston, awunayo i-pulsator, ngoba ipompo nama-valve angenayo kanye nepompo zidlala indima ye-pulsator. Avula futhi avalwe ngenxa yokuqondisa ukuhamba kwe-piston).
Ama-tubes amabili anamathiselwe esibukweni. Ithebhu eyodwa ixhuma ingilazi ekamelweni elingaphakathi (ngaphakathi). Le tube itholakala ekondleni ubisi. I-tube yesibili ixhunywe ekamelweni lokungena. Le tube itholakala ukuze kuvezwe ukuvuthwa kwe-pulsating.Umshini wokubamba usebenza ngalesi simiso:
- I-vacuum (ukucindezela okuphansi) igcinwa kahle emakamelweni okugeleza.
- Ukucindezeleka kwe-nipple kwenzeka ngosizo lwe-vacuum pulsation ekamelweni eliphakathi.
- Phakathi nesikhathi lapho ukucindezela okuphansi okufanayo kudala kulezi zindawo ezimbili, ubisi lugeleza kusuka embongeni.
- Ubisi buya kumqokeleli, bese ungena ku-can noma enye ibhodlela elilungiselelwe.
- Phakathi nenkathi lapho ingcindezi ekamelweni lokugqekeza iphakamisa umfutho wezombane, ithoni ye-rubber igxiliwe, ingxube icindezelwe futhi ubisi luyeka ukugeleza.
Uyazi? Imishini yanamuhla yokwazisa ikuvumela ukuthi ubisile izinkomo eziyi-100 ngehora; ubisi obunokuhlangenwe nakho bungabela izinkomo eziyisihlanu kuphela ngesandla esisodwa.Lesi simiso sokusebenza sijwayelekile ngamayunithi amabili okushaya. Ukuvama kwamapulsenti ngesikhathi sokubamba izinkambo kusuka kumigodi engu-45 kuya kweyengama-60 ngomzuzu. Ukulinganisa ubude bokushaywa kwesisindo ku-50 kuya ku-85 kuya ku-15 kuya kwezingu-15, futhi kumishini yanamuhla i-60 kuya ku-40.
Izinhlobo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini yokudoba kungenziwa kuphela ngezici zobuchwepheshe. Iningi lazo livaliwe. Ekufakweni okunjalo, isimiso esifanayo sokusebenza, umehluko kuphela kulemininingwane.
Indlela yokubamba
Kuncike endleleni yokukhwabanisa, umshini ungaba khona ukuncibilika noma ukukhululwa.
Amapompo okugcoba asetshenziselwa ukufakelwa kohlobo lokunciphisa. Imishini enjalo yenziwa ekwenzeni izimboni futhi inezinzuzo ezimbalwa:
- Ngaphandle kwenjoloba ye-nipple
- Qaphela ngokucophelela izidakamizwa nezinsipho
Emishini yokukhwabanisa yohlobo lokukhululwa, ukucindezeleka kwengezwa ku-vacuum. Lezi zinhlobo zemishini zikhiqizwa ngabanye.
Ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile
Kuncike endleleni yokubamba, bahlukanisa phakathi kokufaka okuphakade, kokubili nango-3-stroke.
Imishini yokulondoloza unomphela isebenza ngokuqhubekayo - inqubo yobisi yokuncelisa ubisi kwenzeka ngaphansi kokuphuma kwayo njalo kusuka emgqeni. Emishini enjalo ayikho imodi yokulinda (isigaba sokuphumula). Amadivaysi anjalo awasezingeni eliphezulu ngokwezilwane. 
Amadivaysi amabili oshaywayo asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili - ukusondeza nokucindezela. Esikhathini sesenzo esithathu kukhona nemodi yesithathu - ukuphumula.
Amadivayisi wanamuhla ikakhulukazi amabili. Isenzo esithathu sinamandla kakhulu, kepha isenzo ezimbili silula. Futhi uma le divayisi ingabe isimisiwe futhi kuzodingeka igqoke, ke kungcono ukukhetha isethaphu ezimbili-isenzo.
Ukuthutha ubisi
Futhi, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lomshini wokudoba, ubisi lungatholakala ku-can noma ngamapayipi. Uma kungumshini ohlangene, ubisi lungena ku-can. Amadivaysi anjalo afaneleka kahle emapulazini amancane. Amadivayisi axhunyiwe kumapayipi asetshenziselwa amapulazi anabantu abaningi.
