Viticulture

Ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi "iLibya"

Umvini uyisihlahla esiwusizo kakhulu futhi esihlwabusayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zayo ungathola okungafani nokuthanda nje kuphela, kodwa nobukhulu, ubujamo nemibala.

Kodwa kwabaningi bewayini, isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke yisikhathi sokuvuthwa samagilebhisi.

Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezimozulu ezipholile, lapho izinhlobo zamuva zingase zingabi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa.

Kulesi simo, izinhlobo eziphezulu ezifanele kakhulu ze-top-grade, okuyinto yamagilebhisi "i-Libya".

Phela, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid azizuzisi nje kuphela ezinyathelweni zokuvuthwa, kodwa futhi ngokumelene nokulimala okukhulu kwezifo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuvuna amagilebhisi anjalo kulula. Imininingwane ngaye ngezansi.

Imininingwane kuzo zonke izici zezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Libya"

Lezi zihlukahlukene zincane kakhulu. Erejista yamagilebhisi ase-Ukraine "iLibya" ivele kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2011. Yatholakala ngenxa yokudlula izinhlobo ezinjalo zemagilebhisi njenge "Flamingo" ne "Arcadia" ngumcwaningi V.V. Zagorulko. Uthola ukuthandwa kwawo ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bamavini namajikijolo.

Izici ezihlukile zamaqoqo amagilebhisi "eLibya"

Amaqoqo amagilebhisi "iLibya" ngokuvamile avame kakhulu futhi ahlukaniswe ubude. Ngabo isisindo esivela ku-600 amagremu kuya ku-1 kilogram, ubude beqembu elilodwa lingaba cishe 25 amasentimitha nokuningi. Ngomumo, amaqoqo alesi sithelo samagilebhisi angama-cylindric, nakuba ngokuvamile kaningi ayenawo ama-shapeless futhi ahlelekile. Ukubekwa okunamandla kwamajikijolo ku-bunch kwenza kube okungajwayelekile. Nokho, zonke lezi zici azinciphisi ubuhle bangaphandle bamaqoqo amagilebhisi "iLibiya".

I-berry yalesi grape nayo inekhulu elikhulu. Ngomumo walo oval noma ovoid, ubude berry buphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2,8, kanti ububanzi obuphakathi ngu-1.8-2 amentimitha. Isisindo sesilinganiso samagilebhisi "iLibya" singu-11-13 amagremuokuyinto eningi kakhulu kulesi sitshalo. Ngokusho kombala wesikhumba, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zine pink. Isici esikhethekile esikhumbeni ukuthi kungcono ngokunciphisa ngalesi sivini futhi uma sidliwa kuphela isithandwa sakhe.

Ngokuqondene ne-pulp ye-berry, kusezithelo zomvini "iLibiya" inesakhiwo esihle. I-pulp iqukethe isamba esikhulu samanzi, lapho leli grape lithengiswa khona. Izimfanelo zokunambitheka zomvini zihle kakhulu: zihlanganisa ukunambitheka komvini okumnandi nesiphunga elimnandi le-muscat.

Ukudla nokunambitheka okugcinwe kumagilebhisi akushintshiwe kuyo yonke inyanga yokugcina.

Ngokuqondene nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali we-pulp, iqukethe izinga eliphakeme kakhulu likashukela - cishe ngo-17-18%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-acidity yelitha elilodwa lamagilebhisi omvini wezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe kuphela kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-9 amagremu. Imbewu ebhokisini ingu-1-3 nje kuphela, ngenxa yekhono elilula lokuhlukanisa emaspini, cishe akucindezeli inqubo yokudla amagilebhisi.

Inhloso eyinhloko yalesi sithelo yamagilebhisi kungukudla kwetafula. Zisetshenziselwa kakhulu kwifomu yetafula, ngoba ukuhlukahluka akuthuthi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhule ngisho nasezivini zezimboni futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amagilebhisi. Ukuthengiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo kubuye kubonakale kakhulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuhle, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuphila okufakwe emashalofini, lesi siqondiso sezinhlobonhlobo asithembisi kakhulu.

Amazwi ambalwa mayelana nezici zokuvuthwa kanye namazinga okuvuna kwamagilebhisi "eLibya"

Inani lezinhlobonhlobo zemagilebhisi elichazweyo libuye lithele ekuvuneni okuphezulu nokuzinzile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye zokuqala zamagilebhisi zivela ehlathini "iLibya" ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokufika kwawo endaweni engapheli. Ukuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi kuphephile kakhulu ngoba kuvela Izinsuku ezingu-105-110 emva kokungena kwesihlahla phakathi nesikhathi semifino. Ukuvuna isivuno kubhalwe ngomthwalo ogcwele emvinini. Uma isihlahla sithwele ngokweqile - amaphesenti angama-70-80 kuphela esitshalweni singakhula.