Indlela yokukhetha umshini wokubamba
Kukhona inqwaba yemishini yokukhwabanisa, ngoba ngaphezulu kwepulazi elilodwa alikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokwenza uhlelo lokukhiqiza ubisi. Zonke izimoto zihlukile komunye nomunye ngesethi ephelele, amandla, ubukhulu futhi akusilo isigaba esisha.
Noma kunjalo, wonke amadivaysi asebenzisa isimiso esifanayo, aqukethe ipompo yokugcoba ngokucindezela. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke ezimfuno eziningi. Isimiso esibalulekile ukuthi ubisi luqoqwa kanjani nokuthi zingaki izinkomo ezingabisiwa ngesikhathi. 
Izinkomba ezidingekayo
Kufanele ucabangele izici zobuchwepheshe bomshini futhi ngesisekelo salokhu ukufeza izigaba zemishini. Ababelethi bahlukanisa imishini yokubamba ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko: ngabanye neqembu.
Emishini yokukhwabanisa kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamapompo okuphumula:
- Ipompo ye-Diaphragm kuyindlela ephansi kakhulu, ayiklanyelwe imithwalo esindayo. Ubisi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngeke kube ngaphezu kwezinkabi ezintathu. Ipompo le-vacuum elinjalo lingabe lifanele kumishini emapulazini amancane.
- Ipompo lepiston okunamandla kunokwedlule, kodwa futhi kunezinselele. Izilwane zingathinteka kakhulu ukuthi lolu hlobo lwepompo luyomsindo kakhulu futhi luvutha ngokushesha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izixhobo ezihlomezwa ngale mpompi zinesayizi enkulu.
- Ipompo ye Rotary isebenza okunamandla kunezidlule. Lolu khetho lungcono uma izilwane zakho zikwesabisa umsindo omkhulu futhi uyesaba ukuthi umshini wokubamba ungase usabise. Ipompo ye-rotary yilelo elomile neluhlobo lwamafutha.
Ngokwehlobo lokuqoqwa ubisi, imishini ihlukile kumishini eqoqa ubisi ngamapayipi noma engeni. Umshini omncane wokudoba ufanele ukuqoqa ubisi ku-can, ngokulandelana, usetshenziselwa inamba encane yezinkomo. Izikhungo ezinkulu eziqoqayo ziqoqa ubisi ngamapayipi, imishini enjalo isetshenziselwa amapulazi amakhulu, lapho inani lobisi eliqoqiwe liphakeme kakhulu. 
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuthi amaprotheni obisi lwezinyosi ahlanganiswe ne-toxin emzimbeni, kunconywa kubasebenzi bezitshalo zamakhemikhali, ngoba ususa ngokuqondile imithwala. Ubisi luzosusa izinto eziyingozi emzimbeni ngemuva kokuphuza utshwala.Ungakhetha umshini kanye nomgomo wokunyakaza okungenzeka. Amashini angaba eselula futhi aqine. Kumapulazi amakhulu afanelekayo, afana nokubukeka kwenqola ngamasondo, ukusekela, ukubamba amabhakede kanye nepompo.
Ukuhleleka kokuhamba kwedivaysi kuqukethe ithuba lokukhonza izinkomo eziningi. Ukuhambisa imishini enjalo, kudinga imizuzu eminingana futhi akudingeki ukuba ufake umzamo omkhulu.
Yini ongakwazi ukuyilalela
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lokufakwa olukhethiwe, isivinini kanye nekhwalithi yokumisa kuzokwanda nge-oda lobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-mileage yamandla. Noma iyiphi idivayisi izoba ilungele izinkomo zakho.
Into eyinhloko yokugcina izinkomo iyinhlangano ehlanganisiwe efanele - kufanele ibe nokudla okunomile okumile (hay, utshani), ama-juicy (silage, ikhekhe le-apula) nezitshalo ezimpande (amazambane, ama-beet, izaqathe, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema), nezithasiselo ze-sunflower ezandisa izinga lobisi ikhekhe, ukudla, ama-oats, ibhali, ukolweni.Futhi, ungayinaki ukubunzima kokuthola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo, ngoba imishini yanamuhla yokwazisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imuphi uhlobo nomkhiqizi, kulula kakhulu ngisho nomuntu ongewona ochwepheshe ukuba afunde kahle. Udinga kuphela ukufunda imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa futhi ulandele imithetho edingekayo yokuhlanzeka.
Futhi ekufakweni kwanamuhla akufanele unake umenzi, ngoba abakhiqizi basekhaya abakhiqiza izimoto ababi nakakhulu kunabanye amazwe.
Ungabela kanjani izinsimbi zenkomo
Ukuze uthole ubisi oluphezulu ngezindleko eziphansi ngokomzimba, ukukhishwa kwemishini kuyasetshenziswa kabanzi. Ukuze uphumelele, kudingekile ukuba ulandele ngokuqinile imiyalelo yokubamba inkomo ngomshini wokubamba, kanye nemithetho yokuphatha izinkomo. Qiniseka ukuthi imishini yokudoba isesimweni esihle.
Umshini wokubamba usebenza ngalesi simiso esilandelayo: umoya ongenalutho ungena ngaphakathi kwepayipi ekhethekile ukusuka emgodini wokugcoba ukuya ku-pulsator, bese usebenzisa ipayipi le-vacuum eguquguqukayo ngqo endaweni yangaphakathi. Umphumela uyisisu esiphuzayo, i-vacuum ihlala isebenza ekamelweni le-podsoskovo lekomishi le-teat.
Ngaphambi kokuba udlulisele izinkomo ukuze umshini ugwetshwe, udinga ukuhlola inkomo nokukhula kwayo. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukutholakala kwe-mastitis ekudleni nasezinsimbeni, njengoba izinkomo zesifo zibhekwa ngesandla. Ukuqala umshini wokubamba kuphela emva kokuthola okuphelele kwesilwane.
Isivinini nokuphelela kokukhishwa kwezilwane kuncike ekusebenzeni okulungile kwezinto eziphathekayo. Ngaphambi kokuqala, hlola ukutholakala kwemishini, konke okufakiwe, qaphela ukuthi i-pulsator nomqokeleli basebenza kanjani. Bheka isibalo sezintambo, emshinini wokushaya umgwaqo amathathu kufanele kube ngu-50 eminithini engu-1 ngomzuzu owodwa-90. Futhi hlola ukusebenza kwe-vacuum gauge, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-unit vacuum isebenza kahle nokuthi ngabe i-vacuum njalo igcinwa yini.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokukhipha ubisi, kufanele ubisi ubisi kancane kancane ubisi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi awekho ama-blood clots, i-lymph inclusions, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunikeza ingxenye yokuqala yobisi ngesandla kunika isilwane isikhuthazo esinamandla sokubuyisela konke ukukhiqizwa ubisi.
Ngaphambi kokukhipha izinkomo ezigodini eziphakanyiswa ihora - hlamba udade amanzi ahlanzekile, afudumele noma isisombululo esikhethekile, uhlanza isitifiketi. Akunconywa ukuba ugeze umbele ngamanzi abandayo noma ashisayo, njengoba lokhu kuzokwehlisa isivuno sobisi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo uchithe umsila wokusilaukukulungisela umshini wokubamba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umlenze unyakaziswa ngeminwe emijikelezweni eyindilinga, kancane kancane uphakamisa izingxenye zomzimba ngamunye, njengoba wenza uma usana ithole.
Ukusebenza kokulungiselela umshini wokumaketha kudingeka kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngokunembile nangokushesha. Ngalesi sikhathi ubisi obomvu buzofika, futhi ungaqhubeka nokukhishwa ubisi.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinkomo akuxhomeke kuphela ezimweni zokuhlala nokudla, kodwa futhi nakuzo izilwane - I-Kholmogory, shorthorn, i-brown yaseLatvia, i-Yaroslavl, i-Highland, i-Kazakh emhlophe, i-Kalmyk, i-redppe, i-black-and-white, i-Aberdeen-Angus, i-Jersey, i-Ayrshire, i-Holstein, i-Dutch Simmental, - izici ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Ngaphambi kokuvula i-van valve yomshini wokubamba, udinga ukufaka izindebe ze-teat ngokushesha emva kokulungiselela umlenze. I-milkmaid kufanele ithathe umqokeleli ngezansi ngesandla esisodwa, uyiyise emlonyeni, ngakolunye uhlangothi kufanele ubeke ezinye izinkomishi ezithintekayo ezinsikeni ezisuka ngemuva.