Ukuvunwa okunjalo okunjalo kulezi zinhlobonhlobo kungenzeka ngenxa yehlathi elikhulu nelinamandla, elikwazi ukuziqhayisa. Ikakhulukazi, ingasuswa phezulu kakhulu uma ingaqunywanga. Ukukhula esikhungweni sehlathi. Kumele kuqashelwe inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo, okuyinto ikhono lokuzivocavoca. Ngakho, amagilebhisi "iLibiya" afaneleka ukutshala okulodwa.

Ukufaneleka kwamagilebhisi "eLibiya" - okuyinto ezihlukahlukene ezidunyiswayo

Ngokungangabazeki, umgomo oyinhloko ngemuva kwalolu hlobo olukhethwe yiziningi zokutshala ezweni labo kungamaqoqo angenakuqhathaniswa namajikijolo amahle kakhulu kunambitha. Kodwa kunezinye izinzuzo eziningi:

  • Izinhlobonhlobo zinqabile kakhulu ngeqhwa. Izinkuni zomvini azilimazanga ngisho nalapho izinga lokushisa lihlaselwa ku- -21ºС, kodwa ezimweni zezulu ezibandayo, umvini kufanele uhlanganiswe ubusika.
  • Amagilebhisi "iLibya" unamandla okuphikisana nezifo ezinjalo zezivini njengesikhutha.
  • Impendulo enhle kakhulu ekunakekeleni nokunakekelwa okufanele, ejabule ngezitshalo ezinkulu.
  • Ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kokuqala kwamagilebhisi.

Cons and izinkinga izinhlobo "Libya"

Naphezu kokuthi, ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinombonakalo okhangayo kakhulu ngenxa yombala wayo obomvu ongavamile, akusho njalo ukuthola umbala oshiwo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvinjelwa kwamagilebhisi "Livia" ngaphambi kokuba amazolo efulawa akwaneleokudinga ukwelapha njalo ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.

Ukutshala amagilebhisi "eLibya" - kanjani ukutshala i-shrub enhle nokuhluma?

Ezindabeni zokutshala, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi azikho umehluko othile kanye nezidingo, okungafani ngandlela-thile ezihlukile kubantu abamukelekile. Noma kunjalo, ukuze amagilebhisi avele kahle futhi atheleke, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-nuances okufanele zicatshangelwe.

Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi "iLibya" - ukusonga noma ukubhalisa?

Eqinisweni, uhlobo lokufika alubalulekile. Noma kunjalo, esimweni ngasinye kukhona izinzuzo:

  • Siyabonga ukutshala ama-cuttings ezimpandeni zabo Ungakwazi ukufeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokukhula kwesihlahla somvini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, ukutshala okunjalo kubonisa ukunambitheka okunamandla kwamagilebhisi.
  • Nge ukuxhunyelela umvini "iLibiya" esitokisini sesivini esidala ungakwazi ukufeza ukungena okusheshayo komvini zibe fruiting. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminyaka yokuqala ye-fruiting izovezwa yizivuno eziphakeme, uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombo ezitshalwe ngonyaka ofanayo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, isidingo esinamandla kakhulu sokubhekana nendaba yokulungiselela izinto zokutshala. Uma kungenjalo, ukusika kungase kungabikho izimpande nhlobo futhi uzoshiywa ngaphandle kwamagilebhisi. Ngokuyinhloko, njengokusika ukutshala ngezimpande zawo, kanye nokugoma, kufanele kube nama-2-3 amancane. Ngokuhlwanyela amagilebhisi nge-sapling, ukusika kumelwe kube nezimpande ezinhle ngesikhathi sokutshala.

Ukulalelisisa izimpande kufanele kube lapho uthola isithombo. Kumele kube mhlophe, ngaphandle kwesithwathwa, umonakalo futhi hhayi omisiwe. Futhi, ukusika kwesithombo kufanele kube luhlaza, okuzophinde kubonise ikhono layo elihle lokugxila kwisayithi lokufika. Ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo kufanele sifakwe kahle emanzini.

Uhlelo lwempande lungelashwa ngethuluzi elikhethekile elingashukumisa ukukhula kwezimpande. Ngaphambi kokufika ngokuqondile amathiphu wezimpande zezithombo zamagilebhisi anconywa ukusika kancaneusebenzisa ummese obukhali kakhulu (i-pruner).

Ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa nakho kuyisikhathi esiningi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyisika kahle futhi kahle. Ingxenye yayo engezansi kuphela echotshiwe, ngaphansi nje kwephansi eliphansi. Kudingekile ukusisika ngomcengezi ezinhlangothini zombili. Kusukela kwezinye izinhlangothi ezimbili ezingasokile, okuthiwa "ingubo yengubo" kufanele ihlale. Ingxenye engenhla, hhayi inqanyuliwe inconywa ukuba ikhule.

Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ukusika kwamagilebhisi kungagcina umswakama kangcono kakhulu futhi kube nokumelene nokunye okungahambi kahle. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokushesha kakhulu, kuphela ngokunciphisa ngokushesha ukusika kwepharafini encibilikiswe emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiqu ngokushesha sidinga ukucola emanzini.

Ingxenyana engezansi yokusika, ukugqugquzela ukhula lwe-rooting, kunconywa ukuba ibeke ngaphambi kokuxhunyelelwa emanzini. Futhi, ingelashwa ngesisombululo esikhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande zomuthi, kanye nokuthi kwenziwa nge-seedling.

Ukukhethwa kwendawo, inhlabathi kanye nesikhathi esifanele sonyaka sokutshala amagilebhisi

  • Indawo yokutshala umvini kufanele kukhanyiswe ilanga. Ngakho-ke, kunikezwe isidingo sokusika amagilebhisi "iLibya" ngokuya phezulu, kungcono ukutshala ngasenyakatho kwezakhiwo zendlu. Ngaphandle kwamanzi angemuva, azobe esevikela njengemimoya yasenyakatho ebandayo.
  • Khetha okuhle inhlabathi yamagilebhisi "Libya" akunzima, ngoba lesi sivini asiyona into engenasisekelo. Futhi, ukuntuleka kwenhlabathi kungakhanjiswa ngezithako ezivame ukondla. Umhlabathi we-loamy ne-chernozem, enekhono elihle lokukhipha amanzi kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba ahambelana kahle.
  • Izithelo zomvini kakhulu entwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanganiswa esitokisini se-cuttings, isikhathi sonyaka sehlobo siphelele futhi.

Ukutshala Izithombo Zomvini - Amathiphu Aphezulu

Izithombo ezilungiselelwe kudingeka zitshalwe emgodini olungiselelwe. Ikakhulukazi, ukuwugubha izikhathi eziningana ngaphezu kwezimpande zesithombo, ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yesikhala sayo idinga ukugcwala ama-humus. Kuphumelela kakhulu ukuxuba ama-humus ngenhlabathi evundile, futhi emva kokugcwalisa le ngxube emgodini, ukumboza umanyolo ngenye ingqimba yomhlabathi kodwa ngaphandle kwamanyolo (ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ingozi yokutshisa izimpande zamagilebhisi).

Okulandelayo, thatha isithombo ngokwayo bese uyiphonsa emgodini, ushiye intamo emmpandeni. Mngcwabe ngokucophelela ngenxa ye-fragility yezimpande. Ngemuva kwaloko, eduze kwesipelishi, okungcono ukusuka ohlangothini lwaso olusenyakatho, kunconywa ukumba ngokusekela okuqinile, okuzohlala kuyo ekukhuleni. Futhi, emva kokutshala, isithombo semivini sinamanzi amaningi ngamabhakede amathathu amanzi.

Okudingayo ukwazi mayelana nokuhlanganiswa okulungile kwamagilebhisi "Libya"

Ukulandela ukulungiswa kokusika ukuxhunyelelwa, udinga ukuqala ukulungiselela isitoko. Okokuqala, udinga ukususa isihlahla somvini esidala, ushiye ipenechek kuphela 8-10 amasentimitha ngaphezulu kwendawo yomhlabathi. Okwesibili, ukusika kunconywa ukuba kuhlanjululwe ngokucophelela izinsimbi kanye nezinye iziphambeko zokuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeka yini izifo.

Ubuso obubushelelezi obubushelelezi besithelo sevini usula buqede kusukela emanqabeni ene-rag emanzi futhi uhlukaniswe ngokucophelela phakathi naphakathi. Ukuhlukaniswa akufanele kube okujulile, kufanele ihambisane nokusika (kahle, noma izinhlamvu eziningana, uma ubukhulu be-rootstock buvumela).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqu kufanele sikwehliswe endaweni yokuhlukaniswa kwe-trunk ngenxenye ehlutshiwe futhi ivalwe ngokuqinile kakhulu. Ukuze uqinise futhi uhlanganise i-bobbin, kutuswa ukusebenzisa indwangu eqinile ekwazi ukubola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi, indawo yokugoma iphakanyiswa ukuba igcobe ngobumba, okuzosiza ekugcineni umswakama ekusikeni.

Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngokunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi ekuwa.

Ukunakekela isihlahla samavini "iLibiya": izindlela zokwandisa isivuno

Ukuze izivuno zihlale ziphakeme njalo, amagilebhisi afana ne "Libya" njengesiko esakhiwe ngobuciko adinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokujwayelekile. Isici esihlukile salezi zihlukahlukene ukuthi amagilebhisi akhiwa kakhulu engxenyeni engezansi yesihlahla somvini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamaqoqo, akudingekile ukuba ususe amaqabunga angaphezu kwawo, nakuba kunconywa kakhulu ukuba wenze lokhu kwezinye izinhlobo. Cabangela ezinye izici zokunakekelwa.

  • Amagilebhisi akhula kangcono emhlabathini onomsoco, nakuba kuyingozi kakhulu ukuwaphuza. Ngokugcwele amanzi amagilebhisi kuphela kabili ngesinye isikhathi.: ngaphambi nangemva kokuvuna komvini. Ukunisela kuyanda kuphela uma kwenzeka isomiso. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela ukuthi ngamaconsi okuzumayo emanzini omhlaba anganqamuka.
  • Inhlabathi ezungeze isivini iyasiza kakhulu ukucubungula kanye ne-mulch. Phela, i-mulch ayikwazi kuphela ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini futhi yenza umsebenzi wokuzivikela ngesikhathi sezulu ebanda futhi ebanda, kodwa futhi inganciphisa amagilebhisi. Ngemuva kwalokho, izivini zemifino zivame ukusetshenziselwa i-humus enenkani, ehlanganisiwe emhlabathini nomhlabathi ongamamitha ayi-3 cm. Kunconywa ukuba umquba umhlabathi kuphela entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
  • Ngaphandle kokondla amagilebhisi ngamanyolo aphilayo asebenza enhlabathini ngokubhunqa, Lesi sitshalo siphinde siphendule kahle kumanyolo wamaminerali.. Ikakhulukazi, amagilebhisi anesidingo esikhulu semifuno, ene-potassium ne-phosphorus. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo ekwindla sekwephuzile kakhulu, ngenkathi isihlahla sezilele futhi inhlabathi ayinakukwazi ukuyihambisa ezimpandeni ngaphambi kokusentwasahlobo.
  • Ukuze izithelo zomvini zizuze kahle futhi zingalimazwa yiqhwa, kubalulekile ukumboza ubusika. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezihlukahlukene "Livia", kusukela iplanki eliphezulu, lapho lesi sivini esingonakali khona, kuphela -21ºС kuphela. Ukumboza ngokuphelele isihlahla, kufanele sinqunywe kahle futhi siwehlise phansi. Ungakwazi ukumboza ngenhlabathi, hay kanye nefilimu. Kubalulekile ukumboza kuphela amagilebhisi atshalwe. Kule pani enkulu kakhulu noma ibhubhu elidala kakhulu, lapho phansi lingekho khona, kuzosebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukubeka eduze kwesithombo futhi uhlanganiswe nomhlabathi, ungakwazi ukuyivikela ngokusuka ku-frost.
  • Ukuvuna amagilebhisi kungumkhuba obaluleke kunazo zonke odingekayo ngamagilebhisi for fruiting okuhle. Ku-Livia, ukunciphisa okuncane kwama-2-6 kuphela kuthathwa njengamukelekile. Uma udala isihlahla, kubaluleke kakhulu ukushiya imikhumbi emibili emikhulu, okudingeka futhi ifinyelelwe njalo ekwindla. Futhi kubalulekile ukulawula isivuno ngokususa ama-ovari amaningi kakhulu. Emva kwakho konke, lapho ukhulula isihlahla, amagilebhisi ngeke akwazi ukuvuthwa kahle.
  • Ukuhlukahluka "i-Livia" kungasithinteka isifo esinjengamazolo efulawa. Ukuphikisa ngokuphumelelayo, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukupompela okuvamile kwesihlahla somvini. Inombolo ephakanyisiwe yokuphalaza kwenkathi eyodwa - 2: eyodwa iyenzeka ngaphambi kokusila, okwesibili - emva. Amagilebhisi aqoshiwe asebenzayo.