Uma kunesidingo, i-milkmaid iqondisa izinsipho zakhe ezindebe ze-teat ne-forefinger yakhe nesithupha. Uma udinga ukuphakamisa indebe ye-teat, kufanele uqale ubambe ithubhu yobisi.
Izibuko kufanele zihambelane nezinsipho; akufanele kube khona umoya womoya lapho umshini usebenza. Yiya kuphela kwenkomo elandelayo ngemuva kokufaka izinkomishi ezitholayo ngokufanele futhi ukulethwa kobisi kuqalwe.
Ukulawulwa kwe-Milking kwenziwa nge-cone ebonakalayo yendebe ye-teat noma obala ubisi obonakalayo. Uma ngesinye isizathu ukulethwa kwezimbisi kuye kwehla noma kwayeka, kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kokukhipha imishini, ukusikhipha umsila ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha inqubo. 
Uma izinkomishi zokuphuza ziwela ezinsikeni, vala umshini, hlambulula izibuko ngamanzi ahlanzekile, uhlaziye umsila bese uzibeka emgqeni. Ukuze inkomo ingawuguqulwa umshini, kufanele ifakwe eduze kwezinselo zangaphambili zesilwane.
Uma izinkomo zijwayele ukushisa umshini, zinikezwa masinyane futhi azidingi ukubamba ngesandla. Kufanele kwenziwe ngesignali esivela kudivayisi, eyenzeka kwezinye izinhlobo zamadivayisi nasemuva kokuphela kokukhiqizwa ubisi.
Ukuze uqedele inkomo, i-milkmaid ithatha umqoqi ngesandla esisodwa bese uyidonsa phansi kanye nezinkomishi ze-teat phansi bese phambili. Isibilini sokugcina (sokugcina) senziwa ngolunye uhlangothi. Amandla kanye nesikhathi sokusikhipha isisindo kuncike ekuziphatheni komuntu ngamunye.
Ukuze ususe kahle izinkomishi ze-teat, umuntu kufanele athathe umqokeleli noma amashubhu ebisi nge ngesandla esisodwa bese uwafakela. Enye ukuvala i-valve ngokuphindaphindiwe noma i-clamp ku-hose. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukupheka kwezinkomishi zesilazi kukhishwa ngomunwe ovela ensikeni ukuvumela emoyeni, ngesikhathi esifanayo udinga ukususa kahle zonke izibuko. Bese uxhuma umqoqi ngokugcoba bese usulela ubisi obusele ezindebe ze-teat.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokugwedla, izinsikazi zeenkomo kufanele zihlutswe ngethawula elihlanzekile, elomile, elihlanganiswe ne-petroleum jelly noma i-emulsion enomthelela wokuhlunga.
Emva kwenkambiso, imishini yokugada igezwa ngamanzi afudumele bese iguquzela amanzi, kuqala amanzi adluliselwa ku-apparatus, bese ebulala amagciwane. Imishini yokuhlanza ehlambulukile igcinwe ekamelweni elikhethiwe.
Izinzuzo nezindleko zendlela
Inzuzo enkulu yomshini wokubamba umshini ukululaza komsebenzi we-milkmaids, ukunyuka okukhulu komkhiqizo, ukwanda okukhulu kwekhwalithi yobisi olukhiqizwayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi umshini wokugubha, ukucasula kwezinsipho kanye nomlenze kwenzeka kancane, indlela isondelene kakhulu nokudla kwemvelo kwamathole.
Kukhona futhi ukungalungi kwenqubo ehlanganisiwe: lokhu ngokuyinhloko ukuthi ama-nipples ngesikhathi sokubanjwa kwebhuku akulimazi nhlobo. Ngokuphambene nomshini wokukhwabanisa, zonke izinkomo zifanelekile ukugubha okungenakubukeka kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwezinsipho, kuyilapho izinkomo ezithile kuphela ezifanele umshini wokubamba.
Ukuntuleka okukhulu kwezixhobo zokubamba ingozi enkulu yezilwane ze-mastitis - ingozi ikhuphuka ibe ngamaphesenti angu-30. Naphezu kwalokhu, ukukhishwa kwamapulazi kunama-90%.
Ngakho-ke, uma ifama lihlanganisa inqwaba yezinkomo, kutuswa ukuthenga umshini wokubamba, njengoba lokhu kuzosheshisa futhi kube lula ukwenza inqubo yokubamba, kanye nokwandisa inani lobisi lokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yobisi.
